全国4月自学考试中外新闻作品研究试题

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【简介】感谢网友“黑包辛拉面子哥”参与投稿,下面就是小编给大家带来的全国4月自学考试中外新闻作品研究试题(共11篇),希望大家喜欢阅读!

篇1:全国4月自学考试中外新闻作品研究试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.撰写通讯《巴黎陷落后的一个月》的外国记者是

a.爱伦堡b.西蒙诺夫

c.李普曼d.索尔兹伯里

2.“长江风平浪静,我军万船齐放,直取对岸”是一篇新闻作品中的名句。

这篇新闻作品是()

a.《中原我军占领南阳》b.《桌上的表》

c.《我三十万大军胜利南渡长江》d.《华阳礁上补给忙》

3.在西方,通常把题材较为严肃、较为重要、时效性强的新闻报道称为()

a.软新闻b.硬新闻

c.特稿d.解释性报道

4.延安时期,穆青采写了当时一位有名的劳动英雄,这位劳动英雄是()

a.吴吉昌b.孟泰

c.王进喜d.赵占魁

5.在下列新闻作品中,描写一群台胞返乡探亲的动人事例,表现两岸一家、骨肉亲情的作品是()

a.《相思正是吐黄时》b.《好啊!诚实永存》

c.《师魂》d.《春夜》

6.在积累了充分事实的基础上,以较为深入、系统地揭露问题为主旨的报道形式,在西方称之为()

a.特稿b.调查性报道

c.解释性报道d.述评性报道

7.《英雄登上地球之巅》的作者是()

a.魏巍b.华山

c.郭超人d.范长江

8.下列诗句中,被《写在绢帕上的诗》一文引用的是()

a.“姑苏城外寒山寺,夜半钟声到客船”

b.“前天一夜风雪,昨夜八百童尸”

c.“飞流直下三千尺,疑是银河落九天”

d.“滹沱河畔订心盟,卷地风沙四野鸣”

9.《经济学家赶集》的报道内容所反映的年代是()

a.1950年b.1960年

c.1980年d.1990年

10.《夜宿车马店》所报道的生动事实,是发生在()

a.内蒙古b.陕西

c.山西d.黑龙江

11.《春夜》这篇特写,着重表现了()

a.人物b.场面

c.景物d.事件

12.《分清主流与支流,莫把“开头”当“过头”》这篇新闻述评,是由一位名记者写的,他是()

a.穆青b.邓拓

c.范敬宜d.柏生

13.一名共产党员不幸以身殉职。人们在料理他的后事时看到两件令人心碎的遗物:一是仅有的8.6元钱,一是他去世前四天写的关于发展当地经济的建议。这个典型细节出自下列新闻作品中的()

a.《县委书记的榜样-焦裕禄》b.《金山同志追悼会在京举行》

c.《领导干部的楷模-孔繁森》d.《师魂》

14.下列新闻作品中,通过三个小人物的命运,深刻揭露资本主义社会现实的是()

a.《别了,“不列颠尼亚”》b.《华美窗帷的后面》

c.《水城威尼斯》d.《世界最佳急诊室》

15.《枫桥兴会扶桑客,子夜钟鸣百又八》中通篇叙述的一件事是()

a.韩国旅游者于除夕之夜在法门寺听钟声

b.日本旅游者于除夕之夜在寒山寺听钟声

c.日本旅游者于除夕之夜在少林寺听钟声

d.韩国旅游者于除夕之夜在金山寺听钟声

16.新闻主题通常是指一篇新闻作品是()

a.题材内容b.采写动机

c.中心思想d.社会效果

17.普利策新闻奖是以著名报人普利策的名字命名的新闻奖项。这位著名报人是()

a.英国人b.法国人

c.意大利人d.美国人

18.1978年,编发《天安门事件完全是革命行动》这一重大新闻的新闻机构是()

a.新发社b.人民日报

c.中国青年报d.中央人民广播电台

19.“政治强、业务精、纪律严、作风正”,这是对社会主义新闻工作者的要求,也是新闻作品研究者应努力的方向。提出这十二个字要求的是()

a.毛泽东b.邓小平

c.江泽民d.丁关根

20.“他心里装着全体人民,唯独没有他自己”是下列一篇新闻作品中部分内容的小标题。这篇新闻作品是()

a.《领导干部的楷模-孔繁森》b.《县委书记的榜样-焦裕禄》

c.《核弹元勋的“三子”》d.《为了周总理的嘱托》

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

在每小题列出的五个备选项中有二至五个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.新闻作品的主要特点,就其内容而言,有()

a.真实b.新鲜

c.迅速及时d.体裁的多样性

e.具有重要性

22.下列新闻作品中属于人物专访的有()

a.《经济学家赶集》b.《访“葡萄常”》

c.《写在绢帕上的诗》d.《“飞天”凌空》

e.《共产党员刘胡兰慷慨就义》

23.《“一厘钱”精神》是一篇具有很强的现实指导意义的工作通讯。为了深化主题,揭示传大的事业要从最小的事情做起这一真理,文中精选了几个典型事例,这些事例是()

a.一厘钱b.一分钟

c.一滴水d.一粒米

e.一根火柴

24.下列新闻作品中,以人物语言或对话为主要表现方式的是()

a.《好啊!诚实永存》b.《抢菜记》

c.《共产党员刘胡兰慷慨就义》d.《从邮局看变化》

e.《上海严寒》

25.分析新闻作品的主题,应注意()

a.把握它的舆论导向和社会意义b.主题是否鲜明集中

c.联系作品所选择的角度d.作品的体裁样式

e.主题寓于一定事实之中

三、简答题(本大题共3小题,每小题8分,共24分)

26.分析新闻作品的细节描写要注意什么?

27.简析《一本充满自我批评精神的新书》的报道角度。

28.简析《太平夫人看望“欢欢”,“长得多么可爱啊!”》一文中拟人化手法的作用。

四、论述题(本大题共2小题,每小题13分,共26分)

29.在新闻作品研究中,如何做到主观与客观相统一?请结合具体新闻作品论述。

30.结合外国新闻作品,论述背景材料在新闻报道中的作用。

五、分析题(本大题20分)

31.分析《奥斯威辛没有新闻可写》一文的写作特色。

答题要求:论点明确,虚实结合,条理清晰,文字简洁,写成不少于600字的评析短文,自拟标题。

奥斯威辛没有新闻可写

[美]a·m·罗森塔尔

波兰布热津卡——不知为什么,最可怕的事情竟是布热津卡那明媚和温煦的阳光,一行行令人赏心悦目的白杨和在大门口附近的茵茵碧草上玩耍的孩子们。

这好像不正常得令人吃惊,如同一场恶梦一样。在市热津卡,应该永远有阳光照耀,或者说,那里应该是光明的,那里应该是一片碧绿,应该有年轻人的笑声。但是,如果说布热津卡从来不见阳光,草地枯萎衰败了,这才是恰如其分的,因为这是一个无法用语言来形容的恐怖地方。

然而,现在每天都有来自世界各地的旅游者到布热津卡来,这地方很可能是世界上最令人心惊胆战的旅游点。他们来这里游览的原因很多-想来看一看这一切是否是真实的,提醒自己不要忘记这个地方,或者只是看一看人们受害的地方来向死去的人表示悼念。

布热津卡距著名的南部城镇奥斯威辛只有几英里之遥。奥斯威辛有居民12 000名,位于距华沙171英里的地方,地处狭隘通道东端被称为摩拉维亚门的潮湿和沼泽地区。

布热津卡和奥斯威辛共同组成了精心建立起来的酷刑和死亡工厂的一部分。纳粹称这个地方为奥斯威辛集中营。

现在,距离最后一批囚犯裸着身子,被成群地赶到由哨兵和警犬守卫的毒气室处死,已有了。人们频繁地谈论着有关奥斯威辛集中营的传说。某些幸存者已经写了一些即便是头脑健全的人也难以想象的回忆录。集中营的主要负责人鲁道夫·弗朗兹·费迪南德·霍斯在被处决以前,在他写的回忆录里详尽描写了大规模屠杀和对囚犯进行的活体试验。在这里有400万人死亡了。

现在,关于奥斯威辛没有什么新闻可报道,仅仅是由于有着不可抗拒的冲动,才想写一些有关集中营的事。这种冲动是因为出自一种不平静的感情,到集中营参观后,如果对那里的情况不置一言,不写一字,就这么离开了,那将是对在那里死去的人们极为痛心的不敬。

现在,布热津卡和奥斯威辛很平静,再也听不到恐怖的尖叫声了,旅游者在最初只是默默地、匆匆地走过去,后来想起了牢房、毒气屋、地牢和鞭笞犯人的地方,于是,他们的脚步变得沉重了。导游也没有多说什么,因为他向游客指点了地方以后不必再多说什么了。

对每一个旅游者来说,都会产生一点独特的恐怖感,而这点恐怖感,他永远也不会忘记。某些人看见在奥斯威辛重建的一个毒气室,人们告诉他们这还是个小的毒气室。其他人竟看到这样的事实,在布热津卡,在几个毒气室的废墟上,在德国人撤退时炸毁的焚尸炉上,竟盛开着雏菊。

有些旅游者呆呆地盯着毒气室和焚尸炉,他们简直不能接受这些。目睹钢玻璃窗后边象小山堆似的人头发,一堆堆死去的婴儿留下的鞋,或者在进毒气室之前用来关押犯人的砖瓦结构的监狱,他们站在那里浑身发抖,毛骨悚然。

一位参观者惊叫了一声,因为他看见女牢房竟是3排大木头箱子,这些木头箱子约有6英尺宽、3英尺高,每晚有5到10个人在木头箱子里过夜。导游带着游客很快穿过了牢房。在这里没有更多的东西要看了。

有一座砖瓦结构的建筑用来对女囚犯进行使之失去生育能力的试验。导游想把门打开,但门却是锁着的。游客们暗自庆幸他们没有去看,然后就羞得脸红了。

在一条长长的走廊里,一排排面孔从墙壁上向人们凝视着,那是几千张囚犯的照片。现在,这些人都已经死去了,男女囚犯们站在照相机前面心里都明白他们将走向死亡。

从这些死者的照片上看他(她)们脸上木无表情,但是在众多的照片中间,有一张照片吸引了游客的注意,令人不忍卒睹。这是一张22岁女孩的照片,她体态丰满、金发碧眼、容貌漂亮,她温柔地微笑着,好象头脑里掠过什么甜蜜的、值得珍爱的事情。当时在她年轻的头脑里想些什么呢?现在在奥斯威辛的死亡纪念墙上她又想些什么呢?

在进入令人窒息的地牢时,一位旅游者被带出来休息了一会,因为他感到憋得喘不上气来。另外一位旅游者进去了,又跌跌撞撞地出来了,他划起十字来。在奥斯威辛没有什么可祈祷的地方。

旅游者们相互恳求地对望着,他们对导游说:“够了。”

奥斯威辛没有什么新鲜事可以报道。那里还是阳光明媚一片碧绿,孩子们在大门口玩耍。

篇2:4月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

大学语文 试题

课程代码:04729

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分

注意事项:

1. 答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2. 每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。

1.《秋水》(节选)中说“仲尼语之以为博”,语中“仲尼”指的是

A.伯夷 B.孟子

C.孔子 D.老子

2.在《就任北京大学校长之演说》中,蔡元培提及他自己在德国的生活经历,用以说明的论题是

A.抱定宗旨 B.端正学风

C.砥砺德行 D.敬爱师友

3.下列《我的世界观》语句中,表达了作者“人生基本理念”的是

A.人是为别人而生存的

B.每个人都有一定的理想,这种理想决定着他的努力和判断的方向

C.我实在是一个“孤独的旅客”

D.只有个人才能创造出高尚的和卓越的东西

4.下列《冯谖客孟尝君》情节中,能够显示孟尝君礼贤下士品格的是

A.弹铗三歌 B.收责于薛

C.西游于梁 D.立宗庙于薛

5.下列《垓下之围》项羽的言语中,表现出对敌人的鄙视和视死如归精神的是

A.此天之亡我,非战之罪也 B.汉皆已得楚乎?是何楚人之多也

C.吾为公取彼一将 D.吾闻汉购我头千金,邑万户,吾为若德

6.下列著作中,作者为韩愈的是

.A.《壮悔堂文集》 B.《昌黎先生集》

C.《震川先生集》 D.《樊川集》

7.《先妣事略》一文中,“不忧米盐,乃劳苦若不谋夕”的人物是

A.外祖 B.周孺人

C.大姊 D.老妪

8.《马伶传》一文的叙事特点是

A.夹叙夹议 B.双线并进

C.插叙 D.倒叙

9.《香市》:“在我看来,这所谓的‘南洋武术班’的几套把式比起从前‘香市’里的打拳头卖膏药的玩意来,委实是好看得多了。”作者这样说的目的是

A.赞赏民间技艺的进步 B.反衬重兴香市的冷落

C.证明香市品位的提高 D.讽刺观众素质的降低

10.《哭小弟》:“我还要哭那些没有见诸报章的过早离去的我的同辈人。他们几经雪欺霜冻,好不容易奋斗着张开几片花瓣,尚未盛开,就骤然凋谢。”这段话使用的修辞手法是

A.比喻 B.夸张

C.比拟 D.层递

11.与其他单纯游记文相比,《都江堰》的一个重要特色是

A.生动地讲述历史故事 B.把人生经历融入到自然描写之中

C.严谨地描述地理环境 D.具有较强的象征意味和思辨色彩

12.下列语句所写的月色,引发了作者对母亲深切怀念的是

A.此时月如镜新磨,山复整妆,湖复额面

B.古祭坛上落满黑暗然后再渐渐浮起月光

C.月亮也暗暗地躲到东边去了

D.群山被月光笼罩着,像母亲庄严、神圣的胸脯

13.下列《蒹葭》诗句中,描述抒情主人公顺流而下追寻意中人的是

A.蒹葭采采,白露未已 B.所谓伊人,在水之

C.溯洄从之,道阻且右 D.溯游从之,宛在水中b

14.杜甫《秋兴八首》的创作地点是

A.夔州 B.长安

C.巩县 D.成都

15.《长恨歌》中“排空驭气奔如电,升天入地求之遍”的主角是

A.杨贵妃 B.董双成

C.梨园弟子 D.临邛道士

16.下列《虞美人》(春花秋月何时了)词句中,暗喻江山易主的是

A.春花秋月何时了?往事知多少 B.小楼昨夜又东风,故国不堪回首月明中

C.雕栏玉砌应犹在,只是朱颜改 D.问君能有几多愁?恰似一江春水向东流

17.《摸鱼儿》(更能消几番风雨)下片的主要抒情方式是

A.直抒胸臆 B.借举止抒情

C.借景抒情 D.借典故抒情

18.下列《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》意象中,“数百年来纺着疲惫的歌”的是

A.破旧的老水车 B.熏黑的矿灯

C.失修的路基 D.淤滩上的驳船

19.下列《婴宁》人物中,督导婴宁从“笑辄不辍”、“少教训”到成为“全人”的是

A.王子服 B.狐母

C.鬼母 D.婆母

20.《麦琪的礼物》中,能够使“示巴女皇”的珠宝、首饰相形见绌的是

A.德拉的美发 B.杰姆的金表

C.玳瑁的发梳 D.白金的表链

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂、少涂或未涂均无分。

21.在《容忍与自由》中,胡适自述年少时援引《王制》专制律条痛骂的中国古代小说有

A.《红楼梦》 B.《西游记》

C.《水浒传》 D.《封神榜》

E.《三国演义》

22.下列语句中,使用了象征手法的有

A.我望着远远的在窗前发亮的灯,我面前横着一片大海,灯光在呼唤我,我恨不得腋下生出翅膀,即刻飞到那边去

B.十五年中,这古园的形体被不能理解它的人肆意雕琢,幸好有些东西是任谁也不能改变它的

C.可是潭后那座戏台却坍塌了,屋椽子像瘦人的肋骨似的暴露在“光天化日”之下

D.吾辈纵舟,酣睡于十里荷花之中,香气拍人,清梦甚惬

E.相互残杀的恶战啊,红色的共和党和黑色的帝王派展开你死我活的拼杀,虽没听到声声呐喊,但是人类之战却从未如此奋不顾身

23.下列诗词句中借景抒情的有

A.春风桃李花开日,秋雨梧桐叶落时 B.须知胡骑纷纷在,岂逐春风一一回

C.春花秋月何时了,往事知多少 D.是处红衰翠减,苒苒物华休

E.重过阊门万事非,同来何事不同归

24.下列《我愿是一条急流》意象中,属于诗人自喻的有

A.荒林 B.城堡的废墟

C.常春藤 D.小草棚

E.云朵

25.下列小说作品中,构思视角独到,以小见大的有

A.《婴宁》 B.《宝黛吵架》

C.《金鲤鱼的百裥裙》 D.《哦,香雪》

E.《苦恼》

非选择题部分

注意事项:

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)

26.谨庠序之教,申之以孝悌之义

27.世言晋王之将终也

28.左右以君贱之也,食以草具

29.然羽非有尺寸,乘势起陇亩之中

30.以为巡死而远就虏,疑畏死而辞服于贼

31.能顺木之天,以致其性焉尔

32.先时中山负齐之强兵,侵暴吾地

33.壬戌之秋,七月既望

34.我也哭蒋筑英抱病奔波,客殇成都

35.鸟何萃兮O中

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)

36.阅读《寡人之于国也》中的一段文字,回答问题:

狗彘食人食而不知检,涂有饿莩而不知发;人死,则曰,“非我也,岁也”。是何异于刺人而杀之,曰,“非我也,兵也?”王无罪岁,斯天下之民至焉。

(1)为使“民加多”,孟子认为“王”应持的正确态度是什么?

(2)孟子善用比喻,请结合这段文字试加分析。

(3)除了使用比喻外,这段文字的说理还具有什么特点?

37.阅读《前赤壁赋》中的一段文字,回答问题:

苏子愀然,正襟危坐而问客曰:“何为其然也?”客曰:“‘月明星稀,乌鹊南飞’,此非曹孟德之诗乎?西望夏口,东望武昌,山川相缪,郁乎苍苍,此非孟德之困于周郎者乎?方其破荆州、下江陵,顺流而东也,舳舻千里,旌旗蔽空,酾酒临江,横槊赋诗,固一世之雄也,而今安在哉?况吾与子渔樵于江渚之上,侣鱼虾而友麇鹿,驾一叶之扁舟,举匏樽以相属。寄蜉蝣于天地,渺沧海之一粟。哀吾生之须臾,羡长江之无穷。挟飞仙以遨游,抱明月而长终。知不可乎骤得,托遗响于悲风。”

(1)文中“客”的回答流露出什么样的思想情怀?

(2)这段文字继承了赋体的哪种传统表现手法?

(3)说明这段文字的语言特点。

38.阅读柳永《八声甘州》,回答问题:

对潇潇暮雨洒江天,一番洗清秋。渐霜风凄紧,关河冷落,残照当楼。是处红衰翠减,苒苒物华休。惟有长江水,无语东流。不忍登高临远,望故乡渺邈,归思难收。叹年来踪迹,何事苦淹留?想佳人、妆楼J望,误几回、天际识归舟。争知我、倚栏干处,正恁凝愁。

(1)概括本词的思想内容。

(2)“惟有长江水,无语东流”的言外之意是什么?

(3)本词上下片的抒情方式各是什么?

39.阅读《一句话》中的一节,回答问题:

有一句话说出就是祸,

有一句话能点得着火。

别看五千年没有说破,

你猜得透火山的沉默?

说不定是突然着了魔,

突然青天里一个霹雳

爆一声

“咱们的中国!”

(1)简述这首诗的创作背景。

(2)“火”隐喻什么?

(3)这节诗的形式和语言有什么特点?

40.阅读《金鲤鱼的百裥裙》中的下列文字,回答问题:

振丰听了,胸中有一把火,像要燃烧起来。他的脸涨红了,抑制着激动的心情,故意问:“我是姨太太生的,那么我也不能走大门了?”

老姑母苦笑着责备说:“傻孩子,怎么说这样的话!你当然是可以走大门……”

振丰还没等老姑母讲完,便冲动的,一下子跑到母亲的灵堂,趴伏在棺木上,捶打痛喊着说:“我可以走大门,那么就让我妈连着我走一回大门吧!就这么一回!就这么一回!”

(1)振丰在丧礼上的举动,体现了人物什么样的情感?

(2)对于塑造金鲤鱼形象而言,振丰闹丧的情节起到什么样的作用?

(3)文中运用了哪些描写手法?

五、作文题(30分)

41.生物学认为,各种生物不是独立生存的,而是生活在大大小小的生态圈中,彼此依赖,相互影响。人类社会也有各种各样的圈,哪个个体不在圈中?圈可以令人温暖、安全、成功,也可以让人狭隘、迷失、窒息。面对形形色色的圈,请根据你的观察或联想,写一篇不少于800字的文章,题目自拟,文体不限,诗歌除外。

篇3:全国高等教育自学考试管理学原理试题

全国高等教育自学考试管理学原理试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内,4月全国高等教育自学考试管理学原理试题。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.管理或者管理活动的存在,必须具备的条件是( )

A.两个人以上的集体活动和一定数量的生产资料

B.两个人以上的集体活动和一定规模的固定资产

C.两个人以上的集体活动和一致认可的目标

D.一定数量的生产资料和一致认可的目标

2.“系统特性中有效的管理总能带来”1+1>2“的效果”指的是系统的( )

A.控制性 B.目的性

C.整体性 D.开放性

3.泰罗的科学管理理论的中心问题是( )

A.提高劳动生产率 B.配备“第一流的工人”

C.使工人掌握标准化的操作方法 D.实行有差别的计件工资制

4.外部环境因素复杂多变,不确定性高的企业环境状态属于( )

A.简单动态 B.简单稳定

C.复杂稳定 D.复杂动态

5.在计划工作的程序中,估量机会所处的阶段是( )

A.在计划工作开始之后 B.在计划工作开始之前

C.在制定目标之后 D.在方案评价之后

6.某项建筑工程的施工进度计划应该按照计划时间完成施工任务,但在制订施工进度计划时却要考虑到出现雨季不能进行露天作业的情况,因而对完成任务时间的估计要留有余地,这遵循的是( )

A.改变航道原理 B.灵活性原理

C.许诺原理 D.限定因素原理

7.随着电冰箱市场从卖方市场转向买方市场,各冰箱厂家在改进产品设计,增加产品功能、改善售后服务等方面绞尽脑汁,不断推陈出新。这种竞争战略是( )

A.集中化战略 B.差异化战略

C.分散化战略 D.总成本领先战略

8.从事物之间的因果关系出发进行预测的方法是( )

A.回归分析法 B.移动算术平均法

C.指数滑动平均法 D.直观法

9.德尔菲法属于( )

A.时间序列预测法 B.联立模型法

C.直观型预测法 D.周期变动分析法

10.从整体利益出发,对组织实行统一指挥和综合管理,并制定组织目标和大政方针的`管理层次属于( )

A.作业管理层 B.运行管理层

C.战术计划层 D.战略规划层

11.直线职权、参谋职权、职能职权三者之间的关系是( )

A.职能职权介于直线职权与参谋职权之间

B.直线职权介于职能职权与参谋职权之间

C.参谋职权介于直线职权与职能职权之间

D.三种职权相互独立,没有联系

12.美国管理学家德鲁克说:“倘若要所用的人没有短处,其结果至多只是一个平平凡凡的组织”。这句话强调的人员配备原理是( )

A.不断培养原理 B.公开竞争原理

C.用人之长原理 D.权责利一致原理

13.企业中车间主任应具备的最主要的能力是( )

A.管理能力 B.技术能力

C.安全能力 D.会计能力

A.美国企业 B.日本企业

C.德国企业 D.英国企业

15.团队类型中,直接管理所在过程或部门的日常运作的员工群体属于( )

A.过程改进团队 B.工作团队

C.自我管理团队 D.其他团队

16.下述沟通形式中,属于非正式沟通形式的是( )

A.链式沟通 B.环式沟通

C.轮式沟通 D.集群连琐

17.预算年度开始时,将所有还在进行的管理活动都看作重新开始的预算是( )

A.可变预算 B.零基预算

C.生产预算 D.管理费用预算

18.在管理控制中,主管人员对即将出现的偏差有所察觉并及时采取某些纠正措施所进行的有效控制是( )

A.反馈控制 B.前馈控制

C.间接控制 D.直接控制

19.企业内的仓储管理属于( )

A.价值管理系统 B.财务管理系统

C.物流管理系统 D.供应链管理系统

20.管理信息系统中的决策支持系统的主要使用者是( )

A.高级管理 B.部门经理

C.专业人员 D.监控人员

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

在每小题列出的五个备选项中有二至五个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内,自考试题《204月全国高等教育自学考试管理学原理试题》。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.管理学的特点包括( )

A.一般性 B.特殊性

C.多科性 D.历史性

E.实践性

22.计划工作的基本特征有( )

A.目的性 B.主导性

C.普遍性 D.经济性

E.实践性

23.衡量集权与分权程度的标志有( )

A.决策的目标 B.决策的数目

C.决策的重要性及其影响面 D.决策者的工作风格

E.决策审批手续的简繁

24.对管理者进行考评的方法有( )

A.考试法 B.群众评议法

C.成绩记录法 D.对比法

E.自我考评法

25.沟通的原则包括( )

A.明确的原则 B.灵活的原则

C.完整性原则 D.使用正式组织的原则

E.使用非正式组织的原则

三、名词解释题(本大题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)

26.管理道德

27.职位设计

28.公开竞争原理

29.团队

30.例外情况原理

四、简答题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)

31.霍桑试验的结论包括哪几个要点?

32.目标管理的局限性体现在哪几个方面?

33.简述“六西格玛管理”的实质及管理思想。

34.简述预算的三种基本类型。

五、论述题(本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分)

35.试论述组织工作的内容。

36.结合实际论述领导者应具备的用人艺术。

六、案例分析题(本题15分)

37.赵林是某汽车零件制造厂的副厂长,分管生产。一个月前,他为了搞好生产,掌握第一手资料,就到第一车间甲班去蹲点调查。一个星期后,他发现由于奖金太低,工人的劳动积极性不高,所以每天产量多的工人生产二十几只零件,少的只生产十几只。

赵 林和厂长等负责人商量后,决定搞个定额奖励试点,规定每天每人以生产20只零件为标准,超过20只零件后,每多生产一只零件奖励2元。奖励方法实施后,全 班二十三个人都超额完成任务,最少的每天生产29只零件,最多的每天生产42只零件。这样一来,工人的奖金额普遍超过了工资额,使其他班、其他车间的工人 十分不满。

为了平息工人的不满情绪,他们又修改了奖励标准,每天的工作定额为30只零件,每超过定额一只零件奖励2元。这样一来,全班平均每天只生产维持33只左 右,最多的人不超过35只,赵林观察后发现,工人并没有投入全力生产,在离下班还有一个半小时左右,只要30只任务完成,他们就开始休息了。他不知道应如 何进一步调动工人的积极性。

请据此回答下列问题:

(1)赵林在激励员工时有哪些不妥之处?为什么?(6分)

(2)你认为如何能做到有效的激励?(9分)

篇4:全国4月高等教育自学考试马克思主义哲学原理试

课程代码:00001

一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.划分唯物主义和唯心主义的唯一标准是( )

a.对思维和存在何者为第一性的不同回答

b.对思维和存在有没有同一性的不同回答

c.对世界是否具有统一性的不同回答

d.对世界是否普遍联系的不同回答

2.划分历史唯物主义和历史唯心主义的根本标准是( )

a.是否承认社会存在决定社会意识

b.是否承认社会意识具有相对独立性

c.是否承认社会发展有其规律性

d.是否承认社会发展是前进性和曲折性的统一

3.下列选项中,属于主观唯心主义观点的是( )

a.理在事先       b.世界是绝对精神的产物

c.现实世界是理念世界的影子   d.心外无物

4.认为世界的本原是某一种或某几种具体物质形态的观点属于( )

a.朴素唯物主义观点     b.形而上学唯物主义观点

c.辩证唯物主义观点     d.庸俗唯物主义观点

5.时间的特点是( )

a.间断性        b.不可逆性

c.广延性        d.伸张性

6.人类意识产生的决定性因素是( )

a.环境的变化       b.高等动物的产生

c.生物的进化       d.社会性劳动

7.世界的真正统一性在于它的( )

a.规律性        b.物质性

c.联系性        d.变动性

8.下列变化中,属于发展的是( )

a.大雁由北方飞到南方     b.封建王朝的宫廷政变

c.春夏秋冬四季的交替     d.旧中国的覆灭和新中国的诞生

9.任何矛盾都具有两个基本属性,其中一个是同一性,另一个是( )

a.客观性        b.斗争性

c.普遍性        d.特殊性

10.建设社会主义先进文化,对传统文化必须批判地继承。这种态度依据的哲学道理是( )

a.辩证的否定的原理     b.新事物必然战胜旧事物的原理

c.世界是过程集合体的原理    d.量变是质变的必要准备的原理

11.由于党中央、国务院对载人航天事业的坚强领导,广大航天科技人员的刻苦研究、反复实验,指挥人员的精心组织和正确指挥,全国人民的大力支持,“神舟六号”载人飞船于年10月11日至17日成功发射和返回。从因果关系上看,这属于( )

a.多果一因       b.同因异果

c.一果多因       d.同果异因

12.质量互变规律揭示了事物发展的( )

a.动力和源泉       b.状态和形式

c.趋势和道路       d.本质和表现

13.辩证唯物主义认识论第一的基本的观点是( )

a.唯物论的观点      b.辩证法的观点

c.实践的观点       d.可知论的观点

14.一个完整的认识过程,需要经过两次飞跃。下列选项中属于第二次飞跃的是( )

a.进行社会调查      b.分析实际情况

c.理论付诸实践      d.总结经验教训

15.任何真理都不是“终极真理”,真理是一个不断发展的过程。这是因为真理具有( )

a.客观性        b.绝对性

c.全面性        d.相对性

16.实践是检验真理的唯一标准,因为它是( )

a.把主观和客观联系起来的桥梁   b.感性的物质活动

c.有意识的能动性活动     d.社会历史性活动

17.人类区别于动物的根本标志是( )

a.具有情感意志      b.具有宗教信仰

c.使用语言文字      d.制造使用工具

18.在人类社会发展中起决定作用的因素是( )

a.地理环境       b.人口因素

c.生产方式       d.阶级斗争

19.下列概念中,反映人与人之间的经济关系的是( )

a.社会存在       b.生产力

c.生产关系       d.劳动对象

20.下列各项属于历史唯心主义的是( )

a.社会意识对社会存在起决定作用

b.社会意识随社会存在的变化而变化

c.在阶级社会里社会意识具有阶级性

d.在社会中占统治地位的思想都是统治阶级的思想

篇5:4月全国自学考试《商法原理与实务》真题

全国4月高等教育自学考试

商法原理与实务试题

课程代码:00921

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。

1.下列各项中不属于商业名称选用原则的是

A.真实主义原则 B.区别主义原则

C.公示主义原则 D.法定主义原则

2.根据商事行为的作用和地位,商事行为可以分为基本商事行为与

A.附属商事行为 B.单方商事行为

C.相对商事行为 D.一般商事行为

3.下列原则中,不是传统公司法所确立的资本原则的是

A.资本确定原则 B.资本增长原则

C.资本维持原则 D.资本不变原则

4.下列人员中,具备普通合伙人资格的是

A.14岁的甲 B.担任法官的乙

C.某一人公司 D.某上市公司

5.依据《中外合资经营企业法》,中外合资经营企业的组织形式为

A.有限责任公司 B.股份有限公司

C.普通合伙企业 D.有限合伙企业

6.人民法院受理了甲企业的破产申请,并指定乙破产清算事务所担任管理人。下列各项中属于管理人职责的是

A.通过破产财产的分配方案 B.选任债权人委员会成员

C.通过重整计划 D.接管甲企业的财产

7.下列有价证券中,不属于《证券法》调整的是

A.股票 B.债券

C.证券投资基金份额 D.仓单

8.王某为某有限责任公司的股东,因急于用钱,拟将其5万元出资变现。下列做法中,符合《公司法》规定的是

A.从公司抽回出资

B.将股权转让给其他股东

C.要求公司收购其股权

D.未通知其他股东,将股权转让给股东以外的第三人

9.某市国有资产监督管理部门决定将甲、乙两个国有独资公司撤销,合并成立丙股份有限公司。成立丙股份有限公司的行为性质为

A.新设合并 B.吸收合并

C.公司名称变更 D.公司类型变更

10.在某有限责任公司中,甲是执行董事,乙是总经理,丙是财务总监,丁是监事。下列行为中,符合《公司法》规定的是

A.甲将公司的部分资金以个人名义开设了一个账户,以备公司不时之需

B.乙挪用公司资金做慈善事业,后又归还

C.丙擅自用公司资金为另一个公司提供担保

D.丁提议召开临时股东会,讨论公司财务管理问题

11.合伙人发生下列哪项事由,其他合伙人可以决议将其开除退伙?

A.被宣告为无民事行为能力人

B.丧失个人偿债能力

C.死亡

D.执行合伙事务时有不正当行为

12.3月1日,债权人甲公司向人民法院提出宣告乙公司破产的申请。人民法院通知乙公司的期限为自收到破产申请之日起

A.3日内 B.5日内

C.7日内 D.15日内

13.甲签发一张经付款人戊承兑了的汇票给乙。甲在汇票上记载了“不得转让”字样。后乙将汇票背书转让给丙,丙又将汇票背书转让给丁。下列判断正确的是

A.丁对甲、乙、丙、戊都不能主张票据权利

B.丁只能对甲主张票据权利

C.丁只能对丙主张票据权利

D.丁只能对戊主张票据权利

14.下列情形中,投保人对被保险人不具有保险利益的是

A.甲为其女友投保意外伤害保险 B.乙为其雇员投保意外伤害保险

C.丙为其母投保意外伤害保险 D.丁为其妻投保意外伤害保险

15.根据我国《海商法》,船舶优先权应当自该权利产生之日起几年内行使?

A.1年 B.2年

C.3年 D.6年

16.关于股东代表诉讼制度的特征,下列说法正确的是

A.救济对象是股东的个人利益

B.股东依据的实体意义上的诉权属于公司

C.公司是股东代表诉讼的被告

D.诉讼后果由股东承担

17.甲公司分立为乙公司和丙公司。甲公司分立前尚欠丁公司300万元的债务,但未与丁公司达成债务清偿协议。则该债务应当由

A.乙公司承担 B.丙公司承担

C.乙公司和丙公司承担按份责任 D.乙公司和丙公司承担连带责任

18.某银行在一张商业汇票的承兑栏签署的文句是:“如合同有效,同意承兑”。该银行的承兑违反了

A.自由承兑原则 B.完全承兑原则

C.单纯承兑原则 D.绝对承兑原则

19.江某以自己为被保险人与保险公司订立了一份人寿保险合同。合同成立两年后,江某因家庭琐事与其妻发生争执后跳楼自杀。下列说法正确的是

A.保险公司应当给付保险金

B.保险公司应拒绝赔偿保险金,但退还保险单的现金价值

C.保险公司应拒绝赔偿保险金,但全额退还保险费

D.保险公司应拒绝赔偿保险金,但部分退还保险费

20.下列关于股票和公司债券的法律特征的表述中,错误的是

A.股票和公司债券都属于有价证券

B.发行股票和发行公司债券有不同的法律要求

C.公司债券持有人在公司破产时,优先于股票持有人得到清偿

D.公司债券持有人和股票持有人均与公司之间形成债权债务关系

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂、少涂或未涂均无分。

21.张某是甲家具有限责任公司的总经理,其违反公司章程的规定,兼任乙家具公司董事长。张某代表乙公司与甲家具有限责任公司的老客户签订了一系列的家具销售合同,使得甲公司遭受经济损失150万元,张某从中获得酬劳10万元。下列判断正确的有

A.张某应当对甲公司的损失承担赔偿责任

B.张某获得的10万元酬劳应归甲公司所有

C.张某的行为受甲公司章程的约束

D.张某为乙公司所签的销售合同无效

E.在甲公司董事会和监事会拒绝的情况下,甲公司股东可以张某为被告提起诉讼

22.人民法院于6月19日受理了债务人昊天公司的破产申请。下列情形中,不构成个别清偿的有

A.昊天公司于207月3日对某一债权人实施的清偿

B.担保人甲公司于年7月3日对某一债权人实施的清偿

C.连带债务人乙公司于2010年7月3日对某一债权人实施的清偿

D.昊天公司于2010年3月10日对某一债权人实施的清偿

E.担保人甲公司于2010年3月10日对某一债权人实施的清偿

23.关于外资企业法律特征的表述,正确的有

A.由中国投资者和外国投资者共同出资设立

B.组织形式为有限责任公司

C.在中国境内设立

D.是外国法人

E.变更企业名称须报审批机关批准

24.钱某投保健康保险时,故意隐瞒了突发脑溢血的既往病史。保险合同成立两年后,钱某因脑溢血病逝。下列说法正确的是

A.保险公司有权解除保险合同 B.保险公司无权解除保险合同

C.保险公司赔偿保险金 D.保险公司应退还保险费

E.保险公司应退还保险单的现金价值

25.下列违法行为中,需要承担证券民事责任的有

A.发行人在证券发行过程中对重大事件作违背事实真相的虚假记载

B.证券投资者通过合谋集中资金优势操纵证券交易价格

C.内幕人员获取尚未公开且对证券交易价格有影响的内幕信息并建议他人买卖证券

D.证券公司违背客户的委托为其买卖证券

E.证券监管机构人员在证券监管活动中从事违法行为

非选择题部分

注意事项:

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。

三、名词解释(本大题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)

26.公司合并

27.票据追索权

28.保险利益

29.船舶碰撞

30.证券上市

四、简答题(本大题共4小题,每小题6分,共24分)

31.简述公司股东权的特征。

32.简述个人独资企业的特征。

33.简述支票的特征。

34.简述海难救助的构成要件。

五、案例分析题(本大题共3小题,共31分)

35.(本题9分)某人民法院受理了甲公司的破产申请。经查明,甲公司尚有价值110万元的财产,并有如下债务和费用:(1)未到期的普通债务20万元;(2)已到期的普通债务80万元;(3)所欠税款20万元;(4)职工工资50万元;(5)破产费用20万元。

问:(1)未到期的债务应当如何处理?为什么?

(2)上述债务或费用的清偿顺序如何?为什么?

36.(本题9分)秦某和薛某恋爱多年,感情稳定。2010年2月14日,秦某买了一份保额为10万元的人身意外伤害险。保险合同上约定:被保险人是秦某,受益人是薛某。2010年3月5日,秦某驾车与薛某到郊区游玩,汽车失控坠入山崖,秦某和薛某不幸身亡。无法确定秦某和薛莱死亡的先后顺序。

问:(1)应当推定秦某和薛某谁死亡在先?为什么?

(2)保险公司应当向谁履行给付保险金的义务?为什么?

37.(本题13分)甲、乙、丙、丁4人约定共同出资100万元设立一家有限责任公司,其中甲以土地使用权作价50万元出资,乙以专利权作价30万元出资,丙和丁分别以现金10万元出资。甲为公司的执行董事、法定代表人,乙为公司的监事兼经理。此后,甲将土地交付公司使用,但一直未办理土地使用权变更登记手续,乙、丙、丁按期履行了出资义务。公司于3月15日领取了营业执照,204月1日正式挂牌

经营。

问:(1)甲的出资行为是否合法?为什么?

(2)该公司组织机构的设置是否合法?为什么?

(3)该公司于何时成立?为什么?

篇6:上半年高等教育自学考试全国考试英语(一)试题

part one i. vocabulary and structure (10 points, 1 point for each)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find _________difficult to succeed in language learning. [a]them [b]themselves [c]it [d]itself

2.television ads are short, but they are repeated over and over again ________the audience sees and hears them many times. [a]in that [b]so that [c]as to [d]so as

3. the atlantic ocean is only half as big as the pacific, _______it is still very large. [a]but [b]and [c]so [d]therefore

4.no one has been able to prove that fish is _____ better for the brain than many other kinds of food. [a]some [b]so [c]as [d]any

5. tomatoes were once called love apples and were supposed to make those who ate them ____in love. [a]fell [b]feel [c]fall [d]felt

6.washing food down with water as a ________for chewing is not a good habit. [a]direction [b]substitute [c]possibility [d]resource

7. it is important to realize that the same technology _______helps us may also harm us. [a]as [b]that [c]what [d]when

8.science began to develop rapidly when man laid _______his wrong beliefs and began to seek true explanations. [a]out [b]down [c]aside [d]outside

9.remember,nothing hurts concentration __________reading too slowly. [a]rather than [b]as well as [c]more than [d]instead of

10. more and more people are realizing that there is a ________between heart disease and the way one lives. [a]correspondence [b]comparison [c]connection [d]consequence

ii. cloze test (10 points,1point for each)

下列短文有十个空白,每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案,并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess, if they are properly used. if fire did not hurt when it burnt, children would play with it __11___their hands were burnt away, ___12____,if pain existed but fear did not, a child would burn itself again and again, because fear would not __13___it to keep away from the fire that had burnt it before. fear and pain are there fore two guards ___14___which men and animals might soon die out. in the first sentence we suggest that fear ought to be properly used. if ,____15_______,you never go out of your house ___16_____of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car, you are letting fear rule you too ___17____. even in your house you are not absolutely ___18____:an airplane may crash on your house or you may get cancer!

the important thing is not to let fear rule you, but ____19______to use fear as your servant and guide. fear will warn you of dangers; ____20____you have to decide what action to take.

11.[a]because [b]if [c]though [d]until 12.[a]generally [b]probably [c]similarly [d]consequently 13.[a]warn [b]request [c]manage [d]protect 14.[a]with [b]without [c]for [d]against 15.[a]after all [b]by chance [c]for example [d]in fact 16.[a]regardless [b]because [c]in terms [d]in front 17.[a]little [b]more [c]many [d]much 18.[a]firm [b]calm [c]safe [d]strong 19.[a]instead [b]better [c]similarly [d]further 20.[a]then [b]otherwise [c]likewise [d]even

iii. reading comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each)

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

passage one questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

the problem of leisure is new. until very recent times people worked each day to the limit of their strength. of course there were always a privileged (有特权的)few who had leisure; but most men had to work 12, 14, or even 16 hours a day, six days a week. as late as 1840 the average factory worker labored 72 hours a week. “sunup to sundown” was the farmer's day, or as another phrase puts it, “from can to can't.”today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy more leisure time. hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or old. it is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find interesting and worthwhile ways to use it . however short the work week becomes, work is still the most important part of life. we do not work to get leisure and the pleasures leisure brings us; rather, we use leisure wisely so that work itself can become awarding and enjoyable. the feeling of success at doing one's daily work-whether it is a job, maintaining a home, or going to school-depends largely on coming to it each day with fresh energy and active interest. leisure and recreation (消遗)go together, though they are not necessarily the same thing. “recreation” has and obvious meaning. it is the kind of leisure activity that brings “re-creation” of strength and spirit. when one speaks of making good use of leisure, he means choosing recreational activities which contribute to health, growth, and spirit.

21. the phrase “from can to can't” in paragraph 1 means ________. [a]from beginning to end [b]from birth to death [c]from morning to night [d]from time to time

22.how to spend leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem for people _______. [a]who are very busy everyday [b]who are sick in bed [c]who are aged and in good health [d]who have retired from work

23.how does the author look at work and leisure?

[a]we work hard so that we can enjoy more leisure. [b]we enjoy leisure so that we can come back to work with fresh energy. [c]leisure can bring us a lot of pleasures that work can not. [d]the success of work has little to do with how we spend our leisure time.

24. what is the relationship between leisure and recreation, according to the author?

[a]leisure and recreation are closely related. [b]leisure and recreation are identical. [c]recreation covers all kinds of leisure activities. [d]recreation does not belong to any leisure activity.

25. from the passage we know that __________. [a]leisure has been an old problem since ancient times [b]leisure can not be replaced as the most important part of life [c]our success in work is mostly determined by whether we use leisure wisely [d]good recreational activities contribute greatly to health, growth and spirit

passage two questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

each nation has its own peculiar character which distinguishes it from others. but the peoples of the world have more points in common than points in which they differ. one type of person that is common in every country is the one who always tries to do as little as possible and to get as much as possible in return. his opposite, the man who is in the habit of doing more than is strictly necessary and who is ready to accept what is offered in return, is rare everywhere. both these types are usually unconscious of their character. the man who avoids effort is always talking about his “rights”: he appears to think that society owes him a pleasant, easy life. the man who is always doing more than his share talks of “duties”: he feels that the individual is in debt to society, and not society to the individual. as a result of their views, neither of these men thinks that he behaves at all strangely. the man who tries to do as little as he can is always full of excuses: if he has neglected to do something, it was because he had a headache, or the weather was too hot -or too cold- or because he was prevented by bad luck. at first, other people, such as his friends and his employer, generously accept his stories; but soon they realize what kind of person he is .in the long run he deceives only himself. when his friends become cool towards him and he fails to make progress in his job, he is surprised and hurt. he blames everyone and everything except himself. he feels that society is failing in its duties towards him, and that he is being unjustly treated.

26.the central idea of paragraph 1 is that __________. [a]each nation is peculiar enough to enable us to distinguish it from others [b]the peoples of the world are as alike as they are different [c]the peoples of the world have more similarities than differences [d]those who do more than is strictly necessary are common in every country

27. according to paragraph 1, the man who does more than is required __________. [a]is ready to accept what the society offers him [b]expects nothing in return for his work [c]feels that he is under heavy debt [d]thinks this makes his life easy

28.those who try to do as little as possible __________. [a]envy others' good luck [b]are good story-tellers [c]supply false reasons for their lack of responsibility [d]think that their opposites owe them a pleasant life

29. the phrase “in the long run”(paragraph 3)is closest in meaning to “___________”。

[a]in practice [b]in the end [c]in effect [d]in no time

30.it can be inferred from the passage that people who cheat _________. [a]will be unjustly treated [b]will cheat only themselves eventually [c]will change their behavior [d]will get surprised by their own stories

passage three questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

the government may control prices when where is a problem such as rapidly increasing rents or a rise in the cost of living. when the government controls prices, there is no longer a normal relationship between the price of a product and the quantity consumers will buy. government controls may help in an emergency (紧急情况)。however, some economists believe that controls can have negative effects over a long period of time. in cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord (房主)can charge for an apartment. supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. however, the critics (批评者) say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. they do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent -controlled. as a result, new apartments are not built. many people who need apartments cannot find any. according to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city. economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about rent control, price control and the minimum wage. the predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal. economists do not agree on some of the predictions. they also do not agree on the value of different decisions. some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.

31.accirdubg to paragraph 1, price control ____________. [a]does more harm than good [b]is good in every sense [c]is necessary but harmful in the long term [d]should be avoided

32.it can be inferred from paragraph 2 that ________. [a]thanks to rent control, it would be easier for many to find apartments [b]landlords may take back their apartments if the rent is too low [c]the tighter the rent control is, the less new apartments will be built [d]landlords will not invest in other businesses after price control is approved by the government

33.which of the following do all economists agree on ?

[a]controls can have negative effects over a long period of time. [b]the government must take measures to control rent increase. [c]the maximum rent system protects people who don't have their own houses. [d]economic questions are difficult to deal with.

34.the attitude of the author to price control is ________. [a]subjective [b]objective [c]indifferent [d]supportive

35. the purpose of this passage is to ________. [a]argue [b]persuade [c]analyze [d]describe

part two iv. word spelling (10 points, 1 point for two words)

将下列汉语单词不达意译成英语并写在答题纸上。每个词的词类和第一个字母已在答题纸上给出。首字母后的每条短线上只写一个字母。

36、广场37、珍贵的38、口袋39、假装40、各种各样的41、挑战42、完美的43、想象44、包含45、心脏46、直径47、海滩48、诚实的49、坚持50、法官;裁判员51、最少的52、信息;口信53、省略54、律师55、操作

v. word form (10 points, 1 point for each)

将括号中的各词变为适当形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56. sometimes information in the long-term memory____________(be ) hard to remember.

57. in the 1600's, travelers from europe __________(bring) back diamonds from india.

58. insurance fundamentals can ______(understand) by those willing to study them.

59. he wanted the letter ________(mail) at once.

60. we become used to _________(see) blood on the news on television, or in full color in newspapers and magazines.

61.as a generally __________(accept) medium of exchange, money rules out the need for the direct exchange of one item for another.

62. almost everyone spends a considerable amount of present moments ____________(worry) about the future.

63. out region _______(make) great advances over the past ten years.

64. well-organized material is __________(well) remembered than jumbled information.

65. if we __________(not have) air, there would be no sound.

vi. translation from chinese into english (15 points, 3points for each)

将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66、对初学者来说, 用英语思维比说英语更难。

67、据说有些吃鹿肉的原始人能跑得象鹿一样飞快。

68、要是昨天他早一点回到家,他的女儿就不会把他的手表拆了。

69、要找到与你观点相同的学生并不容易。

70、在你的朋友中有多少人从来未犯过法呢?

vii. translation from english into chinese (15 points)

将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

many of the plants and animals from which our food comes can produce themselves quite well without our help. fish, for example, live and breed according to their own life pattern. human “producers” then come with nets and fishing poles to take the fish from the water. in our specialized world, however, it is not always possible to let our food grow in its own way. a relatively small number of people are responsible for producing large quantities of food. in order to perform such a function effectively, it is necessary for them to raise cattle and grow crops in a fairly concentrated area. fishing, livestock(家畜)breeding, and fruit, vegetable, and grain growing are among the more commonly known food-production industries.

篇7:全国1月高等教育自学考试英语(一)试题

1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语(一) 试卷

(课程代码0363)

PART ONE (50 POINTS)

1.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,l point each)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.Every month he sets_____a sum of money for old age.

A.apart B.aside C.in D.up

2.We finally_____an agreement after a lot of hard bargaining.

A.arrived B.decided C.observed D.reached

3.The factory has increased its_____by l2 percent this year.

A.product B.output C.goods D.quantity

4.Charlie had his height and weight_____his favor in the boxing match.

A.to B.for C.in D.as

5.If you don’t know how to spell a word,look it_____in the dictionary.

A.after B.for C.out D.up

6.Jane doesn’t eat fish._____.

A.So doesn’t John B.John doesn’t,too C.Neither does John D.Nor doesn’t John 7._____from your hometown to New York!

A.How long there is B. What distance is there

C.How long is it D.What a long way it is

8.She_____be American because she’s got a British passport.

A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.isn’t able to

9.Doctors recommend that fathers present at their baby’s birth.

A.be B.ought to be C.might be D.have been

10.I'm sorry to_____you while you’re working,but I've got a question to ask you. ・

A.distress B.bother C.disrupt D.interfere

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 points,1 point each)

下面的短文中有十个空白,每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案,并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation? In one sense,there are as many different kinds of English__11__there are speakers of it.No two speakers speak in exactly the same__12__. We hear different forms of English,and the pronunciation of English__13__a great deal in different geographical areas.How do we decide what sort of English to use as a model? This is not a question that can be__14__in the same way for all foreign learners of English. ___15__you live in a part of the world like India or West Africa,where there is a long___16__0f speaking English for general communication purposes,you may___17__a good variety of the pronunciation of this area.It would be a(n) ___18___in these circumstances to use BBC English as a model.However,if you live in a country___19__there is no tradition of using English,you should choose to learn some form of native English___20__.It does not matter very much which form you choose.The most effective way is to take as your model the sort of English you can hear most often.

11.A.than B.as C.before D.when

12.A.type B.form C.sort D.way

13.A.alters B.varies C.shifts D.distinguishes

14.A.given B.responded C.satisfied D.answered

15.A.Because B.Where C.If D.Whether

16.A.history B.habit C.custom D.hobby

17.A.inquire B.enquire C.acquire D.require

18.A.fashion B.manlier C.situation D.occasion。

19.A.where B.that C.which D.wherever

20.A.communication B.grammar C.pronunciation D.vocabulary

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points each)

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

After a long journey from Quebec,Canada in l896,1 was finally in a small office in Kingston,Jamaica.Behind a long table piled with books and papers sat an old man,Mr.Campbell,my new employer and the owner of The Lantern. He stared at me so long,and with such an expression of amazemem,that I became uneasy and embarrassed.And then at last a single sentence came from his lips, “My God!” It seems that he had expected a woman of the then approved type of bluestocking(女知识分子),and now a baby had been dropped into his lap!

I sat alone with that old man who stared at me as if l were some person of a strange nature.After he had almost stared me down,he began to ask me questlons.

“How old are you?”

“Seventeen.I mean―I’m going on eighteen.”Eighteen was,in fact,eleven months off.

‘‘Have you ever worked before?’’

“I’ ve written things.’’

After a silent moment,during which he glared at me more angrily than ever, he demanded:

“What have you written?”

“Potetry, ” I said, and stopped because he said again in that lost voice,‘‘My God!”

“What else?”

“I had a story published in The Star,” I said. “I’ve got it here, if you’d like to see it.”

He made a motion of definite disagreement.

“I taught myself shorthand,’’I said,‘‘and I can take dictation as fast as you can talk.”

“Not a bad idea.” And then he added,“What do you think you are going to do here?”

“Write for your paper,”I said.

“What?”he inquired curiously.

“Why-anything-poetry-”

He waved his hand in such a dismissing manner that I got up, though it was my poetry, not I, he wished to be rid of just then. I went neaner to him and said, “I know you don’t want me an I don’t want to stay. I am dory I came.”

“What about the money I paid for you to came here?”he shouted. “I’m going to lose that?”

21.Mr.Campbell had expected_____.

A.an experienced nurse B.all experienced joumalist

C.a iournalist with a baby D.a young female secretary

22.The girl tried to impress the owner of the paper with_____.

A.her experience B.her innocence C.a younger age D.an older age

23.Mr.Campbell showed some interest in the girl’s ability to_____.

A.compose poems B.write stories C.take dictation D.travel alone

24.Based on the information provided in the passage,Mr.Campbell would probably _____.

A.give the girl the position B.send the girl back to America

C.ask the girl to show him her poems D.publish the girl’s poems and stones

25.On the whole,Mr.Campbell was_____.

A.pleased with his new employee B.amazed by the girl’S literary talent

C.dissatisfied with the girl’S experience D.angry with the rude manner of the girl

Passage Two

Questions 26 t030 are based on the following passage.

A gesture which means one thing in one country may well mean something quite different to those living in another.The ring gesture,where you form an “O” by holding me tip of your forefinger to the tip of your thumb,means in Britain that you think something is good.Take a trip to France,and you may fail to impress your French host when you use it to tell him your opinion of his new car, for in France it means zero or worthless.Travel further south and you are in even greater trouble,for in Tunisia it means “I’ll kill you!” Similar problems occur on the other side of the Atlantic.Although in the US the ring gesture has the same meaning as in Britain,it is used as an insult in Latin America.Unfortunately former US President Richard Nixon was unaware of this.Landing on a visit to one South American country he came out of the aircraft with both hands held high showing the ring gesture.Having just been told to go to hell by their visitor,his hosts gave the puzzled President a somewhat frosty reception.Had he used the same gesture in Japan,his hosts would have been puzzled,for it means money there.

Try to avoid these misunderstandings by using another gesture to indicate that you think something is good and you may still find yourself in trouble.In Britain and the US the thumbs―up sign is used when you think something is good, but elsewhere,as in Sardinia,it is an insult.In Britain the gesture is also used for hitch―hiking.But if you attempt using it to request a lift from a passing motorist in Greece or Italy,you had better stand well back from the edge of the road.It is quite likely that he will knock you down,for in Greece it is an insult.

Pulling down the lower lid of your eye with one finger is usually used to indicate alertness.In France and Greece it means much the same as“My eye!” in England,meaning “Don’t you think I can see it?”In Spain and Italy it is also related to being alert,but there it is used as a warning:“Keep your eyes open.“In South America,it means you think that a woman is “eyeful,”very attractive.

26.The passage mainly discusses_____.

A.the benefits of using gestures B.how gestures came into being

C.the problems in using gestures D.how to avoid using gestures

27.If an Englishman uses the ring gesture,he will be correctly understood in_____.

A.France B.Tunisia C.the US D.Japan

28.Richard Nixon used the ring gesture in the South American country as a sign of_____.

A.insult B.criticism C.hospitality D.appreciation

29.You can ask for a lift by using the thumbs-up sign in_____.

A.Britain B.Sardinia C.Greece D.Italy

30.If you want to express your appreciation of a woman,you can_____.

A.use the ring gesture in Italy

B.use the ring gesture in France

C.pull down your lower eye lid in Greece

D.pull down your lower eye lid in South America

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

His face is close to the bathroom mirror,getting ready to pop a pimple(粉刺).“I told you not to do that,”I warn him. “It’ll leave scars on your face.” He doesn't say anything.No matter how much l warn him,that pimple still has to go.

“Did you call your mother back last night?’’I ask,trying to change the subject.He nods,still concentrating on the pimple.I lean on the side of the door, hoping he’ll give me more details about his conversation with his mother.who lives in Korea.

I’ve come a long way to get where I am today.I did pretty well in high school and attended Harvard University.We met after I moved to New York City to accept an amazing job offer.Things couldn’t have been better,and I thought that I had the perfect life―_until I found myself campaigning for his mother’s respect.

To remind him that I’m still waiting,I uncomfortably ask,“Did my name get mentioned?”He finally looks at me.‘‘Yeah―,as usual,she asked if we’d broken up yet.’’For the past three years we’ve been dating,his mother has told him repeatedly to end our relationship because‘‘there are a lot of nice Korean girls’’ she wants him to meet.She complains that I have a career and that I had my own place.She detects flaws everywhere.

I have a career because I want to fulfill my dreams、not because I dislike raising a family.I got my own place because my job required me to move,not because I hated my family.As a Filipino―American born in the Philippines and raised in America,I haven’t forgotten the importance of family values and traditions.

Still concentrating on the pimple,he doesn’t notice how depressed I have become.I feel as if l’d become the pimple,only I’m receiving less attention each day.I walk quietly back to the bedroom and start packing my things.I loosen the beautiful ring on my finger and leave it on top of the bureau(梳妆台).I walk past the bathroom and out the door, locking it behind me.

31.The Korean mother dislikes the author mainly because she_____.

A.does not respect the mother B.does not have a well paid job

C.has not attended a good university D.is not a traditional Korean girl

32.“I got my own place’’(para.5)implies that the author_____.

A.was a respectable figure B.didn’t live with her parents

C.was not a successful girl D.didn’t live with her boyfriend

33.Which of the following is true?

A.The author hates her boyfriend’S mother.

B.The boyfriend dislikes her independence.

C.The boyfriend is in love with a Korean girl.

D.The author is a successful career woman.

34.The sentence omitted at the end of the story might be_____.

A.All of a sudden,I feel free. B.What on earth can I do?

C.I will come back some day. D.At last,I got rid of him.

35.The word that best describes the author is_____.

A.radical B.independent C.dependent D.old-fashioned

PART TWO (50 POINTS)

Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two words)

将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.修订 v. r _ _ _ _ _ 37.爵士乐船 n. j _ _ _

38.第九 num. n _ _ _ _ 39.放弃;辞职v. q _ _ _

40.否认;否定 v. d _ _ _ 41.逮捕v. a _ _ _ _ _

42.山峰;项点 n. p _ _ _ 43.出现;涌现v. e _ _ _ _ _

44.美德;优点 n. v _ _ _ _ _ 45.目标;对象n. t _ _ _ _ _

46.理想的,完美的a. i _ _ _ _ 47.密集的a. d _ _ _ _

48.地平线;眼界 n. h _ _ _ _ _ _ 49.反对;使对抗v. o _ _ _ _ _

50.着手做;从事 v. u _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.年长的;上级a. n.s _ _ _ _ _

52.感激的,感谢的 a. g _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 53.变长;使延长v.1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _

54.在更远处;远于ad.prep. b _ _ _ _ _ 55.成熟的;使成熟a.v.m _ _ _ _ _

V. Word Form (10 points,1 point each)

将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56.He had a _____(youth) appearance even in his middle age.\\

57.His work is a _____(mix) of photography and painting.

58.The university welcomes _____(apply) from overseas students.

59.The group is made up of local _____(music) who have been performing together for years.

60.She comes from a _____(wealth) family, who own houses in London and Paris.

61.Lots of people in urban areas are now concerned about the quality of the air they_____ (breath).

62.Traveling allows young people to _____ (deep) their understanding of other cultures.

63.Recent developments in computer aided design have _____(able) us to produce more cost―effective magazines.

64.The Internet has opened up a marketplace where sellers and buyers are virtually _____ (know) to each other.

65.Sixty percent of voters supported the proposal and said they would _____ (willing) pay higher taxes for better health care.

Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points,3 points each)

将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.我要是早点动身就赶上火车了。

67.这项任务比预期的要难得多。

68.他们谈论的这位足球运动员是美国人。

69.事实证明,父母的行为对其子女有很深的影响。

70.他这人缺点很多,但责任心很强。

Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)

将下面的短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Withholding feelings,that is,keeping them inside and not giving any verbal or nonverbal clues to their exstence,iS generally an inappropriate means of dealing with feelings.Psychologists believe that when people withhold feelings,they Can develop physical problems such as cancers,high blood pressure,heart disease and psychological problems.Moreover, people who withhold feelings are often regarded as cold,unsociable,and not much fun to be around.However, there are occasions where withholding is appropriate.When a situation is unimportant,you may well choose to withhold your feelings.For instance,a stranger’s inconsiderate behavior at a party may annoy you,but as you can move to another part of the room,withholding your feelings might be a way out.

篇8:全国1月自学考试综合英语(一)试题

II.阅读理解。认真阅读下列两篇短文,每篇短文后有5个问题,根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在“答题纸”上将所选答案的字母涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。(本大题共1 0小题,每小题2分,共20分)

Passage One

The Great Fire of London started in the very early hours of September 1666. In four days it destroyed more than three-quarters of the old city, where most of the houses were wooden and close together. One hundred thousand people became homeless, but only a few lost their lives.

The fire started on Sunday morning in the house of the King’s baker(面包师) in Pudding Lane. The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof. A strong wind blew the fire from the bakery (面包房) into a small hotel next door. Then it spread quickly into Thames Street. That was the eginning.

By eight o’clock three hundred houses were on fire. On Monday nearly a kilometer of the city was burning along the River Thames. Tuesday was the worst day. The fire destroyed many well-known buildings, old St Paul’s and the Guildhall were among them.

Samuel Pepys, the famous writer, wrote about the fire. People threw their things into the river. Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment. Birds fell out of the air because of the heat.

The fire stopped only when the King finally ordered people to destroy hundreds of buildings in the paths of the fire. With nothing left to burn , the fire became weak and finally died out.

After the fire, Christopher Wren ,the architect , wanted a city with wider streets and fine new houses of stone. In fact, the streets are still narrow, but he did build more than fifty churches, and the new St Paul’s is among them.

The fire caused great pain and loss, but after it London was a better place : a city for the future and not just of the past.

21. The fire began in ____.

A. a hotel B. the palace

C. Pudding Lane D. Thames Street

22. The underlined word “family” in the second paragraph means _____.

A. home B. children

C. wife and husband D. wife and children

23. It seems that the writer of the text was most sorry for the fact that______.

A. some people lost their lives B. the birds in the sky were killed by the fire

C. many famous buildings were destroyed D. the King’s bakery was burned down

24. Why did the writer cite (引用)Samuel Pepys ?

A. Because Pepys was among those putting out the fire.

B. Because Pepys also wrote about the fire.

C. To show that poor people suffered most.

D. To give the reader a clearer picture of the fire.

25. How was the fire put out according to the text?

A. The King and his soldiers came to help.

B. All the wooden houses in the city were destroyed.

C. People managed to get enough water from the river.

D. Houses standing in the direction of the fire were pulled down.

Passage Two

Many people who work in London prefer to live outside of it and to go into their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.

One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.

Then, in the country one can rest from the noise and hurry of the town. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings. One can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes gardens, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has the reward( 回报,奖赏) of one who has shared the secret of Nature.

Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional (偶尔的) walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night.

26. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. People who like country things prefer to live outside the city.

B. People who work in London prefer to live in the country.

C. Because of certain disadvantages of living outside London, some people who work in London prefer to live inside London.

D. Because of certain advantages of living outside London, many people who work in London prefer to live outside London.

27. One can use the same money for _____ to buy a little house with a garden in the country.

A. getting a small flat with a garden

B. having a small flat with a garden

C. renting a small flat without a garden

D. buying a small flat without a garden

28. When the flowers and vegetables in the garden come up, those ____ have the reward of one who has shared the secret of Nature.

A. who live in the country

B. who have spent time working in the garden

C. who have a garden of their own

D. who have been digging, planting and watering

29.People who think happiness lies in the town would feel that ____ if they had to live it outside London.

A. their life was meaningless B. their life was invaluable

C. they didn’tdeserve a happy life D. they were not worthy of their happy life

30. The underlined word “rest” in the last paragraph refers to _____.

A. the rest time B. the rest people

C. the rest of the country D. the rest of the parks and of the sea

篇9:全国1月自学考试综合英语(一)试题

非选择题部分

注意事项:

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。

III.标音。用国际音标标出下列单词中划线字母或字母组合的读音。(本大题共20小题,

每小题0.5分,共10分)(注意:使用新式或老式音标均可)

31. feel 32. star

33. thanks 34. massage

35. stood 36. marsh

37. publish 38.July

39. about 40. toy

41. merely 42. compare

43. voung 44. where

45. new 46. find

47. chair 48. bird

49. trust 50. driver

IV.完形填空。(本大题共20小题,每小题0.5分,共10分)

A.从下列单词中选择恰当的词填空,每个词只能用一次。

medicineownershospitalswaysto

illzoooperateinterestedcalled

Do you have a pet? Are you 51 in taking care of animals? Girls and boys who like animals may want to study to be animal doctors. They are often 52 “vets ”. Many of them work in animal 53 . Others may work on farms or at a 54 . Some study animal diseases and try to find 55 to keep the animals from getting 56 . They do studies in 57 for animals. Vets listen to an animal’s heart. They check its ears, eyes, mouth and blood. They 58 on animals when they need 59 . They may give the animals shots(注射) and tell the pets’ 60 what food is best.

B.根据课文的内容在每个空白处填入一个恰当的词。

So at about eleven every night when he sat down for his 61 , I would come out of the kitchen and sit down 62 to him and read articles from the front page of the 63 .

When I ran into a word I didn’tknow (and I didn’tknow half of the article, because any word 64 than a couple of syllables gave me trouble) he explained the 65 of the word and gave me the 66 .Then he’d send me 67 . to the sentences so I could understand the word in 68 . Then I would take the paper away with me, armed now with the meaning of those words, and reread and reread the article 69 that the meaning of those words would get_ 70 into my memory. Every evening we did that.

V.根据所学课文内容完成下列句子。(本大题共1 0小题,每小题2分,共20分)

71.Special Agent X came to the cabin to .

72. Even though the man in “Love of Life” was saved and had enough to eat, he still hid food

because he __________.

73. We shouldn’tbe bound by the dictionary in choosing our words because _______.

74. In the story of “Hobbyist”, the druggist makes money by ___________.

75. In the story of “Little Things Are Big”, the author _______ to the white lady because he’s afraid of being misunderstood.

76. Dr. Applebaum’s recent study on the efforts of television on children is about ______.

77. After Mr. Budd helped the police to catch the murderer, many ladies came to his shop to____.

78. According to the author of “Another School Year---What For?” the first course in any science is essentially a history course because ________.

79. From the day the boy called her fat, Lois was committed to ________.

80. According to the writer, the “Deposits” in the “Emotional Band Account” are: Cultivate Kindness, Apologize, Learn Loyalty, ______and Forgive.

Ⅵ.句子翻译。将下列句子译成英语,译文写在答题纸上。(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)

81.那似乎是最好的选择。

82.那音乐优美动听。

83.我父亲从不吸烟。

84.他不记得把钥匙放哪儿了。

85.我记得几年前见过此人。

86.她感觉到梯子在晃动。

87.这篇文章让我思考起来。

88.你们每人可以带三本书回家。

89.知道自己的弱点是很重要的。

90.世界上有五分之一的人说汉语。

篇10:全国1月高等教育自学考试中国文化概论试题

全国1月高等教育自学考试中国文化概论试题

一、填空题(每空1分,共10分)

1.文化内涵指不属于狭义文化的事物中所具有的______________.

2.尧舜时代著名的故事就是”______________“,这是把天下交给贤人的远古的帝位的传递方式。

3.唐朝著名诗人杜牧在《______________》中描述了秦王朝统治者大兴土木的情景。

4.《神灭论》的作者是南北朝时候著名的无神论哲学家______________.

5.明朝有两部著名的农书,分别是徐光启的《农政全书》与宋应星的《______________》。

6.贸易古称”______________“,原指交易、专卖。

7.我国古代法律制度是以______________作为立法的指导思想的。

8.《楚辞》最突出的艺术成就是其______________手法的运用。

9.对联是由古代的”______________“演变而来的。

10.二十世纪的二十年代,中国文化界开始出现”现代新儒学“思潮,代表人物是______________、熊十力。

二、判断题(判断下列各题,正确的'在题后括号内打”√“,错的打”w“.每小题1分,共10分)

1.文化的两个层次为上层文化和下层文化。

2.我国古代燕齐地区盛行神仙崇拜,这与其海洋环境有关。()

3.分封制是从夏商时代就开始实施的。()

4.”四书“指《论语》、《孟子》、《中庸》和《大学》四部儒家经典。()

5.我国传统的市商贸易的方式就是坐商经营。()

6.我国古代的算术、代数和几何都是很发达的。()

7.道教所信奉的”太上老君“就是老子。()

8.世界上的文字分两大类:表意文字和表音文字。汉字属于表意文字。()

9.中国古代皇帝的诏令是最有权威的法律形式。()

10.宋代朱熹的学说曾推动了日本的”明治维新“.()

三、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中,选出一个正确答案,并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。每小题2分,共40分)

1.()指人类文化发展过程中呈现出的某种外部状态和联系。

A.文化事象B.文化现象

C.文化思潮D.文化内涵

2.国别文化是以()划分文化的社会依据。

A.国家B.民族

C.地域D.层次

3.中国的地势地形()。

A.向东南倾斜,呈阶梯状分布B.西高东低,呈阶梯状分布

C.西高东低,呈波浪状分布D.向东南倾斜,呈波浪状分布

4.到元明清时,我国出现了()的局面。

A.政治中心在南方,经济中心在北方

B.政治中心和经济中心都在北方

C.政治中心和经济中心都在南方

D.政治中心在北方,经济中心在南方

5.下列属于道家的观点的是()。

A.仁者,人也B.己所不欲,勿施于人

C.无为而无不为D.修身,治国,平天下

6.在中央实行”三省六部制“的朝代是()。

A.秦代B.两汉

C.魏晋D.隋唐

7.”道统“的思想是()提出的。

A.孟子B.董仲舒

C.韩愈D.白居易

8.车的发明者是()。

A.神农氏B.轩辕氏

C.伏羲氏D.有巢氏

9.下列不属于营业习俗的有()。

A.敬财神B.广告

C.唱市经销D.坐商经营

10.漏壶是我国古代用来计量()的工具。

A.时间B.长度

C.重量D.体积

11.认为自己”功高三皇,德迈五帝“而将三皇五帝合并成”皇帝“的是()。

A.周文王B.秦王赢政

C.汉武帝D.汉高祖

12.地神祭祀包括大地祭祀、()、山川祭祀等。

A.人鬼祭祀B.日月星辰祭祀

C.社稷祭祀D.人神祭祀

13.”天人合一“的专有名称是由宋代的()提出的。

A.张载B.朱熹

C.陆九渊D.程颢

14.”生亦我所欲也,义亦我所欲也,二者不可得兼,舍生而取义者也“,这是()说的。

A.孔子B.孟子

C.庄子D.老子

15.《牡丹亭》是()的作品。

A.元朝的关汉卿B.元朝的王实甫

C.明朝的汤显祖D.清朝的孔尚任

16.”金达莱“这词是从()借来的。

A.越南语B.蒙古语

C.维吾尔语D.朝鲜语

17.李清照《声声慢》中有”寻寻觅觅,冷冷清清,凄凄惨惨戚戚“,用的是()修辞方式。

A.对偶B.顶真

C.回文D.复叠

18.骈体文的全盛时代在()。

A.南北朝B.东汉

C.隋唐D.宋明

19.欧洲的耶稣会士初到中国是在()。

A.元朝B.明朝

C.清朝初年D.清朝末年

20.中国化最彻底的佛教宗派是()。

A.天台宗B.净土宗

C.禅宗D.华严宗

四、名词解释(每小题2分,共10分)

1.”天下“观念

2.”五服“

3.”周岁“礼

4.避讳

5.”综合创新论“

五、简答题(每小题5分,共10分)

1.请说出”清初三先生“的姓名及其主要著作。

2.简答古代印刷术的发明过程及其影响。

六、论述题(每小题10分,共20分)

1.简述中国传统的思维模式及其特征。

2.简述科举制对中国传统文化的制约和局限。

篇11:全国10月高等教育自学考试中国文化概论试题

全国2002年10月高等教育自学考试中国文化概论试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分)在每小题列出的四个选项中只有一个选项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。

1.进到”文化“,人们常常引用”圣人观乎天文,以察时变;观乎人文,以化成天下。“此语出自( )

A.《论语》B.《易》

C.《荀子》D.《礼记》

2.在中国文化的地理背景中,中国处于世界最大的欧亚大陆的东部,东临浩翰的( )

A.大西洋B.印度洋

C.太平洋D.北冰洋

3.地域文化形成的第一个条件是( )

A.人文环境B.地理环境

C.生活环境D.自然环境

4.重农主义是为保护小农而打击工商业的一种国家观念。我国重农主义观念起于( )

A.西周B.东周

C.汉朝D.明朝

5.中国文化的鼎盛时代是在( )

A.先秦时期B.秦汉时期

C.魏晋南北朝D.隋唐两宋

6.传说车的发明者是( )

A.黄帝B.高车部

C.鲁班D.伏羲

7.我国古代著名的法医专著《洗冤录》的成书时代是( )

A.唐代B.宋代

C.元代D.明代

8.中国传统政治制度中,将郡县制度推向全国的是( )

A.西周B.战国

C.秦朝D.唐朝

9.中国历史上第一部初具体系的封建法典是( )

A.郑国子产《刑书》B.魏国李悝《法经》

C.《秦律》D.汉《九章律》

10.中国传统的哲学观念中,提出”中庸“这一价值原则的是( )

A.老子B.庄子

C.墨子D.孔子

11.中国古代教育的总体目标集中反映在( )

A.《论语》B.《孟子》

C.《礼记・大学》D.《荀子・劝学》

12.在现代中国的56个民族中,除汉族外,有代表本民族语言的文字的少数民族达到( )

A.24个B.20个

C.16个D.12个

13.在近代否定汉字的主潮中,明确提出汉字与拼音文字优劣互补主张的学者是( )

A.章炳麟B.吴稚晖

C.鲁迅D.钱玄同

14.”五四“以后的20年代,主张”儒学复兴论“的代表人物是( )

A.贺麟和冯友兰B.梁赖溟和熊十力

C.唐君毅和牟宗三D.余英时和杜维明

15.对西方文官制度产生过很大影响的中国古代制度是( )

A.宗法制B.监察制度

C.科举制度D.法律制度

二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)在每小题列出的选项中有二至四个选项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填在题干的括号内。多选、少选、错选均无分。

16.中国古代改造利用自然的文化成就表现在( )

A.土地的开垦B.水利的兴修

C.运河的开凿D.沙漠的治理

17.秦朝统一王朝政治下,最高统治者称皇帝,其下有”三公“,即( )

A.丞相B.太尉

C.尚书D.御史大夫

18.下列选项中,体现魏晋南北朝文化大势的有( )

A.文化的动荡与混乱

B.民族大融合的”汉化“与”胡化“

C.南方的开发与新的经济文化区的出现

D.三教鼎立互相激荡

19.在中国古代科技文化瑰宝中,孙思邈编写的医学著作有( )

A.《针炙甲乙经》B.《千金要方》

C.《千金翼方》D.《伤寒杂病论》

20.下列选项中,体现中国古代法律制度以儒家伦理学说作为立法指导思想这一文化特色的有( )

A.天人合一,观物比德

B.以”三纲“为核心的封建礼教指导立法、司法

C.以德为主、德刑并用

D.引经断狱、引经注律

21.中国传统礼俗规约的特点有( )

A.等差性B.调和性

C.规范性D.唯一性

22.中华民族的传统美德有( )

A.仁爱孝梯B.谦和礼让

C.重义轻利D.真诚有信

23.下列哪些方言属于现代汉语七大方言之一( )

A.北方话B.南方话

C.客家话D.吴语

24.传统的汉字教学包括( )

A.识字教学B.写字教学

C.句子训练D.作文训练

25.下列选项中,与汉语汉字有关的民俗事象有( )

A.对联B.字谜

C.预言D.姓名

三、名词解释(本大题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)

26.广义文化

27.新石器时代

28.摊丁入亩

29.宗法制

30.语言崇拜

四、判断改错题(本大共题5小题,每小题2分,共10分)判断下列命题正误,正确的在其题干的括号内打”√“,错误的打”w\",并改正。

31.中国文化的优秀传统,是上层文化精华的'荟萃。( )

32.夏是我国第一个皇朝,时间约从公元前21世纪到公元前17世纪。( )

33.科举制是由宰相主持,以分科形式录用人才的取士制度。( )

34.语言文字的文化特征表现为:语言文字既是重要的文化事象,又是文化的载体。( )

35.汉字艺术的中和之美就是将各种变化的因素协调于一个圆圈之内,达到稳定而又不失灵活的表观形态。( )

五、简答题(本大题共5小题,每小题4分,共20分)

36.简述中国地理的整体性特征。

37.简述清朝时期文学巨大成就的代表人物及其作品。

38.简述我国传统的市商贸易活动的四种模式。

39.科举制在中国历史上的作用有哪些?

40.简述20世纪中国文化三大主要思潮。

六、论述题(本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分)

41.试论西周分封制实施的特点及其文化意义。

42.论述有中国特色社会主义文化的特征。

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