西班牙的形容词语法小结

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【简介】感谢网友“一定要瘦”参与投稿,以下是小编整理的西班牙的形容词语法小结(共16篇),仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。

篇1:西班牙的形容词语法小结

西班牙的形容词语法小结

A.1. 形容词要和名词的性数一致。

Un pantalón negro 一条黑裤子 Una falda negra一条黑裙子

Un hombre alto一位高个男子 Una mujer alta 一位高个女子

Los pantalones negros 黑色的裤子 Las faldas negras黑色的裙子

Los hombres altos 高个的男子 Las mujeres altas高个的女子

A.2. 形容词的阴性形式

A.2.1. 以 –o, -ete, -ote结尾的词,词尾o变为a:

Bueno/ buena(好),blanco/ blanca(白色的),guapo/ guapa(漂亮),largo/ larga(长),corto/ corta(短),limpio/ limpia(干净),sucio/ sucia(脏), regordete/ regordeta(矮胖的),grandote/ grandota(高大的)

A.2.2. 以 -án, -ín, -ón, -ol, -or, -és, -uz结尾的词,词尾加a:

alemán/ alemana(德国的), catalán/ catalana(加泰罗尼亚的), peque?ín/ peque?ína(小的), parlanchín/ parlanchina(饶舌的), burlón/ burlona(爱开玩笑的), comilón/ comilona(嘴馋的), chillón/ chillona(刺耳的), espa?ol/ espa?ola(西班牙的), mongol/ mongola(蒙古的), creador/ creadora(创造性的), trabajador/ trabajadora(勤劳的), hablador/ habladora(多嘴的), francés/ francesa(法国的), inglés/ inglesa(英国的), andaluz/ andaluza(安达卢西亚的)。

A.2.3. 其它结尾的词,阴阳性不变。如:

Verde(绿色的), suave(柔和的), pobre(可怜的), libre(自由的) amable(可爱的), sonriente(微笑的), israelí(以色列的), iraní(伊朗的), marroquí(摩洛哥的), hindú(印度的), manchú(满洲的)

Ideal (理想的), leal(忠实的), fiel(忠诚的), semanal(每周的), personal(个人的), liberal(自由主义的), feliz(幸福的), veloz(快速的), capaz(有能力的 ), incapaz(无能的), eficaz(有效率的), tenaz(坚韧的)

B. 形容词的单复数变化与名词相同。

B.1. 以非重读元音结尾的词加 –s .

Blanco/ blancos/ blancas , bueno/ buenos/ buenas, verde/ verdes, libre/ libres, amable/ amables

B.2. 以重读元音或辅音(包括半元音y)结尾的词加 -es.

Iraní/ iraníes, marroquí/ marroquíes, fiel/ fieles, personal/ personales, ideal/ ideales, espa?ol/ espa?oles/ espa?olas, trabajador/ trabajadores/ trabajadoras, creador/ creadores/ creadoras, comilón/ comilones/ comilonas, inglés/ ingleses/ inglesas, francés/ franceses/ francesas

B.3. 根据正字法规则,以 z 结尾的词变复数时,z 要改写为 c,

Feliz/ felices, capaz/ capaces, eficaz/ eficaces, tenaz/ tenaces

C. 形容词的位置

首先要区分形容词的两种性质: 限定性和修饰性。所谓限定性是指把一个名词所表示的概念限制在一定的范围内,如 “白马”,“黑马”,“大城市”,“小城市” 中的 “白”,“黑”,

“ 大”,“小” 就是起限定作用的,因为它把 “马” 和 “城市” 的概念缩小了。而 “我慈祥的母亲”, “美丽的巴塞罗那” 中的`形容词-“慈祥的” 和 “美丽的”-只是起修饰作用, 因为 “母亲” 和 “巴塞罗那” 的概念是固定的,不能再加以限定。汉语的形容词总是放在名词之前,而西语的形容词则根据它的性质可以放在名词的前面或后面。

C.1. 限定性形容词一般在名词后。

Un caballo blanco一匹白马, un caballo negro一匹黑马

Una ciudad grande一座大城市, una ciudad peque?a一座小城市

Un chico muy travieso 一个很淘气的男孩, una chica muy guapa一个很漂亮的女孩。

C.2. 修饰性形容词一般在名词前。

Mi bondadosa madre我慈祥的母亲

La hermosa Barcelona美丽的巴塞罗那

Su hospitalaria esposa他好客的太太

El laborioso pueblo chino勤劳的中国人民

C.3. 形容词在系动词之后,用作表语,与主语性数一致。

Este libro es bueno.这本书很好。

Esta película es muy aburrida.这部电影太枯燥了。

Hoy estás muy guapa.今天你打扮得很漂亮。

Dos personas resultan heridas.有两人受伤了。

C.4. Bueno(好)和 malo(坏)在单数阳性名词前失去词尾的 –o,但阴性的词尾不变。 而 grande(大)在单数名词前(无论阴性还是阳性)都失去词尾 -de.

un buen alumno 好学生 Hace buen día. 好天气。 una buena noticia好消息

un mal ejemplo 坏榜样 Hace mal tiempo. 坏天气。 una mala noticia坏消息

un gran personaje大人物 una gran fiesta盛大的节日

El Gran Palacio del Pueblo人民大会堂

篇2:职称英语关于语法形容词

职称英语“形容词”的语法如下:

1、形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。

2、形容词在句子中的位置:

(1)作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)

(2)作表语时放在连系动词之后。如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)

(3)作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)

(4)后置的情况:

①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如:Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)

②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如:He's 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)

附:职称英语考试经验及心得

1、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空所占分值最高(合计高达75分),放到前面来做,避免万一时间不够,可以确保先抓住大部分分数。

2、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空都是部分来自教材,放到前面来做,记忆比较深刻,答题成功率较高。

3、阅读判断放到最后,是因为本题根据经验蒙答案(具体方法后面详述)成功率可拿到全部7分中的3分,这样可以腾出时间给需要查词典即可稳拿分数的词汇题。

一、词汇篇

4、因职称英语词汇数量有限,直接查同义词词典,一般前三个义项就会有答案,平时备考的时候用用迈西英语,不仅背单词快,同时还可以学习查询同义词,对考试很有帮助。

5、教材练习不用做,把答案勾画出来,只需记住其中题目划线部分或者答案是词组的,其余不用看。词组记忆相对容易而查词典找同义词相对较困难,又因试题来自教材练习4-9题,所以必须记住教材中的词组题。教材词汇练习一共100题,其中有词组的也就20个左右,记住却对没有困难!

6、考试时看到有教材中的词组题则直接答上,其余的查词典。

二、阅读理解篇

7、熟记教材文章练习题的正确答案,重点掌握去年教材上没有的新增文章。考试时先找教材上的文章,做出来。

8、其他文章,先作考试题目中有人名、地名、国家名、数字、年代等专有名词的题职称英语考试经验及心得职称英语考试经验及心得。

9、勾画出考试题目中的关键词(一般是名词,不必认识它也不必查词典),然后到文章中找一样的关键词定位。

10、定位关键词后,对比文章中关键词附近的词或者词组,与答案选项中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。(这就像玩拼图游戏,考察你的眼力!)

11、如果你无法定位关键词,则:

11.1、如有选项为“以上X项皆是”,即为正确答案;

11.2、看四个答案选项中有无大部分相似的。如有,若意思完全相反的其中一个必是答案;若意思并非相反的则较长选项的为答案。如没有大部分相似的,则最长的选项为答案。(根据经验,这是答对概率最大的选择)

12、如果考试题目是针对文章中的某个单词的意思,那么这就相当于是一个词汇题,则同义词词典又派上用场了!

13、如果考试题目是问文章主旨(如作者的观点、替换文章标题等)的,则需要细读文章题目、每段第一句和文章最后一句,并大致搞清意思。

心得:阅读理解每题占3分,总分高达45分,是重点中的重点!不怕费时间,坚决按照上述方法答题,仔细即可保证成功率!)

三、概括大意、完成句子篇

14、概括大意(4题):先看考题要求概括哪4个段落的大意,然后分别细读该4个段落的第一句和最后一句,然后与各个选项对比,选项中大部分词或者词组与段落的第一句或最后一句中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。概括大意其实就是找文章各段落主题句,而段落主题句往往就是该段落的第一句和最后一句。

15、完成句子(4题):先勾画出每个考试题目中的关键词,然后回到文章中定位(具体方法请参考阅读理解篇及第16、17项),最后把文章中关键词附近的词和词组与各个答案选项相对比,词和词组重合最多的即为正确答案。完成句子其实就是告诉你一句话的一部分让你找另一部分。利用定位关键词找到了这句话在文章中的位置,则确定另一部分就不难了。

16、一般考试题目的顺序与文章段落的顺序大体一致,定位关键词不是难事。这就象让我在人群中找出一个陌生人很难,但是让我拿着他的照片去找就容易多了。

17、正确答案必定与问题有关,答案中的词或者词组必定出现在文中关键词的附近!

四、补全短文篇

18、先看文章中各个空格在文中所处的位置,如果在一句话的开头(即空格前面是句号),则正确答案的开头字母肯定是大写!反之肯定是小写。这样对比各个答案选项的开头字母可以缩小选择的范围。简单的语法常识可以用来缩小选择的范围,是事半功倍的利器!

19、先勾画出每个答案选项中的关键词,然后回到文章中定位(具体方法请参考阅读理解篇及第16、17项),找出文章中关键词附近的空格,把空格附近词和词组与各个答案选项相对比,词和词组重合最多的即为正确答案。补全短文其实就是告诉你一句话让你确定这句话在文中所在的位置职称英语考试经验及心得职称英语

利用定位关键词的方法找到了这句话在文章中的位置即可。

心得:和阅读理解一样,概括大意、完成句子及补全短文也都很象是拼图游戏哦,看来某种程度上讲职称英语考试考的根本不是英文能力和记忆能力,而是眼力和对比观察能力!长期参加还可以达到益智的作用哦――厚厚

五、阅读判断篇

20、最后做、蒙答案,全选A或者全选B。阅读判断放到最后做,是因为本题根据经验蒙答案成功率可拿到全部7分中的3分,这样可以腾出时间给需要查词典即可稳拿分数的词汇题。本题蒙答案成功率较高的原因是:首先本题答案选项是所有的题中最少的,只有(A正确B错误C未提及)3个,那么相应的随便蒙一个答案的正确概率最高,达到三分之一。

21、先看7个试题中有无表示绝对意义的词,如most(包括其它形式的最高级)、only、just、simply等,根据历年经验,如果试题中出现表示绝对意义的词,那么正确答案是(B错误)的可能性最大。所以如果试题中出现表示绝对意义的词,则优先选择B!

篇3:形容词和副词语法详解

形容词和副词语法详解

(一)形容词和副词概述

形容词是指那些用来描述或修饰名词(或代词)的一类词。一般放在其所修饰的名词之前。在句中用作定语、表语、补语、状语等。多数形容词具有比较等级。副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、句子以及其他副词的词。在形式上,许多副词带有后缀ly。形容词、副词是中学英语重要语法项目,也是中考重要考查内容。考查重点是:

(1)考查形容词与副词区别。形容词与副词均属修饰性词类,但因被修饰内容有所不同而具备不同的用法,中考非常注重对此进行考查,在单项选择题中出现了大量此类试题。

(2)考查“级”的范围。两个事物进行比较应使用比较级,三个或三个以上事物进行比较应使用最高级。

(3)考查比较级、最高级的注意点:①同类事物进行比较。②将主语排除在被比较的范围之外的比较,因为主语只能和他人或他物相比,而不能和自己相比。③使用最高级时应将主语包含在最高级的范围之内,否则离开这个范围,主语便不能成为这个范围中的最高级。

(4)考查比较级的重要句型。比较级有许多热点句型:from bad to worse/worse and worse(每况愈下);more and more(越来越多的,越来越……);the+比较级,the+比较级(越……越……)。

(5)考查as...as同级比较句型。

(6)考查比较级的程度修饰语。比较级的程度修饰语有:much,a 1ot,even,still,a bit,a little等。

(7)考查易混形容词与副词的区别

(二)基础知识梳理

1.形容词的用法和位置

1)形容词作表语,表明主语的性质和特征,放在连系动词之后。如:

Computers are very useful in our everyday life.

Leaves turn yellow in autumn.

2)形容词作定语,修饰名词或不定代词,通常放在名词之前,不定代词之后。如:

This is an unhealthy diet.

There is nothing important in today’s newspaper.

3)形容词作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后,与其构成复合宾语。如:

You should keep your classroom clean and tidy.

I found it difficult to get on well with the manager.

2.副词的用法和位置

1)副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,表示动作、状态的.特征或某种性质的程度。根据其用途与含义,副词可分为下列六大类:

(1)时间副词。常用的有:ago,before,now,then,soon,already,yet等。

(2)地点副词。常用的有:here,there,up,down,above,below,inside,outside等。

(3)疑问副词。常见的有:where,when,why,how等。

(4)程度副词。常见的有:very,much,so,too,quite,enough等。

(5)方式副词。多由“形容词+ly”后缀构成。如:carefully,quickly,easily,quietly等。

(6)频度副词。常用的有:always,often,sometimes,usually,hardly,never等。

2)副词在句中主要用作状语。也可充当定语、表语等。如:

It’s snowing heavily outside.(状语,修饰动词)

I have never heard such a beautiful voice.(状语,修饰动词)

unluckily, he failed in this physics exam again.(状语,修饰整个句子)

He was too excited to say a word.(状语,修饰形容词)

Class is over.(表语)

The weather here is different from that of Singapore.(定语)

3)程度副词通常位于被修饰的形容词副词之前,但enough则要放在后面。如:

It was much more freezing today than yesterday.

He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.

We got up early enough to catch the first bus.

4)频度副词通常位于行为动词之前,be动词、助动词和情态动词之后,但一般不放在句末。如:

I have never been late for class.

You must always work like that.

5)几个副词同时出现时,其顺序一般为:方式副词+地点副词+时间副词(也可位于句首)。

篇4:初中英语形容词语法讲解

初中英语形容词语法讲解

一、形容词:用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。

1、形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。

2、形容词在句子中的位置:

1)、在句子中的位置以及作用

⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)

⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后。如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)

⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)

⑷后置的情况:

①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如:Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)

②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如:He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)

2) 、多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序:

代词

数词

性状形容词

冠词前的形容词

冠词

指示代词

不定代词

代词所有格

序数词

基数词

性质

状态

大小

长短

形状

新旧

温度

颜色

国籍

产地

材料

质地

名词

all

both

such

the

a

this

another

your

second

next

one

four

good

poor

large

short

square

new

cool

black

yellow

Chinese

London

silk

stone

二、副词

1、副词:用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。

2、副词的分类(见下表):

1时间副词soon,now,early,finally,once,recently
2地点副词here,nearby,outside,upwards,above
3方式副词hard,well,fast,slowly,excitedly,really
4程度副词almost,nearly,very,fairly,quite,rather
5频度副词always,often,frequently,seldom,never
6疑问副词how,where,when,why
7连接副词how,when,where,why,whether,however,meanwhile
8关系副词when,where,why

3、副词在句子中的位置以及作用:

(1)作状语

1.时间副词:一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。如:We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城) / They have already been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次) / Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路)

2.地点副词:一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。如:There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动) / The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了)/ He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回)

3.方式副词:一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如:Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快) / Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光)

4.程度副词:修饰动词时,放在动词之前;修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面;only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如:I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了) / It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵) / She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车)

5.频度副词:一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。如:Sometimes I get up early.(我有时起得早)/ The workers usually have lunch at the factory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭) / Take this medicine twice a day.(这种药一天吃两次)

6.疑问副词:用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。如:When and where were you born?(你何时何地出生?)/ Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上?)/ How do you do?(你好!)

7.连接副词:用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题)/ That is why everyone is afraid of the tiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因) / He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事)

8.关系副词:用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。如:This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方)/ Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法)

9.其它副词:too“也”,用在句尾;also放在动词前;either “也不”,放在句尾;nor“也不”,放在句首;so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前;on/off“开/关”放在动词之后;not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前;maybe/perhaps放在句首;certainly放在句首或动词之前。如:He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了) / Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里) / --Tom doesn’t have a computer. –Nor do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。)

(2)作表语:

地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。如:I’m very sorry he isn’t in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)/ I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近了) / Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边)

(3)作定语:

时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。如:People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴) / Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子)

(4)作宾语补足语:

地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如:Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开!它们在散发着臭气。) / Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业)

[注意] “动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如:He wrote down the word.(他写下了那个词。)→He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来。)

==形容词变副词的规律

a.一般的形容词在结尾加ly变为副词。例如:careful-carefully

b.以元音加e结尾的单词要去e在加ly。例如:true-truly

c.辅音加y结尾的单词去y变i在加ly。例如:angry-angrily

d.单音节y结尾直接加ly。例如:shy-shyly

e.以le结尾的单词直接将e变为y。例如:terrible-terribly

f.形容词、副词同形:hard, fast, friendly, late, early, lovely, long。这部分请同学们注意,其中很多单词加ly之后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如:hardly就变成“几乎不”的意思,是小学阶段五大隐形否定词(few,little, never, seldom, hardly)之一。

三、形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级

1、分类:形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。

原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

2、规则变化:

(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。

a)直接加er,est:

b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est:

c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est:

(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more/most.

3、不规则变化:

原级比较级最高级
good好的better更好的best最好的
well好;(身体)好的,
bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地;(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地;(身体)最不舒服的
ill(身体)不舒服的
many许多的(可数)more更多的;更most最多的;最
much许多的(不可数);非常
little少的less更少的`least最少的
far远的;远地farther更远的;更远地farthest最远的;最远地
further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)

4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法:

(1)讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。基本句型是:

主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 + (very/too/so/quite/rather…) + 形容词/副词原级 +….

如:He is very old now.(他现在很老了) / They ran quite fast.(它们跑得相当快) / The weather looks rather bad.(天气看上去相当糟) / I am so happy!(我是如此的快乐)

☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型:

主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +….

如:He is as excited as his younger sister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋)/ Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢)/ They picked as many apples as the farmers (did).(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多)

☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型:主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物+….

如:He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋) / Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady. (莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢) / They didn’t pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). (他们摘的苹果不如农民多)

(2) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。基本句型:

主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+第二个人物(‘B’)+….

如:A modern train is much faster than a car.(现代的火车比轿车快多了) / This book didn’t cost me more than that one.(这本书花费我的钱不比那本多)

讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人物时,用比较级。句型是:

主语(‘A’) + 谓语动词 + less+ (多音节形/副)比较级 + than + 第二个人物(‘B’) +….

如:I think English is less difficult than maths.(我认为英语不比数学难)/ Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language?(你认为学外语不那么重要吗?)

(3)讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时,用最高级。句型是:

主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 +(the) +形容词/副词最高级 +in / of ….

如:The Changjiang River is the longest in China.(长江是中国最长的河流) / He jumped (the) highest of the three (boys).(三个男生中他跳得最高)

5、关于比较等级的重要注释:

1、如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词;如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。如:This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的)/ This car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的)

2、“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。如:The weather is getting warmer and warmer.(天越来越温暖了)

3、“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”。如:The more trees we plant,the better it will be.(我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好)/ The harder you try,the greater your progress is.(你越是努力,进步就越大)

4、一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/a little/even/still,而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。如:It is much colder today than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷多了)/ Would you like some more coffee?(你还要些咖啡吗?)/He did not eat any more.(他没有再吃)

5、more than / less than分别可以理解为“多于/少于”,相当于副词,more than=over; less than=under.如:I lived in New York for more than four months.(我在纽约生活了四个多月)

6、“one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。如:One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire.(最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了)

7、“Which / Who+动词+形/副,□,□or□?”句型中,如果有两个选项,形/副用比较级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。如:Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei?(林涛和韩梅谁的书最多?)/ Which is the heaviest,a pig,a horse or an elephant?(猪、马、象哪个最重?)

8、上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加the;含有all/none/no one/ every 等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。如: --Do you like the smaller one?—Neither.(小一点的那个你喜欢吗?一个都不喜欢)/ --Which do you like best? –All of them!(你最喜欢哪个?全部。)

篇5:语法教案:形容词和副词

分类说明

形容词和副词是高考中的主要考点,命题的范围常为下列情况:

形容词一般用来说明事物的性质、状态或特征,在句子中一般用作定语、表语、补足

语,有时也可作状语。

1.形容词作定语时,须注意形容词的位置。

单个形容词作定语时,一般位于所修饰的名词或代词之前;但有些形容词,如:awake,alone,asleep等表语形容词作定语时,表示长、宽、高、年龄的形容词,修饰长度单位词或年数单位词时以及修饰由some,any,every,no和body,one,thing等构成的不定代词时,一般放在所修饰词之后;也还有些形容词,如:enough,nearby等作定语时,既可位于所修饰的名词之前,也可位于所修饰的名词之后,意思不变;还有些形容词,如:proper,present,select等作定语时,位于所修饰的词的前后意思不同。

多个形容词作定语时,形容词的排列顺序为:

总括性形容词(all/both)+限制性形容词(指示代词/形容词性物主代词/冠词)+数词(序数词/基数词)+感官(描绘性)形容词+大小+形状+年龄/新旧+颜色+产地+材料+目的/用途/类别+名词或代词。

为了方便记忆:可用一句顺口溜来概括:总县(限)官,大行(形)令(龄),杀(色)国才(材),目的用途名词前。

如:all the first three good little young Chinese student writers(所有首批三位个子矮小年轻优秀的中国学生作家)

such位于不定冠词a/an之前,位于no,some,many,few,one,two等数词之后。

形容词短语作定语时,一般要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。

…如:students brave enough to take this adventure course/students busy preparing for the final exams。

2副词一般用来描述动作或修饰形容词、副词或整个句子,一般在句中作状语;但也有少数副词,如地点方位副词在句子中可作定语或表语,不过地点方位副词作定语修饰名词或代词时总是位于所修饰的名词或代词之后,如:the people u;stairs.

特别值得注意的是:the/this/that/these/those/one’s +very作定语修饰名词的情况。

3.注意同根副词的情况,如:close/closely;hard/hardy;high/highly等;

4.注意形式是副词实际上是形容词的情况,如:friendly,lively。lovely等:

5.注意副词充当连词的情况,如:immediately,directly,constantly等:

6.注意形容词、副词的比较级.最高级的形式和应用。

(1)比较级+than+名词/代词(确定名词或代词的格)

(2)比较级+and+比较级

(3)the+比较级,the+比较级

(4)(not)as/so+原级+as

(5)否定词+比较级:最高级

(6)the+比较级+n./a+比较级+n.

(7)倍数的表示:

A.数词+ times +as+原级+as

B.数词+times+比较级+than

C.数词+times +the +size/weight/length/width of

(8)最高级+in/of+范围

7.从语境人手,辨析形容词的意义和用法区别。

回放真题

真题1(甘肃、青海卷32)

People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her.________, she is a great musician.

A.After all B.As a result C.In other words D.As usual

【答案及解析】 A 选项A意为“毕竟,”表示尊重客观事实;B表示“结果”;C表示“换句话说”;D表示“像往常那样”。根据句子意思,答案选A,意思是:虽然人们对她看法不一,但“我”还是佩服她,因为她毕竟是个伟大的音乐家。

真题2(2004甘肃、青海卷33)

Lizzie was ________to see her friend off at the airport.

A.a little more than sad B.more than a little sad

C.sad more than a little D.a little more sad than

【答案及解析】 B从比较级的结构上,可看出选项C、D错误,应予以排除;根据句子的意义,选项A(与其悲伤,倒不如有一点)意思不完整;因此答案选B,more表示程度。句子的意思是:Lizzie在机场给朋友送别时有些悲伤。

真题3(2004甘肃、青海卷34)

If you can’t come tomorrow,we’ll ______have to hold the meeting next week.

A.yet B.even C.rather D.just

【答案及解析】 D选项A的意思是:然而,而又,也,还;B是:甚至;C是:相反地,更确切地,颇,相当;D是:就,正好,刚好。根据句子意思:如果你明天不能来,那么会议就推迟到下周召开。故答案选D。

真题4(2004重庆卷33)

The husband gave his wife ________every mob山in order to please her.

A.all half his income B.his half all income

C.half his all income D.all his half income

【答案及解析】 A考查多个形容词作定语的排序。总括性形容词a11/both/no要放在最前面,而half一般要放在冠词或形容词性物主代词之前。据此,答案选A。

真题5(2004广东卷24)

It is ________any wonder that his friend doesn’t like watching television much.

A.no B.such C.nearly D.hardly

【答案及解析】 D根据any可排除选项B、C;选项A与any暗含重复,no=not any/a,也应排除,故正确答案选D。

真题6(2004广东卷29)

Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always ________much to do.

A.such B.that C.more D.very

【答案及解析】 B such虽修饰名词和代词,但当代词是many,much,few,little时,应用so修饰,故排除A;根据句子的意思.不存在比较,且比较时,more与much的顺序错误,从而排除C;选项B中that=SO暗含“一种起码的量”;选项D暗含“虽然不很多,但还是有那么多”。根据句意,答案选B。

真题7(2004广东卷31)

The great success of this programme has been ________due to the support given by the local businessmen.

A.rather B.very C.quickly D.1argely

【答案及解析】 D选项A表示某种超出了人们能接受的程度;选项B只能修饰形容词或副词,而不能修饰动词;选项C表示行动的敏捷;选项D表示一个大的范围或方面。根据句子的意思,答案选D,意思是:这个项目之所以取得成功.在很大的程度上是由于当地商人的支持。

真题8(2004福建卷26)

I’d like to buy a house modern,comfortable,and __________in a quiet neighborhood.

A.in a11 B.above all C.after all D.at a11

【答案及解析】 B选项A的意思是:总计,共计;B的意思是:首先.最重要的是;C的意思是:毕竟,终究;19的意思是:根本,全然(一般用于否定句中)。根据句子的意思,答案选B。

真题9(2004福建卷29)

The number of people present at the concert was ________than expected.There were many tickets left.

A.much smaller B.much more C.much larger D.many more

【答案及解析】A根据英语表示数字的大小的习惯,排除选项B、D;根据下many tickets left的意思,答案选A。

真题10(2004辽宁卷22)

John Smith,a successful businessman,has a _________car.

A.1arge German white B.1arge white German

C.white large German D.German large white

【答案及解析】 B多个形容词作定语时的位置关系,请看分类说明中的解释(总限观,大形龄,色国材,目的用途名词前)。而large表大小,white表颜色,German表国籍。

真题11(2004浙江卷21)

The winter of 1990 was extremely bad.________ most people say it was the worst winter of their lives.

A.At last B.In fact C.In a word D.As a result

【答案及解析】 B选项A表示顺序;B表示补充事实或评价;C表示总结;D表示前面动作的结果。根据句意,答案选B。

真题12(2004浙江卷24)

________students are required to take part in the boat race.

A.Ten strong young Chinese B.Ten Chinese strong young

C.Chinese ten young strong D.Young strong ten Chinese

【答案及解析】 A多个形容词作定语的位置关系请参看前面的分类说明。ten(数词,表限制),strong(描绘性形容词,感官),young(年龄),Chinese(国籍),由此,答案选A。

真题13(2004江苏卷32)

The ________ house smells as if it hasn’t been lived in for years.

A.1ittle white wooden B.1ittle wooden white

C.white wooden little D.wooden white little

【答案及解析】 A本题考查多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序排列。答案为A。

真题14(2004广西卷29)

When we plan our vacation,mother often offers ________suggestions.

A.careful B.practical C.effective D.acceptable

【答案及解析】 B practical:切合实际的。全句意为:当我们计划我们的假日时,妈妈常提出切合实际的建议。故B为正确答案。

真题15(全国[河南、河北、山东、福建]35)

I don’t mind picking up your things from the store.________,the walk will do me good.

A.Sooner or later B.Still C.In time D.Besides

【答案及解析】D本题主要考查副词及插入语。选项A强调时间,意思是:迟早;选项B强调持续,意思是:仍然,依然;选项C意思是:及时,总有一天,终于;选项D强调事物数量的增加,意思是:而且,还有。根据句子的意思,上句说了“我不介意”,而下旬讲的是“对我有好处”,显然是指事物的另一方面,故答案选D。

真题16(全国[河南、河北、山东、福建]33)

Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ________she was getting.

A.heavier B.heavy C.the heavier D.the heaviest

【答案及解析】 A根据语境,句子暗含一个比较状语,Mary一直称体重看比前一次重多少,much修饰比较级。

真题17(2004上海卷32)

He speaks English well indeed,but of course not ________a native speaker.

A.as fluent as B.more fluent than

C.so fluently as D.much fluently than

【答案及解析】C but后是个省略句,可补充为:but of course he don’t speak _____a native speaker.由此可知,空里需要的是个能修饰动词的副词,故排除A、B。而D应该用比较级。故C为正确答案。

真题18(2004上海卷48)

In _________Chinese culture,marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children.

A.traditional B.historic C.remote D.initial

【答案及解析】 A traditional传统的;historic历史的;remote遥远的;initial最初的。由题意可知,A为正确答案。

真题19(2004上海卷51)

Most people on this island are recreational fishers,and________,fishing forms an actual part of their leisure time.

A.accidentally B.purposefully C.obviously D.formally

【答案及解析】 C accidentally偶然地;purposefully故意地;obviously明显地;formally正式地。由Most people可知,答案为C。

真题20(2004四川卷33)

I must be getting fat--I can ________d0 my trousers up.

A.fairly B.hardly C.nearly D.seldom

【答案及解析】 B此题考查副词的用法。选项B表“几乎不”;选项A意思是:相当,颇;C意思是:几乎、差不多;而D表不常做。根据前句must可知:此句表示推测,后句表示前句所推测的依据。那么,选项A、C、D均与句子意思不符。因此答案选B。意思是:我肯定发胖了,因为我的裤子几乎穿不进去了。

真题21(2004天津卷27)

Mr. Smith used to smoke ________but he has given it up.

A.seriously B.heavily C.badly D.hardly

【答案及解析】B选项A强调情况、问题的严重性或严肃性;B强调“量”多,次数频繁;C表示方式不好或情况严重;D表示程度差或次数少。根据连接词but,可排除选项A、C;再根据句意,故答案选B。

真题22(2004湖南卷27)

Everyone Was on time for the meeting _________Chris,who’s usually ten minutes late for everything.

A.but B.only C.even D.yet

【答案及解析】 C根据句子中的破折号,排除选项A;根据句子的意思,后一句是对前一句的补充,进一步强调是Everyone,因此答案选c。句子的意思是:所有的人都准时到会了--甚至连Chris这个做任何事都要迟到10分钟的人都准时来了。

真题23(2004湖南卷29)

That doesn’t sound very frightening,Paul.I’ve seen ________.What did you like most about the film?

A.better B.worse C.best D.worst

【答案及解析】B 这是一个省略句,根据上文,全句应该是:I’ve seen something ________.由此可见,本句是用形容词来修饰不定代词。上文的内容not very frightening显然是对Paul的安慰,接着提出了一个更可怕的事情,意思是:听起来,那还不很可怕,我见过更可怕的事情呢。

真题24(2004上海春季卷32)

I have worked with him for some time and have found that he is ________than John.

A.more efficiently a worker B.a more efficient worker

C.more an efficient worker D.a worker more efficiently

【答案及解析】 B修饰名词worker应用形容词,efficient的比较级是more efficient。

真题25(2004上海春季卷34)

_________,some famous scientists have the questions of being both careful and careless.

A.Strangely enough B.Enough strangely

C.Strange enough D.Enough strange

【答案及解析】 A作状语修饰句子时,用副词形式,排除c、D;enough修饰形容词、副词时,需放在所修饰的词的后面。

真题26(全国卷23)

Allen had to call a taxi because the box was ________to carry all the way home.

A.much too heavy B.too much heavy

C.heavy too much D. too heavy much

【答案及解析】A考查副词修饰形容词。much可作形容词和副词,当作副词时不可修饰原级形容词,但可修饰副词too;作为副词的too则可修饰原级形容词,即much too+形容词“实在太……;非常……”。而too much“太多;过分”可修饰不可数名词、动词或单独使用作表语,两者意义大相径庭。该句用much too修饰heavy,构成too...to结构,故选A。译文:阙为箱子太重了,Mien难以一路搬回家,所以只好租了辆出租车。

真题27(2003北京卷32)

Our neighbor has ________ours.

A.as a big house as B.as big a house as

C.the same big house as D.a house the same big as

【答案及解析】B本题考查as...as结构,前一个as是副词,用来修饰形容词;后一个as是连词,用来连接比较状语从句,其正确语序为as big a house as。另外注意:same在这里是形容词,不能修饰形容词或副词,所以C、D错误。

真题28(2003上海卷34)

We were in ________when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.

A.a rush so anxious B.a such anxious rush

C.so an anxious rush D.such an anxious rush

【答案及解析】D so和such都有“如此”的意思,但so修饰形容词,正确词序是:so anxious a rush。such修饰名词,正确词序是:such all anxious rush。

真题29(2003北京春季卷30)

--I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a ear cut in and knocked me down.

--You can never be ________careful in the street.

A.much B.very C.so D.too

【答案及解析】 D否定词not/no/never +too/enough结构表示“再怎么……也不过分”或“越……越好”。译文:在街上(骑自行车)你越小心越好。

真题30(2003北京春季卷33)

--You don’t look very ________.Are you ill?

--No,I’m just a bit tired.

A.good B.well C.strong D.healthy

【答案及解析】 B从题意看,look在这里是系动词(看上去,看起来)后应加形容词,四个选项的词性均符合,但good是指人品好坏或东西好坏;strong则表示结实、强壮,与题意不符;healthy“健康的,健壮的”;well可作形容词和副词,作形容词时表示“健康的;气色好”,用于修饰人。

真题31(2003安徽春季卷26)

Four of Robert’s children were at the party,including ________,Luke.

A.the eldest B.an oldest one C.the old D.an old one

【答案及解析】 A三者或三者以上相比较用最高级,其形式为“the+形容词最高级”。

真题32(2003上海春季卷21)

Many students signed up for the ________race in the sports meeting to be held next week.

A.800-metre-long B.800-metres-long

C.800 metre length D.800 metres length

【答案及解析】A长、宽、高及年龄等作定语修饰名词时位置可在前也可在后,在前面时要注意加连字符“.”,其中单位名词用单数,其形式为:数字一单位名称单数长、宽、高等。如放在后面,不用连字符,数词大于1要用复数。从题干看,800米远的比赛应为800-meter-long。

真题33(2003上海春季卷25)

After supper she would sit down by the fire,sometimes for ________an hour,thinking of her young and happy days.

A.as long as B.as soon as

C.as much as D.as many as

【答案及解析】A as long as表示时间或物体的长度,或作连词,意思是“只要”:as soon as表示“……就……”;as much as和as many as都表示数量多达……,但前者修饰不可数名词或表程度,而后者则修饰可数名词。

真题34(全国卷27)

Boris has brains.in fact.I doubt whether anyone in the class has ________IQ.

A.a high B.a higher C.the higher D.the highest

【答案及解析】 B have brains意思是“有头脑,有智慧”,根据上下文的意思,下文中的anyone in the class与上文中Boris进行比较,选项A不是比较级,而选项D是最高级,因此都应排除;选项C指两者中一个智商更高的人,与题意不符;选项B指三者或三者以上的人中一个智商更高的人,与题意相符。

真题35(2002北京卷26)

All the people ________at the party were his supporters.

A.present B.thankful C.interested D.important

【答案及解析】 A present作形容词的意思是“出席的,在场的”。通常用present at the party,present at the meeting。译文:参加聚会的人都是他的支持者。

真题36(2002北京卷30)

It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold,so she stood ________to her mother.

A.close B.closely C.closed D.closing

【答案及解析】A先根据动词的搭配关系,可排除c、D两个选项;选项A可作动词、形容词或副词,作副词时,意思是“近地,靠近,接近”;而选项B也是副词,它是由close +ly而来,意思是“亲密地,密切地”。再根据句子的意思,选出正确答案A。译文:天下着大雨,Little Mary感到很冷,所以她紧紧站在母亲身旁。

真题37(2002上海卷26)

As far as I am concerned.education is about learning and the more you learn,_________

A.the more for life are you equipped B.the more equipped for life yon am

C.the more life you are equipped for D.you are equipped the more for life

【答案及解析】 B从所提供的情境the more you learn,并结合所给的选项可以确定这是“the+形容词(副词)的比较级+陈述句,the+形容词(副词)的比较级+陈述句”句型,表示“越……越……”。译文:我认为,教育是关于学习的事,你学得越多,你对生活准备得就越充分。the more equipped for lm的意思是 “对生活有充分的准备”。

真题38(2002京、蒙、皖春季卷22)

--I’m very ________with my own cooking.It looks nice and smells delicious.

--Mm,it does have a ________smell.

A.pleasant;pleased B.pleased;pleased

C.pleasant;pleasant D.pleased;pleasant

【答案及解析】D pleased“感到高兴;感到满意”,常用来形容人,be pleased with sth;pleasant“令人愉快的”,常用来形容物,a pleasant smell“香味”。

真题39(2002京、蒙、皖春季卷34)

Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea._____,neither of them could swim.

A.In fact B.Luckily C.Unfortunately D.Naturally

【答案及解析】 C in fact常用来表示与上文不相符的某件事;luckily常用来表示一种好的结果;unfortunately常用来表示一种不好的结果;naturally表示一种理所当然的结果。根据下文的意思,只有选项C正确。

真题40(2002上海春季卷39)

Americans eat ________ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.

A.more than twice B.as twice as many

C.twice as many as D.more than twice as many

【答案及解析】 D不论哪种形式的比较级,其修饰词均应放在前面。More than twice表示数量,放在as…as结构前的意思是“是……的两倍多”。译文:美国人现在每人所吃的蔬菜是19的两倍多。

真题4l(全国卷28)

It is generally believed that teaching is ________it is a science.

A.an art much as B.much an art as

C.as an art much as D.as much an art as

【答案及解析】 D在as/so…as…结构中,第一个as/so是副词,后接形容同;第二个as是连接词,后接句子。其正确语序为as much an art as。译文:人们普遍相信,教学像科学一样是一门艺术。

真题42(2001上海卷26)

In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go,__________.

A.our holiday will be better B.our holiday will be the better

C.the better our holiday will be D.the better will our holiday be

【答案及解析】C “the+比较级…,the+比较级...”的意思是“越……越……”。由于选项A、B和D的词序都不对,故排除。译文:近年来,旅游公司成功地向我们推销了这样一个观点:我们走得越远,我们的假期过得越好。

真题43(2001上海卷36)

As I know,there is ________ car in this neighborhood.

A.no such B.no a C.not such D.no such a

【答案及解析】A such与no,some,many,one,two等词连用时的顺序是:no,man),,one等词+such+名词。no等于not a,放在名词前修饰名词,表示否定。选项C若改为not such a就正确。译文:据我所知,周围没有这样的汽车。答案为A。

真题44(2001京、蒙、皖春季卷19)

Many people have helped with canned food,however,the food bank needs ________for the poor.

A.more B.much C.many D.most

【答案及解析】 A根据句意,很多人已在帮着提供罐装食品,however又告诉人们这还不够,意思是说:食品储库需要更多(不仅是canned food),因此要用比较级,more最合适。答案为A。

真题45(2001京、蒙、皖春季卷22)

In that case,there is nothing you can do ________than wait.

A.more B.other C.better D.any

【答案及解析】 B other than多用于否定词之后,等于except、but(表示所说的不包括在内)后边的动词为to do,如前面有do和nothing时,to省略。此句意是:在那种情况下,你除了等待别无它法。

真题46(2001京、蒙、皖春季卷23)

I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an) ________trick.

A.ordinary B.easy C.smart D.simple

【答案及解析】D依句意,选出正确答案.应为“简单的”。从surprised可知因对方被如此简单的花招愚弄而感到吃惊。

真题47(全国卷8)

______to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.

A.Brave enough students B.Enough brave students

C.Students brave enough D.Students enough brave

【答案及解析】 C students为名词作主语。单个形容词作定语,则应放在名词的前面;较长的形容词短语修饰名词时~般要放在后面。enough为副词,放在形容词或副词的后面。

真题48(2000全国卷11)

It’s always difficult being in a foreign country,________if you don’t speak the language.

A.extremely B.naturally C.basically D.especially

【答案及解析】D especially特别地。从句意看出应填especially,强调不会说那个国家的语言会感到更加困难。extremely极端地;naturally自然地;basically基本上。

真题49(2000全国卷16)

If you want to change for a double room you’11 have to pay ________8 15.

A.another B.other C,more D.each

【答案及解析】 A表示数量增加的结构有:another+数词+名词;数词+more/other+名词,意思是:另外,又有。another的意思是“再一,又……”。在一般情况下,another后接单数名词,但如果复数名词前有具体的数字,也可以和another连用。more放在数字前时,正确的形式是mole than,意思是“……多个”。答案为A。

真题50(2000上海卷34)

You’re standing too near the camera.Can you move ________?

A.a bit far B.a little farther C.a bit of farther D.a little far

【答案及解析】 B too near的意思是“太近了”,说话人的意图是让对方站得比这远一点,所以要用副词的比较级。译文:你站得太靠近镜头了。你能离远一点吗? a bit of后接名词。

篇6:英汉形容词的语法功能比较

英汉形容词的语法功能比较

英语和汉语形容词在语法功能上虽有一些相同的特点,可以作定、状、补等句子成分,但也具有极大的'差别,一是作同样成分时用法不一样,二是汉语形容词可以作谓语,而英语形容词无此功能.了解和掌握这些差别不仅有助于英语学习、英汉翻译,而且对英语教学也具有重要意义.

作 者:王思燕  作者单位:郑州大学,升达经贸管理学院公共外语部,河南,郑州,451191 刊 名:考试周刊 英文刊名:KAOSHI ZHOUKAN 年,卷(期): “”(8) 分类号:H3 关键词:英语形容词   汉语形容词   对比   差别  

篇7:语法复习十五:形容词和副词

比较级和最高级及其使用

形容词的比较级和最高级

说 明 例 词

一般情况 加er, est smaller,smallest

以e 结尾 加r,st larger,largest

单音节词和少数多音节的形容词,加词尾er ,est 以“辅音字母+y ”结尾的词 改y为i,再加er,est busier,busiest

重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母,加er,est fatter,fattest

以ow,er结尾的双音节词 加er ,est narrower,narrowest cleverer,clevest

多数双音节和多音节的词 加more most more beautiful, most important

副词的比较级和最高级

1.大多数以ly结尾的副词前加more 和most 来构成比较级和最高级。

2.少数单音节副词,加er,est 构成其比较级和最高级 。

几个特殊的形容词和副词

原级 比较级 最高级

good ,well better best

bad, ill, badly worse worst

many ,much more most

little less least

far farther, further farthest,further

old older, elder oldest, eldest

比较级和最高级的常用句型

名称 句型 例句

相等 as 原形 as (as 原形+名词 as ) The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train. He has not as much money as his friend.

不及 not as(so) 原形 as (not as[so ]+名词+原形 as ) She is not as (so)beautiful as her sister.

比较级+ than Health is more important than wealth.

超越 the +比较级+of the two 两者中较… 的一个 He is the taller of the two.

用于否定 no +比较级+than 和…一样不 He is no richer than I. 他和我一样不富有。

用于否定 最…不过 His work couldn't be worse. 他的工作再糟糕不过了。

程度递增 er and er,more and more+多音节词原级 (越来越…) higher and higher more and more important

两种情况同时变化 the +比较级,the+比较级 (越…,越…) The quicker you get ready, the sooner we'll be able to leave.

三者或三者以上比较 the +最高级+of/in+比较范围 (…之中最…) Of all things in the world, people are the precious.

比较级结构的修饰语

1.用于原级之前:

almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice,three times , a third,etc.

John is almost as tall as you.

The river is three times as long as that one.

We have a third as many students as we had last term.

2.用于比较级前

many, a few (用于“more +可数名词”前)

It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.

a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent,three times etc.

It's cold this year, but it's even colder last year.

We produced 6% more grain this year than we did last year.

3.用于形容词和最高级前

the very , much the ,by far the ,the first/second

This hat is by far the largest in the world.

Gold is the very most valuable of all materials .

位置与功能

高考重点要求

1.掌握形容词、副词比较级、最高级的常用句型及用法

2.掌握形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数的比较表达。

3.注意多外形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序。

4.分清常用同义与近义形容词在表达中的语义差别。

此项语法内容从1991年到达间共出现45次(包括上海题),可见其重要。

形容词作用与位置

1.定语。

在名词前做定语,为最常见用法。请注意多个形容词(含其它起形容词作用的词)做前置定语的顺序。

“县官行令杀国才。”这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题。即:

限(冠词[物主代词、指示代词]数词等)观 (描绘) 形(大小、形状等) 龄 (年龄、新旧等)色(色彩)国(国籍、出处等)材(材料、功用等)

an interesting English film a heavy black Chinese silk umbrella

做后置定语。修饰由不定代词no ,any, some ,every和one,thing等构成的复合词或形容词短语。

2.表语。一定要注意系动词的出现情况。这是一个高考热点问题。

常见系动词有:be

变化系词: become, get ,turn, grow, go

保持系词: keep ,remain, stay

感观系词: look, smell , taste, feel, sound,appear , seem ,prove etc.

3.形容词作状语,表状况、原因、结果等。这也是应注意的一点。

He went to bed , cold and hungry.

4.做宾补。

N:①某些以a 开始的形容词只做表语,不做定语。

afraid, alike, alone, asleep ,awake,alive

②某些表身体健康状况的形容词只能做表语,不做定语

well, ill faint

③某些以-ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。

friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, likely, deadly, orderly 等。

④复合形容词的形式问题。

an 800-meter-wide river an English-speaking country a middle-aged man

副词

位置

1)时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾。如同时出现,则地点副词在前。

They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday.

2)表频率的时间副词是高考的热点

always, seldom, often, never, rarely, usually 等,通常放于行为动词之前,be词、情态动词和助动词之 后。

He is always telling lies,so I will never believe him.

3)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前(但 enough除外)

He is very young ,so he is not old enough to go to school.

N:有些副词有两种形式,一个与形容词同形,一个以ly 结尾,但它们的含义是不同的。

closely-close nearly-near freely-free deeply-deep highly-high widely-wide 等。

以ly 结尾的词表较为抽象的含义,而与形容词同形的副词则表较为具体的概念。

He is highly praised for what he has done. (高度地)

He can see a bird is flying high in the sky.(飞得高,具有可见性)

练习、形容词和副词

高考题选:

1. John has three sisters. Mary is the ___ of the three. (MET88)

A. most cleverest B. more clever C. cleverest D. cleverer

2. The students are___ young people between the age of sixteen and twenty. (MET88)

A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most

3. She told us ___story that we all forgot about the time. (MET88)

A. such an interesting B. such interesting a

C. so an interesting D. a so interesting

4. It is impossible for so___ workers to do so work in a single day. (MET88)

A. few, much B. few, many C. little, much D. little, many

5. The horse is getting old and can't run ___ it did. (MET88)

A. as faster as B. so fast than C. so fast as D. as fast as

6. The story sounds___ . (MET89)

A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true

7. I'd been expecting ___ letters the whole morning, but there weren't ___ for me. (MET89)

A. some; any B. many; a few C. some; one D. a few; none

8. This year they have produced ___ grain ___ they did last year. (MET89)

A. as less; as B. as few; as C. less; than D. fewer; than

9. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before. (MET90)

A. as twice many B. as many twice

C. twice as many D. twice many as

10. The pianos in the other shop will be , but______ . (MET90)

A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheaper; not as better

C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good

11. ---Can I help you?

---Well, I'm afraid the box is___ heavy for you, but thank you all the same. (MET90)

A. so B. much C. very D. too

12.---Excuse me, is this Mr. Brown's office?

---I'm sorry, but Mr. Brown ___ works here. He left about three weeks ago. (MET90)

A. not now B. no more C. not still D. no longer

13. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with ___ money and ___ people. (MET90)

A. less; less B. fewer; fewer C. less; fewer D. fewer; less

14. Oh, John. ___ you gave me! (MET90)

A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise

C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise

15. ---How did you find your visit to museum?

---I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was ___ than I expected. (MET91)

A. far more interesting B. even much interesting

C. so more interesting D. a lot much interesting

16. Canada is larger than ___ country in Asia. (NMET91)

A. any B. any other C. other D. another

17. Those oranges taste___ . (MET91)

A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well

18. The experiment was ___ easier than we had expected. (NMET91)

A. more B. much more C. much D. more much

19. ___ food you've cooked! (NMET91 )

A. How a nice B. What a nice

C. How nice D. What nice

20. Go and get your coat. It's ___ you left it. (MET92)

A. there B. where C. there where D. where there

21. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes___ . (MET92)

A. open B. to be opened C. to open D. opening

22. ---Are you feeling ___?

---Yes, I' m fine now. (NMET92)

A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better

23. Which is___ country, Canada or Australia? (MET92)

A. a large B. larger C. a larger D. the larger

24. ---Will you give this message to Mr. White, please?

---Sorry, I can't. He ___. (MET92)

A. doesn't any more work here B. doesn't any longer here work

C. doesn't work any more here D. doesn't work here any longer

25. How can you finish the drawing? (MET92)

A. often B. soon C. long D. rapid

26. ___ terrible weather we've been having these days! (MET92)

A. How a B. What a C. How D. What

27. It takes a long time to go there by train. It's___ by road. (MET93)

A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker

28. ___ from Beijing to London! (MET93)

A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it

C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is

29. She doesn't speak___ her friends, but her written work is excellent. (MET93)

A. as well as B. as often as C. so much as D. as good as

30. ---Mum, I think I'm___ to get back to school.

---Not really, My dear. You'd better stay at home for another day or two. (NMET93)

A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough

31. ---If you don't like the red coat, take the blue one.

---OK, but do you have size___ in blue? This one's a bit tight for me. (NMET93)

A. a big B. a bigger C. the big D. the bigger

32. John plays footbal___ , if not better than, Davi. (NMET94)

A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as

33. We all write___ ,even when there's net much to say. (NMET94)

A. now and then B. by and by C. step by step D. more or less

34. ---Do you remember ___ he came?

---Yes I do, he came by car. (NMET94)

A. how B. when C. that D. if

35. If there were no examinations, we should have ___at school. (NMET94)

A. the happiest time B. a more happier time

C. much happiest time D. a much happier time

36. ---Have you finished your report yet?

---No, I'll finish in___ ten minutes. (NMET95)

A. another B. other C. more D. less

37. ---I'd like ___ information about the management of your hotel, please.

---Well, you could have ___ word with the manager. He might be helpful. (NMET95)

A. some; a B. an; some C. some; some D. an; a

38. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty,___ great it is. (NMET95)

A. what B. how C. however D. whatever

39. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ____. (NMET96)

A. badly B. hardly C. strongly D. heavily

40. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ___. (NMET96)

A. the better voice B. a good voice

C. the best voice D. a better voice

41. Tony is going camping with ___ boys. (NMET93)

A. little two other B. two little other

C. two other little D. little other two

42. ---How was your recent visit to Qingdao? (NMET95)

---It was great. We visited some friends, and spent ___the days at the seaside.

A. few last sunny B. last few sunny

C. last sunny few D. few sunny last

43. Can you believe that in ___ a rich country there should be _ many poor people? (MET95)

A. such; such B. such; so C. so; so D. so; such

44. Wait till you are more___ .It's better to be sure than sorry. (NMET97)

A. inspired B. satisfied C. calm D. certain

45. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is ___ known for his plays. (NMET98)

A. the best B. more C. better D. the most

46.___ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (NMET )

A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students

C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave

47. It's always difficult being in a foreign country, ___ if you don't speak the language. (NMET2000 )

A. extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially

48. I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an) ___ trick. ( 春招)

A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple

49. It is generally believed that teaching is___ it is a science. (NMET2001)

A. an art much as B. much an art as

C. as an art much as D. as much an art as

50.---I'm very ___with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.

---Mm, it does have a ___smell. (春招)

A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased

C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant

51.Boris has brains. In fact ,I doubt whether anyone in the class has ___IQ.

A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest

篇8:考研英语:语法(形容词及用法)

考研英语:语法大全(形容词及用法)

形容词

什么是形容词

形容词(adjective)是修饰名词表示名词属性的词,常放在它所修饰的名词之前。如:

a lovely baby一个可爱的婴儿

the beautiful picture那幅美丽的图画

modern history现代历史

形容词的用法

形容词在句中可用作:

1)定语

He is a good boy.他是个好孩子。

The Chinese Communist Party is a great party.中国共产党是伟大的党。

2)表语

The film is both moving and instructive.这部电影很感动人,而且富有教育意义。

I am very glad to see you.见到你很高兴。

3)宾语补足语 和宾语一起构成复合宾语。如:

Have you got everything ready for the journey? 你行装都准备好了吗?

We keep our rooms clean and tidy.我们经常保持房间的整洁。

4)相当于名词 某些形容词前用定冠词the,变成名词化的形容词,可在句中作主语、宾语等。如:

The young are active.青年人积极好动。(the young作主语)

The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能够用指尖学习阅读书籍。(the blind作主语)

He has a keen sense of the new.他对新鲜事物有敏锐的感觉。(the new作宾语)

[注一] 上述三例中的the young = the young people,the blind the Blind people,the new the new things.

[注二]在The sun rose red(旭日升起)中的形容词red和Don't marry young(不要早婚)中的形容词young都是主语补足语。

形容词的位置

形容词常放在它所修饰的名词之前。关于形容词有时可以后置的问题(见16.18),但如有一个以上的形容词修饰名词,这些形容词的顺序则由它们和被修饰名词的关系的密切程度来决定。一般说来,关系最密切的最*近被修饰的名词,关系较疏远的`离被修饰的名词也较远。如:

a large wild plant一株很大的野生植物

a simple musical instrument一种简单的乐器

a small fierce dark brown animal一种小而凶的深褐色动物(注意dark修饰brown)

以上例子中的形容词之间并非并列关系,如第一例中的1arge与wild并非并列,而1arge所修饰的是wild plant。如表并列关系,形容词之间须用逗号或and。如:

a strong, swift horse一匹又壮又快的马

many happy and healthy children很多幸福而健康的儿童

a short and militant article一篇简短有力的文章(militant一词较长,放在short之后,这也是英语里安排形容词位置的一种方法。)

形容词的比较等级及其形式

英语形容词比较等级(degrees of comparison)一般有两个:即比较级(comparative degree)和最高级 (superlative degree)。不用比较等级的形容词通常称为原级(positive degree)。形容词的比较级形式是:“形容词 + 后缀 -er ”或“单词 more + 形容词”。它的最高级形式是:“形容词 + 后缀 -est ”或“单词 most + 形容词。

[注一] 形容词比较等级所加的-er和-est,自成一个音节,分别读作[E]和[ist]o如:

原级 比较级 最高级

tall [tC:l] taller[5tC:lE] tallest[5tC:list]

happy [5hApi] happier[5hApiE] happiest[5hApiist]

thin [Win] thinner [5WinE] thinnest [5Winist]

fine [fain] finer [5fainE] finest [5fainist]

[注二] 如果形容词原级的词末为不发音的字母r,加-er和-est时,r要发[r]音。如:

near [niE] nearer [5niErE] nearest[5niErist]

clear [kliE] clearer[5kliErE] clearest [5kiErist]

如果形容词原级词末的发音为[N],在加-er和-est时,[N]音后得加一个[g]音。如:

strong [strCN] stronger [5strCNgE] strongest [5strCNgist]

long [lCN] longer [5lCNgE] longest [5lCNgist]

[注三] 有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如:

right, wrong,woolen,wooden.

篇9:英语形容词的语法:形容词的位置

形容词:描述事物的特征、性质、类属、状态等内容的一类词,主要用于修饰、丰富、限定名词的内容。

形容词作定语时,绝大多数放在被修饰名词前面,但形容词修饰不定代词时,必须放在不定代词后面。另外,状态形容词个别的可以放在名词后面作定语。

1.形容词绝大多数放在被修饰名词前面

a kind lady一位善良的女士

two pretty girls两位的姑娘

clever and able young men聪明能干的小伙子

2.形容词修饰不定代词时必须放在其后

Is there anything wrong with it?

有什么不对劲的地方吗?

You may use everything available.

你可以使用一切现有的东西。

3.个别状态形容词可作为后置定语

Don’t wake up the dog asleep.

别把睡着的狗弄醒。

4.当几个形容词并列作前置作前置定语时,排列顺序一般是:

大小+形状+着色(性质形容词)+材料(类别形容词)+名词

Tom has a large round colorful wooden box.

汤姆有一个又圆又大的彩色木盒子。

There are 10 tall active young American men.

有10位高大活跃的美国小伙子。

5.enough用作形容词时,放在名词前面,用作副词时,必须放在形容词后面。

修饰名词:enough bookworms够多的书呆子

修饰形容词:long enough够长的

6.当副词so, as, too修饰一个形容词,而这个形容词又修饰一个单可数名词时,冠词a只能放在该形容词后面(so, as, too强调语气很强,放在首位才足以体现强调性)

so good a chance

too busy a day

as fast a swimmer as Tom

篇10:初中语法形容词的用法

1) 两种形容词

He has a new bike. It looks nice.

他有一辆新的自行车。它看起来很不错。

1.性质形容词

直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词。它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。如:hot(热的)、happy(快乐的)、beautiful(美丽的)。这类形容词是大多数。

The beautiful girl spoke excellent English.

(作定语)

这个漂亮的女孩说一口漂亮的英语。

The girl is beautiful.(作表语)

这个女孩很漂亮。

We'll try our best to make our school beautiful.

(作宾语补足语)

我们将尽力使我们学校美丽。

2.叙述形容词

因为这类形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类,如:ariaid(害怕的)、alone(单独的)、asleep(睡着的)、alive(活着的)、awake(醒着的),以及worth(值得的)、unable(不可能的)、ill(病的)。

She is ill.她病了。

The boy is afraid of his father.

这个男孩怕他爸爸。

The ill man was afraid of death.(×)

The sick man was afraid of death.(○)

这个病人害怕死亡。

3.还有一类形容词是说明事物间的关系或事物的用途、时间、方位的,这类形容词通常没有级的变化,也不能用程度副词修饰。

Chinese 中国的 permanent 永久的

eastern 东方的

2) 形容词的位置

There is something wrong with this watch.

这只手表有点故障了。

形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing 为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词语之后。

We saw something white in the dark.

我们在黑暗中看到了一些白色的东西。

Is there anything important in the newspaper?

报上有什么重要新闻吗?

There is nothing(=isn't anything)important in the newspaper.

报上没什么重要事情。

注意

no = not…any

nothing= not…anything

3) 需注意的形容词用法

1.形容词和定冠词

有些形容词可以和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物。这时,它相当于一个名词,可以作主语或宾语。表示一类人时,看作复数;表示一类事物时,看作单数。

Robin Hood hated the rich and loved the poor.

罗宾汉憎恨富人(们),热爱穷人们。

The wounded(old) are well looked after.

伤兵们(老人们)受到很好的照顾。

We all love the beautiful.

我们都喜欢美丽的东西(事物)。

必背!

the young 年轻人

the sick 病人

the deaf 聋子

the blind 盲人

the aged 老人

the smooth 顺事

the impossible 不可能的事

2.形容词的顺序

如果有冠词(a, an, the)或代词(my, this ,that……)修饰时,词序为:冠词或代词+形容词+名词。

a tall boy 一个高个子男孩

an interesting book 一本有趣的书

注意

注意冠词的用法;如有形容词修饰名词,要以形容词为基准。

(详见第46页)

an interesting book

一本有趣的书(interesting以元音[!]开头,所以冠词用an,而不用a)a book

(因book以辅音[B]开始)

my good friend 我的好朋友

3.形容词作定语时的后置

a.前面我们讲到形容词作定语时,位置要放在所修饰的名词前面,但当它带有表示量度的词或词组时,定语后置。

They have built a bridge a hundred meters long.

他们建成了一座一百米长的桥。

Last year we built a building thirteen storeys high.

去年,我们盖了一栋十三层的高楼。

b.带有表示量度的词或词组,作表语时,也后置。

The bridge is a hundred meters long.

这座桥长达一百米。

The building is thirteen storeys high.

这个大楼有十三层高。

They have built a two-bundred-meter-long bridge.

他们已经修建了一座长二百米的桥。

注意

量度词组变成合成语时,作定语用,放在名词前。

Last year we built a thirteen-storey-high building.

去年我们建了一座高十三层的大楼。

c.另外,一些形容词或形容词词组常用来放在句首、句中或句尾,作状语。

He returned home, tired and hungry.

他又累又饿地回到了家。

Cold and hungry, he walked in the street.

又冷又饿,他走在街道上。

必背!

常见形容词词组

be good at 善于……的 be full of 充满……

be angry at (about )因……生气 near to 靠近的

be angry with (at )对……发怒的 close to 靠近的

be famous for 因……而著名 next to 与……相邻的

be fit for 适宜于 be able to (do)能……的

be different from 和……不同的 be difficult to (do) 难以……的

separate from 与……分离的 be eager to (do) 急欲……的

be poor in 贫……的;缺……的 be easy to do 易于……

be rich in 富于……;丰富的…… enough to (do) 足以……的

be afraid of 害怕…… be glad to (do) 高兴的

be proud of 以……自豪的; be ready to (do) 准备……的

以……为骄傲 be ready to (do) 乐意……的

be fond of 喜欢,喜爱

篇11:高考英语形容词副词语法手记

2. 比较级、最高级使用注意点

(1)比较级的程度修饰语

比较级的程度修饰语有:基本程度副词:much, very much, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, even, still, a bit, a little, rather, any (用于疑问句和否定句);具体数词;抽象数词;倍数;分数;百分数。

高级前可用nearly , almost , about , next , by far , by no means 或序数词进行修饰。

例如:Of the three boys , Mike is by no means the most diligent。

(2) 倍数的几种表达形式:

1) …. times +as形容词副词原级 as+ …

2) … times +形容词副词比较级+than …

3) …. Times+ the +n. +性质名词 +of …

4) The +名词 +be +… times that /those of …

5) The +名词+be +… times + what从句

This room is 3 times as big as that one。

This room is twice bigger than that one。

This room is 3 times the size of that one。

The output of this year is 4 four times that of .

The output of this year is 4 times what it was in 2008.

3. 分清常用同义与近义形容词、副词在表达中的语义差别。

(A)ago、before: ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”;before指以过去或将来的某时刻为起点的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用 ago。

(B)already、yet、still: already表示某事已经发生;yet表示期待某事发生;still表示某事还在进行,主要用于肯定句。

(C)too、also、either: too和also用于肯定句,too多用于口语,also多用于书面语,either用于否定句。

(D)good、well:与good不同的是,well作形容词,只能在系动词后作表语,表示“身体状况好”,也作副词修饰动词。

(E)quick、fast:作形容词皆表“快”。fast多指运动的物体,含持续的意思。quick多指一次动作的敏捷、突然,而且持续的时间较短。

(F)real、true:形容词表“真的”。real强调真实存在的而不是幻想的,在句中常作定语;true指与事实标准和实际情况相符合,在句中作表语或定语。

(G)hard、difficult:均表“困难”,但 hard通常指体力上困难;difficult则指智力或技能上的困难,困难程度大于hard。它们都可作定语和表语

4. 以“-ly”结尾的词性辨析。

1). 下列单词以“-ly”结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。

2). 表原意(无“-ly”)和引申意(有“-ly”)的副词:

close近, closely 仔细地; late晚, lately最近;deep深,表示空间深度,deeply时常表示感情上的深度,深深地;wide表示空间宽度,widely广泛地;free免费,freely 无限制地

3). 有无“-ly”意义大不相同的副词:

dead完全,绝对be dead asleep

deadly非常be deadly tired

pretty相当be pretty certain that…,pretty good

prettily漂亮地be prettily dressed

close近Don’t sit close.

closely密切地Watch closely!

late晚、迟arrive late, come late

lately最近I haven’t seen him lately(recently)。

五。精典名题导解

1. (2008全国卷1) The weather was ______ cold that I didn't like to leave my room.

A. really B. such C. too D. so

考点解析:考查副词修饰形容词在固定句型中的用法。so +adj. /adv. + that , 如此…。.以至于。 答案是 D。

2. (2008四川卷) Although badly hurt in the accident, the driver was _____ able to make a phone call. A. still B. even C. also D. ever

考点解析:考查副词词义的区别。 意为“虽然司机在事故中严重受伤,但是他还能打电话”。still“仍然”,even“甚至”,是加强语气的,also“也”, ever“曾经”。 根据语境选A。

3.(2008浙江卷)Running a company is not ______ a matter of hiring people ― they also need to be trained。

A. simply B. partly C. seriously D. equally

考点解析:考查副词词义的区别。simply单单,只是,partly部分地 seriously严重地,equally平等地 根据语境选A。

4.(2008福建)In spite of repeated wrongs done to him, he looks _______ to people greeting him。

A. friendly B. lively C. worried D. cold

考点解析:考查具体语境下的形容词词义。friendly友好的,和善的;lively活泼的,生动的,激烈的;worried担心的;cold冷淡的。尽管他一直受到不公正的对待,但他看上去对同他打招呼的人还是很友好。 根据题意A为正确答案。

5.(2008 浙江卷)There are plenty of jobs ______ in the western part of the country。

A. present B. available C. precious D. convenient

考点解析:考查形容词词义的区别。present表示“目前的,现在的;在场的”,available表示“可得到的,可获得的,有效的”,precious表示“珍贵的”,convenient表示“方便的,便利的”。本句的意思是:在这个国家的西部可以得到大量的工作机会。故选B。

6. (2008江苏卷)It is ______ to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people ______ after they are ill。

A. good; good B. well; better C. better; better D. better; good

考点解析:考查表语形容词的比较级和形容词做宾补。 本句为复合句,it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式短语to spend … rather than是固定短语,意为“与其说……,不如说……”。其句意为:与其把钱花在让人康复上,倒不如将钱花在通过提升健康的生活来预防疾病上。第一空是 good 的比较级,第二空是well 的比较级。well表语形容词, 意思是“健康的; 痊愈的”。 故选C。

7. (2008 北京卷) After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______。

A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired

C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired

考点解析:考查形容词做伴随或结果状语。hungry and tired做状语说明主语the three of them。故选B。

8. (2008陕西卷)Ten years ago the population of our village was_________ that of theirs。

A. as twice large as B. twice as large as

C. twice as much as D. as twice much as

考点解析:考查英语倍数表示法。英语倍数表示法一般采用以下三种句式:1.倍数+as+形容词原级+as 2.倍数+形容词比较级+than 3. 倍数 + the +名词(length, width, height等等)+ of . 只有B、 C形式正确,另外,population 不可以说much,只能用large,big作表语,故选B。

9. (河北模拟)Although she did not know Beijing well, she made her way________ to the Bird Nest。

A. easy enough B. enough easy C. easily enough D. enough easily

考点解析:考查副词修饰动词短语作状语和副词enough的位置。 因为修饰动词短语make one’s way要用副词, 所以选easily 而enough修饰副词时应该放在副词后面。故选C。

10. (四川模拟)10,000 dollars is a large sum of money,but it is still ______than we need for a new house, A.very few B.very little C.far fewer D.far less

考点解析: 考查修饰不可名词的形容词比较级级。数量多少应用 little 比较级为 less,所以选D。

篇12:高考英语形容词副词语法手记

一。考纲要求

考纲规定,要考查形容词和副词的基本用法:形容词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法; 时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的用法;形容词和副词的位置;形容词和副词的级别;常见形容词和副词的用法比较。

二。命题导向

形容词、副词词义的辨析是历年考查的热点,倍数的表达法、形容词、副词的比较级及比较级的修饰语、形容词和副词的位置以及排列顺序也是高考考查的重点。

三。复习要点

1. 形容词的用法

形容词是用来说明和修饰名词的性质或特征的词类,分为普通形容词和表语形容词,有原级、比较级和最高级之分。

(1)主要用作定语、表语或补足语。

a beautiful park 一座美丽的公园

The play Tea-house is both moving and interesting。

Who left the window open?

(2)“定冠词the + 形容词”表示一类人或物,作“主语或宾语”,意思为“……的一种人”,“……的一类东西或事情”。如:

The new will take the place of the old. 新事物将代替旧事物。

The young are fond of sports 。年轻人喜欢体育运动。

(3)某些动词加“-ed ”和“Cing”都可构成形容词,加-ed的形容词表示“本身是……”,加“-ing”的形容词表示“能够引起……”, 如:

The disappointing boy made his parents very disappointed。这个令人失望的男孩让让父母很失望。

We were excited when we heard the exciting news。

(4)复合形容词的构成

1)形容词 + 名词 + ed kind-hearted好心的,white-haired白发的

2) 形容词 + 形容词 red-hot炽热的,dark-blue深蓝的

3)形容词 + 现在分词 good-looking好看的,easy-going随和的

4)副词 + 现在分词 hard-working勤劳的,fast-moving快速转动的

5)副词 + 过去分词 hard-won得来不易的,newly-made新建的

6)名词 + 形容词 life-long终生的,world-famous世界闻名的

7)名词 + 现在分词 peace-loving爱好和平的,fun-loving爱开玩笑的

8)名词 + 过去分词 snow-covered白雪覆盖的,hand-made手工的

9)数词 + 名词 + ed four-storeyed 4层楼的,three-legged 3条腿的

10)数词 + 名词(名词用单数) ten-year 的,two-man两人的

2.副词的用法

副词在句子中主要用作状语,用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词的词,有时还可修饰介词短语和句子。很多形容词加“-ly”构成副词,如:careful-carefully。有原级、比较级和最高级。

(1)时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾。如同时出现,则地点副词在前。几个副词同时出现在一个句子里时,通常顺序是:程度――方式――地点――时间。

They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday。

Xiao Li works very hard in the factory every day。.

(2)频度副词 always, seldom, often, never, rarely, usually通常位于行为动词之前,系动词、助动词和情态动词之后。

He usually gets up at six and he is never late for class。

You can’t always be right。

He often comes here.

He is very young ,so he is not old enough to go to school。

(3)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前(但 enough除外)。

(4)评注性副词和逻辑副词的位置一般位于句首。

Generally speaking, teachers are able to communicate their ideas clearly. 一般来说教师能把自己的意思表达清楚。

3. 形容词、副词比较级的用法

形容词、副词有三个级别即:原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词和副词的原形,

单音节词的比较级在原级的基础上加“-er”构成;双音节及多音节词加more构成。如:brighter, faster, earlier, more widely more carefully。最高级在形容词和副词原级基础上加“-est”构成;双音节及多音节词加most构成。

常见不规则变化的形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 比较级常用句型:

1)比较级 + and + 比较级 “越来越……”。例如:

It is getting cooler and cooler in autumn。

2)the more…the more… “越……,越……”。例如:

The more fruit you eat, the healthier you will be。

3)no more than “只不过,仅仅”,后面接名词或数词,起形容词作用。 例如:

What he is saying is no more than a joke. 他所讲的只不过是个玩笑而已。

4)no more…than… “和……同样不……”。例如:

He can no more play the piano than I can play basketball. 他不会弹钢琴和我同样不会打篮球一样

5)no less than “多达,竟有……之多,不下于”。例如:

There were no less than two thousand people at the match. 这场比赛不下于两千人到场观看。 6)no less…than “和……一样,不逊于”。例如:

Our monitor is no less diligent than he used to be. 我们的班长和以前一样勤奋

7)否定+比较级=最高级

Your story is perfect. I’ve never heard a better one before. 你的故事太棒了。我原来从来没有听过这么好的。

四。注意事项

1. 形容词的几种特殊情况

形容词是用来修饰名词的,常被放在名词前作定语,或放在系动词后面作表语。以下属几种特殊情况,须牢记:

(1)形容词用作定语,修饰由不定代词one,no,any,some和every构成的复合词如anything,something等时,通常后置。如:

I have something important to tell you。

Is there anyone absent today?

(2)表语形容词(afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive,ashamed,well, sorry, unable, worth, sure等)不仅作表语,还可以做宾语补足语和作后置定语。如:

He was ashamed at being unable to give a correct answer。

他因说不出正确答案而感到羞愧。

Time alone will show who was right. 只有时间能证明到底谁对。

(3)else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。

I'm going to take you somewhere else. 我要带你去别处。

Is there anything else you want? 你还要些别的什么吗?

Who else is there in the house? 屋子里还有谁?

(4)形容词短语作定语,需后置。

A man so difficult to please must be hard to get along。

(5)enough、nearby修饰名词前置或后置。但是enough修饰形容词、副词时,必须后置。

cannot, never 与enough 两用,表示“在……也不为过”。

I have my lunch in a snack bar nearby(nearby snack bar). 我在附近一家快餐店吃午饭。

She plays well enough for a beginner。对于初学者来说, 她弹奏得已相当不错了。

You can never be careful enough (= You can never be too careful) in the street。在大街上,你再小心也不为过。

(6)形容词做状语表示伴随或结果,是来形容说明主语的,并不表示动作的方式。

We arrived home, tired and hungry。我们到家了,又累又饿。

篇13:中考英语关于形容词的语法考点

中考英语关于形容词的语法考点

1、形容词的用法

形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。如:

He is honest and hardworking.

I found the book interesting.

某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。如:

The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.

The English like to be with their families.

多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:

冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如: the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.

2、形容词比较等级的形式

(1) 规则形式

一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如:

great-greater-greatest

busy-busier-busiest

important-more important-(the)most important

(2) 不规则形式

good (well)-better-best

bad (ill)-worse-worst

many (much)-more-most

little-less-least

(3) 形容词比较等级的用法

①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如:

He is cleverer than the other boys.

This one is more beautiful than that one.

②表示两者以上的比较,用”the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …“如:

He is the cleverest boy in his class.

③表示两者是同等程度,用”as +形容词原级+as". 如:

He is as tall as I.

I have as many books as you.

④ 越… 越…

例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.

⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好。

又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly.

你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。

⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day.

那一天是最令我担心的一天。

I have never had a better dinner.

这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。

⑦ My English is no better than yours.

我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。

篇14:初中英语基础语法3-形容词/副词

初中英语基础语法3-形容词/副词

形容词

三、形容词(adj.) 表示人和事物的特征,对名词起修饰和描绘作用

四、副词(adv.)表示动作特征或性状,主要修饰动词、形容词、副词及整个句子

(一)形容词的用法及位置

1.形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等,作定语时一般放在名词前。

Eg. She has short hair.(作定语)

Paul is tall.(作表语)

We must keep our room clean.(作宾补)

2.形容词修饰不定代词时放在其后。

eg.She has something important to tell us./

There’s nothing wrong in the sentence.

(二)副词的种类、用法及位置

1.副词的种类

(1)时间副词

①表示大体时间:now,then,yesterday,today, tonight,before,justnow,recently,so far

②表示频率:always,usually,often,sometimes.seldom,never

③其它作用:already,yet,late,early,soon,at once,immediately,atfirst,at last,finally

(2)地点副词

①表地点:here,there,home,abroad,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,

nowhere,somewhere.

②表位置关系(后接宾语时,用作介词):

above,below,round,around,down,up,in,out,inside,outside,across,back,along,over,

away,near,off,past

(3)方式副词表示谓语动词“怎样地”,(此类副词大部分由形容词加ly构成):

badly,bravely,gratefully,calmly,carefully,carelessly,nervously,proudly,patiently,

politely,sadly,properly,rapidly,

wrongly,suddenly.

(4)程度副词 多数用来修饰形容词或副词:much,(a)little,a bit,very,sO,too,enough,quite,rather,completely,terribly,deeply,nearly,almost,hardly

(5)疑问副词 构成特殊疑问句:how,when, where,why

(6)连接副词 连接主语、宾语或表语从句:how,when,where,why

(7)关系副词 引导定语从句:when,where,why

(8)其它性质的副词对整个句子进行说明,一般用逗号与主句隔开:

frankly(坦率地说,说真的),generally(一般说来),luckily(幸运地是),first of all(首先)等。

2.副词的用法及位置

(1)修饰动词作状语

①多数位于动词之后,及物动词的宾语或介问的宾语之后。

eg.The farmers are working hard in the field.

She speaks English well.

The nurse looks after the babies carefully.

②频度副词放在动词前,情态动词和助动词之后。

eg.He always goes to school On foot.

She was often late for school.

I have never been to Beijing・

(2)修饰形容词作状语,放在形容词前。

eg.He has a very nice watch.

The box is too heavy.

(3)修饰另一副词作状语,放在另一副词前。

eg.She paints quite well.

You speak too fast.I can’t understand you.

(4)作表语,放在系动词后。

eg.Is anybody in?

(5)作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后。

eg.I saw him out just now.

(6)作定语,放在名词之后。

eg.There is a man:here On vacation.

(7)疑问副词、修饰整个句子的副词以及perhaps,first,sometimes,finally等副词,一般放在句首。

eg.Finally,I finished the work.

Perhaps he’s watching TV at home.

(8)表示程度的副词一般放在被修饰词前,而enough则放在它所修饰的词后。

eg. He is old enough to go to school.

(三)形容词和副词的比较等级

1.比较级、最高级的构成

(1)单音节和少数双音节词

①一般在词尾加er或est

great――greater――greatest,young――younger――youngest,slow→slower→slowest

②以e结尾的只加r或st

nice――nicer――nicest,large――larger―largest.

③以辅音字母加y结尾的,先变y为i,再加er或est

heavy――heavier――heaviest, easy――easier――>easiest,

busy――busier――busiest, funny――funnier――+funniest,

early――earlier→earliest

④以重读闭音节结尾的词,先双写最末的一个辅音字母,再加er或est

big――bigger――biggest, thin――thinner――>thinnest,fat―fatter→fattest,

fitt―fitter→fittest

(2)多音节和部分双音节词,前加more为比较级,加(the)most为最高级

careful→more careful――most careful

useful――more useful――most useful

popular→more popular→most popular

carelessly――more carelessly――most carelessly

(3)不规则变化的.词

good/well→better→best

bad/ill/badly→worse→worst

many/much→more→most

little→less→least

old→older/elder→oldest(指年龄大小)/eldest(指长幼顺序)

far→farther/further→farthest(指距离)/furthest(指程度)

2.形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法

(1)形容词和副词比较级的用法

①用于两者比较,表示“比…更…”:

“A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B,

eg.I am two years older than my little sister.

“A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+B:

eg. She gets to school earlier than the other students.

②用于两者之间的同级比较,表示“…和…一样”:

“A+系动词+as+形容词原级+as+B,

eg.Bill is as funny as his father.

“A+谓语动词+as+副词原级+as+B”

eg.Lucy speaks Chinese as well as Lily.

③表示甲在某方面不如乙:

“A+系动词+notas/so+形容i司原级+as十B”

eg.These books aren’t as interesting as those.

“A+助动词/情态动词+not+谓语动词+aS/SO+B”

eg.She didn’t sing sO well that night as she usually does.

④表示某个范围内的两者相比:

“A十动词十the+比较级+of短语(比较范围)” eg.Penny is the taller of the two girls.Penny是这两个女孩中较高的一个。

⑤表示“越来越…”:“比较级+and+比较级”

eg.In spring the days are getting longer and longer. 在春天,白天变得越来越长。

⑥表示“越…越…”:“the+比较级…the+比较级”

eg.The mort:you practice using English,the better you’ll learn it 你英语练得越多,就会学得越好。

①可以用much,far,even,a bit,a little,a lot等修饰比较级表示程度,但决不可用very修饰。

eg.Tom is a little taller than Mike.Tom比Mike稍高一点;

it is even colder today than yesterday. 今天甚至比昨天更冷

⑧在比较级中,为了避免重复,可用that或those代替前面提到过的事情。

eg.The weather here is much hotter than that Ofour hometown.这儿比我的老家热得多。

The pants in this shop are a lot better than those in that shop.这家商店的裤子比那家商店的裤子质量好得多。

(3)形容词和副词最高级的用法

对三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时用最高级。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the,副词最高级前可加the,也可省掉the;后面可带of/in短浯来说明比较范围:

“主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of短语/in短语”

eg.She is the youngest Of all.

“A+谓语动词+(the)+最高级+of短语/in短语”

eg.Linda draws most carefully in her class.

篇15:托业考试高频词汇:形容词小结

1 fragile 易碎的

2 latter 后者

3 latest 最新的

4 later 过一会,过后

5 eligible 合格的 illegible 难懂的

6 edible 可食用的 audible 可听到的

7 duplicate 副本的,复制的

8 potamic 河川的

9 faulty 有错误的 ~ transformer 变压器

10 supersonic 超音速的

篇16:托业考试高频词汇:形容词小结

11 foremost 首要的

12 affluent 富足的

13 explicit 明晰的

14 implicit 暗含的

15 hustle-bustle 熙来攘往

16 obese 肥胖的

17 manifold 各样的,多种

18 imprudent 轻率的

19 effete 疲惫枯竭

20 ebullient 沸腾的,热情洋溢的

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