LSAT考试全真题一SECTION4

由荷兰豆豆豆 分享时间：2023-09-17 11:30:57 收藏本文

【简介】感谢网友“荷兰豆豆豆”参与投稿，以下是小编帮大家整理的LSAT考试全真题一SECTION4（共6篇），仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

篇1：LSAT考试全真题一SECTION4

section iv

time-35 minutes

26 questions

directions: the questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. for some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. however, you are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. you should not make assumptions that are by commonsense standards implausible, superfluous, or incompatible with the passage. after you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.

1.the recent increases in health insurance premiums are unnecessary and excessive. while the inflation rate is and has been stable at 5 percent for the past five years, during the same period the average cost of health insurance has increased annually by 10 to 20 percent. recent studies show that the population is healthier now than ever before, and thus indicate that the insurance comparuies' claims of higher health-care costs are unfounded and merely relect the quest for higher profits.

which one of the following statements, if true undermunes the conclusion in the passage?

(a) the incidence of lung cancer among men who smoke has decreased in recent years.

(b) improvements in health have occurred because of a dramatic increase in the use of expensive medical equipment, tests, and drugs.

(c) increased health insurance premiums will force some people to drop their medical coverage, thus adversely affecting their future health.

(d) health insurance currently covers fewer health problems than it did in the past

(e) though there are fewer health insurance companies today, their earnings are higher than they have ever been.

2.in the open ocean, a shark will catch almost any small fish it decides to attack. the best chance a small fish has, once it is spotted by a hungry shark, it that the shark will promptly find something else to attack.therefore, one of the benefits gained by small fish that swim in large groups known as schools is a reduced cnance of being attacked by a shark.

which one of the following statements is an assumption on which the author's argument depends?

(a) sharks live primarily on a diet of small fish

(b) sharks do not eat an entire school of fish at one time.

(d) sharks are the main danger to small fish in the open ocean.

(e) small fish are able to sense when they are being spotted by sharks.

questions 3-4

publicly owned resources will always be abused. take the example of cattle grazing. where the individual has free access to publiclv owned rangeland, he or she always has an incentive to graze more and more cattle regardless of the consequences, because the benefits are captured by the individual grazer while the costs of reduced range quality are borne by all taxpayers. private landowners are less likely to abuse their own land, however, because they must pay the entire cost.

3.which one of the following, if true, would most tend to weaken the author's argument for the conclusion that publicly owned resources will always be abused?

(a) many people who privately own resources abuse them in sume of the personal consequences.

(b) some publicly owned resources are so extensive that it would take widespread abuse before their juallty is affected.

(d) people do not want to lose access to public resources, yet they realize that they will if those resources are ruined through abuse.

(e) resources are always devalued when everyone has access to them because they are no longer a rare commodity in high demand.

4.which one of the following could be best supported by the same type of reasoning as that exhibited in the passage?

(a) the supply of beverages at the annual office picnic will last longer if people pay for them on a per-beverage basis rather than everyone in the office being charged a flat fee.

(b) a math teacher provides his students with after-school tutoring on several days because no single day is good for everyone.

(c) a tennis club starts charging flat annual membership fees instead of pay-as-you-play court fees in order to ensure a regular club income.

(d) a social service agency varies its charges for services because some people are able to pay more than others.

(e) a tobacco tax is instituted in order to fund improvements in public education

5.the city is vigorously enforcing the ordinance against allowing individuals to sleep in the bus depot. the mayor argues that such vigorous enforcement is fair, evenhanded, and administered in the best traditions of equal treatment for all “no one can sleep in the bus depot,” the mayor has said, “whether you're homefess or the chief executive of a major corporation.” this brings to mind a remark once made by a political commentator. the law in its majestic equality, forbids the rich as well as the poor to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets, and to steal bread, it's time for the mayor to come to rus senses.

the passage as a whole is structured to lead which one of the following conclusions?

(a) people should not be treated equally with respect to enforcing the ordinance vigorously.

(b) everyone should be treated equally with respect to enforcing the ordinance vigorously.

(d) the law holds poor people to stricter standards than it does rich people.

(e) in a truly equal legal system, no one would sleep in bus depots.

6.although physicians are alleged to hide their colleagues' medical incompetence, today that practice could be professional suicide. because so many medical advances are well-known by all doctors, obscuring someone's incompetent procedure is almost impossible when a claimant choose to pursue a case. thus, in malpractice suits, physicians risk their own reputations if they testify falsely to protect their friends.

which one of the following is an assumption supporting the conclusion in the passage?

(a) physicians' professional success depends upon their good reputations.

(b) incompetent physicians should be exposed before they commit malpractice.

(d) physicians should do everything possible to protect themselves from malpractice claims.

(e) times have changed and physicians today must keep up on all medical advances.

questions 7-8

the economy is in a dismal state, universities are suffering from cutbacks, and many students must turn to any source of funds available if they are to make endsmeet. faced with this situation, the university has terminated the employment of some of its more productive departmental workers. why? university regulations prohibit a student's receiving financial aid and then working for an auxiliary income that exceeds a specified limit. employees whose incomes had reached that limit employees whose incomes had reached that limit were terminated. now, the university must find other employees. unfortunately, though, the university's choice of students to fill the positions will not be based upon their abilities to perform, or even upon their financial need, but upon how much money they have made.

7.it may be concluded from information in the passage that the university

(a) has fired some student-employees and is looking for other student-employees to replace them

(b) has lost some full-time employees and will replace them with part-time student-employees

(d) anticipates losing some employees and has already begun to seek replacements

(e) anticipates paying new employees lower wages than the former employees received

8.which one of the following is the best statement or the primary point of the passage?

(a) good student-employees should be able to obtain financial aid and, at the same time, earn auxiliary incomes without limits.

(b) in the face of a declining economy, universities need to be more lenient in their financial aid policies.

(d) decisions about student employment should be based entirely upon each student's financial need.

(e) due to the problems created by a dismal economy, some student-workers have lost their jobs.

question 9-10

any person who drops out of high school will be unemployed unless he or she finds a low-paying job or has relative with good business connections.

9.which one of the following conclusions cannot be validly drawn from the statement above?

(a) any person who drops out of high school will be unemployed, have a low-paying job, or have relatives with good business connections.

(b) any high school dropout who has neither a low-paying job nor relatives with good business connections will be unemployed.

(c) any employed person who has neither a low-paying job nor relatives with good business connections is not a high school dropout.

(d) any high school dropout who has a job that is not low-paying must have relatives with good business connections.

(e) any person who has relatives with good business connections and who is not a high school dropout must be employed at a job that is not low-paying.

10. assume that tom is employed and does not have a low-paying job. which one of the following statements, when added to this assumption, contradicts the original statement made in the statement above?

(a) tom is a high school dropout

(b) tom does not have relatives with good business connections.

(d) tom is completed high school and has relatives with good business connections.

(e) tom has relatives with good business connections.

11. a man who survived a recent train wreck in which several lives were lost were lost was asked whether he was now afraid of taking the train he reasoned, “i've read that the likelihood of a train wreck is about one in every 100,000 times a train leaves a station. so i'll start fearing for my safety after the trains have logged another 95,000 or so trips.”

the source of the man's erroneous reasoning is his

(a) misunderstanding of “likelihood” in relation to train wrecks

(b) assumption that all train wrecks are alike

(d) failure to recognize that there may be fewer future train trips as a result of the recent wreck

(e) assumption that personal fear and the occurrence of train wrecks are unrelated

questions 12-13

chris:murderers should be sentenced to life in prison, not subjected to the death penalty. a life sentence is enough to deter any convicted murderer from killing again. moreover, even the worst offenders may sbsequently undergo a miraculous rehabilitation-a possibility that is eliminated by the death penalty. the bird man of alcatraz, a notorious convicted murderer, is a case in point. he raised canaries while in prison and ultimately became an acknowledged authority on the subject.

dana: but the bird man of alcatraz killed another inmate while in prison. what would you do to deter him from committing yet another murder-take away his birds?

12. each of the following can be inferred from chris's argument except

(a) all convicted murderers will be deterred from killing again if given life sentences.

(b) any convicted murderer could undergo a miracious rehabilitation.

(d) the threat of life imporisionment is adequate to deter potential murderers.

(e) becoming an acknowiedged authority on canaries is evidence of one person's rehabilitation.

13. dana most seriously weakens chris's argument by doing which one of the following?

(a) making a personal attack on the bird man of alcatraz

(b) giving a counterexample to the principle offered by chris that life imprisonment is from killing again.

(d) suggesting that chris's argument is based on an atypical case

(e) demonstrating that it is impossible to prevent a convicted murderer from committing another murder while in prison.

14. common patterns of fallacious reasoning are endemic to everyday life and once adopted cannot be corrected. poor reasoning skills waste public and private money, make people less efficient and productive, and diminish our national capacity to compete abroad. but within the past few years, a “thinking skillis” movement has arisen. the teaching of reasoning skills is part of this larger movement to make students think more critically. increasingly, as part of the teaching of decision-making, college students are successfully learning to avoid common patterns of fallacious reasoning that they habitually commit, and, in the process,to acquire sound reasoning skills.

which one of the following indentifies the most serious iogical flaw that this passage contains?

(a) the passage fails to establish a connection between the teaching of decision-making and the teaching of reasoning skills.

(b) the passage contradicts itself by both affirming and denying that patterns of fallacious reasoning can be corrected.

(c) the passage uses circular reasoning by first stating that patterns of fallacious reasoning diminish our capacious reasoning diminish our capacity for competition and then asserting that lack of competition leads to a lessenung of skills.

(d) the passage makes an unwarranted inference from improving thinking skills to teaching reasoning skills.

(e) the passage fails to link the teaching of decision-making to the larger movement to make students think more critically.

questions 15-16

our society overestimates the contributions of science to the quest for knowledge. independent of whether great strides have been made in the ability to predict natural events, knowledge at any deeper level, knowledge of things we cannot experience directly, is as illusory as ever. such knowledge is illusory because incompatible theories may always be postulated to explain observations. how can we “know” which one is correct? further observations may narrow the possibilities, but there are alwaysalternatives, at least in principle. who is to say that today's theories will fare any better than those which, though once accepted, were replaced by wholly different conceptions, of nature? it is the height of gullibility or presumption to invest special credence in the current scientific fashion.

15. which one of the following best expresses the author's conclusion in the passage?

(a) science is considerably less valuable than other approaches to producing knowledge.

(b) changes in and differences among scientific theories do not result in genuine progress.

(d) the ability of science to produce knowledge is overrated.

(e) currently accepted scientific theories, however well accepted, are probably self-contradictory

16. which one of the following claims is central to the author's argument?

(a) alternative explanations are possible for any set of observations about nature.

(b) science has made substantial progress in the ability to predict natural events.

(d) it is important that scientists distinguish between prediction and explanation.

(e) the judgment of scientists as to which theories to accept is suspect, as they tend to follow the latest scientific fashion.

17. the recent dramatic increase in commuter airline crashes is caused in large part by pilot inexperience. as a major growth industry, the commuter airlines have recently had a great increase in the demand for experienced pilots. it is impossible to define and assess pilot experience, however. for example, someone with 1000 hours of flight experience as an instructor in arizona, where the weather is good,cannot be compared to someone with 1000 hours' experience as a night cargo pilot in the stormy northeastern united states.

the author's conclusion that the dramatic increase in commuter airline crashes is caused by pilot inexperience is most weakened by the fact that the author has

(a) argued that it is impossible to measure “pilot experience”

(b) used an example that does not relate logically to the point being illustrated

(d) made an unfair comparison between experience as a flight instructor and experience as a night cargo pilot

(e) not specified how much of the recent increase in commuter airline crashes is due to pilot inexperience

18. brand x laundry detergent sells for $2.00 a box brand y sells for $4.00 a box. therefore, you will save money if you use brand x laundry detergent instead of brand x.

which one of the following if true would make the conclusion in the passage a logical conclusion?

(a) it takes only one cup of brand x to do the work of one and one-half cups of brand y.

(b) a box of brand x contains the same amount of inaundry detergent as a box of brand y.

(d) more than twice as many people use brand x as use brand y.

(e) brand x and brand y normally sell for $3.00 a box, but brand x is one safe and brand y has been marked up.

19. in a recent advertisement, a major cereal company contended that the better educated people are the more likely it is that as children they regularly ate oatmeal. as evidence, the company cited a national random survey of college graduates in which four-fifths of all those surveyed reported having eaten oatmeal at least once a week when they were young.

which one of the following is an additional piece of information that would support the cereal company's conclusion?

(a) four-fifths of all current college graduates eat oatmeal regularly.

(b) fewer than four-fifths of those without a college degree ate oatmeal regularly when they were children.

(c) among people who have additional education beyond college, four-fifths ate oatmeal regularly when they were children.

(d) more than four-fifths of the population at large-college graduates and nongraduates combined-ate oatmeal regularly when they were children.

(e) those college graduates who did not eat oatmeal regularly when they were children did eat oatmeal on an occasional basis.

20. of the ten professional tennis players who are generally considered the greatest of all time, six had no brothers or sisters. however, only a small portion of the general population is made up of such “only children.” clearly, if you are a professional tennis player, you have a better chance of being considered among the greatest if you are an only child.

which one of the following, if true, would undermine the argument in the passage?

(a) some great tennis players never play professionally.

(b) ascribing “greatness” to tennis players is necessarily subjective.

(d) an only child tends to be better at individual sports than at team sports.

(e) parents who have only one child have more time to invest in the child's tennis career than do other parents.

21. the west does not escape the effects of its relationship with the non-western world. even as an individual fails to develop fully without constant interaction with an equal, a tradition of thought loses vitality and lacks the capacity for rigorous self-criticism without the probing presence of an authentic “other.” in the absence of constant and critical dialogue with other traditions. western thought remains parochial, commonplace, and narrow.

which one of the following techniques of argument does the author use in the passage?

(a) identifying a point of similarity between two different states of affairs

(b) reconciling two opposed sets of circumstances with each other

(d) deriving a conclusion from a set of conflicting assumptions

(e) taking advantage of inconsistencies in the definition of a critical term

22. george: the economics taught in college is very confusing-and that's because it's all wrong.

harold: if it's all wrong, why is college economics still force-fed to students?

george: it's very difficult to learn something that's all wrong, and if, by chance, someone does waste all that time and learn it, he or she will be inclined to defend it ferociously and pass it on to others

which one of the following, if true, would most directly challenge george's reasoning?

(a) many college graduates who have taken economics go on to successful careers in a variety of other fields.

(b) college students who major in economics tend to earn higher grades in economics than in their other subjects.

(d) many economics professors agree with journal articles that strongly criticize college economics.

(e) interviews five years after graduation show that economics majors are just as likely to say that their college experience was enjoyable as are those who did not major in economics.

23. the existentialists are right about one thing we are alone, radically alone. the proof is obvious. suppose you were born with a physiology that permitted you to perceive only negative images, that is, you saw black where everyone else saw white and white where everyone else saw black. nevertheless, you would learn to call what you saw as black by the name “white” because this is what you would be taught, and there would be no way that you could discover your error.

which one of the following can be validly inferred from the statements in the argument above?

(a) some people are born with reversed perceptions of black and white, and they cannot discover this

(b) people with reversed perceptions of black and white would not choose their words any differently from anyone else

(d) the existentialists claim that some people are born with reversed perceptions of black and white.

(e) the existentialists claim that people mean different things when they use the words “black” and “white.”

24. odysseus answered well when the priests showed him a picture of those who had honored the gods and then escaped shipwreck, and asked him whether he did not now acknowledge the power of the gods-“yes,” he asked, but where are those pictured who were drowned after their prayers? and such is the way of all superstitions; wherein humans,having a delight in such vanities, mark the events where they are fulfilled, but where they fail, though this happens much oftener negiect and pass them by.

which one of the following contains the error of reasoning described by the author in the passage?

(a) i have discovered that friday the 13th really is a day of misfortune. just this past friday the 13th, i locked myself out of the house.

(b) although napoleon and alexander the great were short, abraham lincoln and charles de gaulle were tall. so short people seek leadership in order to overcome feelings of inferiority.

(c) every semester for the past 15 years, an average of 10 percent of ms. elliot's history students have dropped her course before the exam. so, it seems likely that we can expect 10 percent to drop out this year.

(d) no reliable observer has ever actually seen a yeti. the strongest evidence seems to be some suspicious tracks. so i thing this search for a yeti is probably a wild-goose chase.

(e) i cannot trust my lucky shirt any longer wore it to the game today and our team lost.

25. a well-known former quarterback is probably very adept at analyzing the relative strengths of football teams. however, efforts by television advertisers to suggest that the quarterback is an expert on pantyhose or popcorn poppers should arouse skepticism among viewers. the same response should result when a popular television actor, who is frequently cast in the role of a doctor, appears in a commercial to endorse a brand of decaffeinated coffee. his views on television acting would deserve attention since he has had considerable experience in that field, but viewers have every right to doubt his authority in coffee advertisements.

which one of the following is a presupposition essential to the reasoning in the passage above?

(a) the strength of authoritative evidence as legitimate proof is closely related to the authority's degree of expertness in the area in question.

(b) practical experience counts for more than academic trairng in assessing the competence of authorities.

(d) the viewing audience is not sufficlently capable of evaluating authoritative appeals in advertisements.

(e) television viewers will somehow mentally transfer the credibility of celebrities in one area of expertise to another represented by the product being advertised.

26. judging by the box office receipts, film audiences have had a surfeit of spectacular special effects and are more interested in good drama comedy, or engaging action than in seeing yet another spaceship explode.film producers are getting the message, so in the coming year expect ___

which one of the following best concludes the author s statement?

(a) more science fiction in an effort to increase box office receipts

(b) fewer spaceships exploding, but no change in the amount of the other spectacular special effects used in science fiction

(c) the pendulum to swing away from science fiction, providing science fiction films continue to use spectacular special effects

(d) more spectacular effects along with increasing levels of difficult stunt work

(e) more films combining good drama with spectacular special effects

篇2：LSAT考试全真题二SECTION4

section iv

time-35 minutes

27 questions

directions: each passage in this section is followed by a group of questions to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implies in the passage for some of the questions more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. however you are to choose the best answer that is the response that most accurately and completely answers the question and blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet

three kinds of study have been performed on byron. there is the biographical study-the very valuable examination of byron's psychology and the events in his life. escarpit's 1958 work is an example

(5) of this kind of study and biographers to this day continue to speculate about byron's life. equally valuable is the study of byron as a figure important in the history of ideas; russell and prza have written studies of this kind. finally, there are

(10)studies that primarily consider byron's poetry. such inerary studies are valuable however only when they avoid concentrating solely on analyzing the verbal shadings of byron's poetry to the exclusion of any discussion of biographical considerations. a

(15)study with such a concentration would be of questionable value because byron's poetry, for the most part, is simply not a poetry of subtle verbal most part, is simply not a poetry of subtle verbal meanings. rather, on the whole, byron's poerns record the emotional pressure of certain moments

(20)in his life. i believe we cannot often read a poem of bvron's we often can one of shakespeare's without wondering what events or circumstances in his life prompted him to write it.

no doubt the fact that most of byron's poems

(25)cannot be convincingly read as subtle verbal creations indicates that byron is not a “great” poet. it must be admitted too that byron's literary craftsmanship is irregular and often his temperament disrupts even his lax literrary method

(30)(although the result an absence of method has a significant purpose: it functions as a rebuke to a cosmos that byron feels he cannot understand). if byron is not a “great” poet his poetry is nonetheless of extrtaordinary interest to us because

(35)of the pleasure it gives us: our main pleasure in reading byron's poetry is the contact with a singular personality. reading his work gives us illumination-self-understanding-after we have seen our weaknesses and aspirations mirrored in

(40)the personality we usually find in the poems. anyone who thinks that this kind of illumination is not a genuine reason for reading a poet should think carefully about why we read donne's sonnets.

it is byron and byron's idea of himself that hold

(45)his work together (and that enthralled early nineteenth-century europe different characters speak in his poems, but finally it is usually he himself who is speaking a far cry from the impersonal poet keats. byron's poetry alludes to)

(50)greek and roman myth in the context of contemporary affairs, but his work remains generally of a piece because of his close presence in the poetry. in sum, the poetry is a shrewd personal performance, and to shut out byron the man is to

(55)fabricate a work of pseudocriticism.

1.which one of the following titles best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(a) an absence of method. why byron is not a “great” poet

(b) byron: the recurring presence in byron's poetry

(d) byron's poetry: its influence on the imagination of early-nineteenth-century europe

(e) verbal shadings: the fatal flaw of twentieth-century literary criticism

2. the author's mention of russell and praz serves primarily to

(a) differentiate them from one another

(b) contrast their conclusions about byron with those of escarptt

(d) provide examples of writers who have written one kind of study of byron

(e) give credit to the writers who have composed the best studies of byrson

3.which one of the following would the author most likely consider to be a valuable study of byron?

(a) a study that compared byron's poetic style with keats' poetic style

(b) a study that argued that byron's thought ought not to be analyzed in terms of its importance in the history of ideas

(d) a study in which a literary critic argues that the language of byron's poetry was more subtle than that of keat's poetry

(e) a study in which a literary critic drew on experiences from his or her own life

4.which one of the following statements best describes the organization of first paragraph of the passage?

(a) a generalization is made and then gradually refuted

(b) a number of theories are discussed and then the author chooses the most convincing one

(d) a historical trend is delineated and then a prediction about the future of the trend is offered

(e) a classification is made and then a rival classification is substituted in its place

5.the author mentions that “byron's literary craftsmanship is irregular” (lines 27-28) most probably in order to

(a) contrast byron's poetic skill with that of shakespeare

(b) dismiss craftsmanship as a standard by which to judge poets

(d) pornt out a negative consequence of byron's belief that the cosmos is mcomprehensible

(e) mdicate the most-often-cited explanation of why byron's poetry lacks subtle verbal nuances

6.according to the autohor shakespeare's poems differ from byron's in that shakespeare's poems

(a) have elicited a wider variety of responses from both literary critics and biographers

(b) are on the whole less susceptible to being read as subtle verbal creations

(d) provide the attentive reader with a greater degree of illumination concerning his or her own weaknesses and aspirations

(e) can often be read without the reader's being curious about what biographical factors motivated the poet to write them

7.the author indicates which one of the following about biographers speculation concerning byron's life?

(a) such speculation began in earnest with escarpit's study

(b) such speculation continues today

(d) such speculation has not given us a satisfactory sense of byron's life

(e) such speculation has been carried out despite the objections of literary critics

8.the passage supplies specific information that provides a definitive answer to which one of the following questions?

(a) what does the author consider to be the primary enjoyment derived from reading byron?

(b) who among literary critics has primarily studied byron's poems?

(d) has byron ever been considered to be a “great” poet?

(e) did byron exert an influence on europeans in the latter part of the nineteenth century?

the united states supreme court has not always resolved legal issues of concern to native americans in a manner that has pleased the indian nations. many of the court's decisions have been

(5) products of political compromise that looked more to the temper of the times than to enduring principles of law. but accommodation is part of the judicial system in the united states, and judicial decisions must be assessed with this fact in mind.

(10)despite the “accommodating” nature of the judicial system, it is worth noting that the power of the supreme court has been exercised in a manner that has usually been beneficial to native americans, at least on minor issues and has not

(15)been wholly detrimental on the larger, more important issues. certainly there have been decisions that cast doubt on the validity of this assertion. some critics point to the patronizing tone of many court opinions and the apparent rejection

(20)of native american values as important points to consider when reviewing a case. however the validity of the assertion can be illustrated by reference to two important contributions that have resulted from the exercise of judicial power.

(25) first the court has created rules of judicial construction that in general favor the rights of native american litigants. the court's attitude has been conditioned by recognition of the distinct disadvantages native americans faced when

(30)dealing with settlers in the past. treaties were inevitably written in english for the benefit of their authors, whereas tribal leaders were accustomed to making treaties without any written account, on the strength of mutual promises sealed by religious

(35)commitment and individual integrity. the written treaties were often broken and native americans were confronted with fraud and native americans were confronted with fraud and political and military aggression. the court recognizes that past unfairness to native americans cannot be

(40)sanctioned by the force of law. therefore, ambiguities in treaties are to be interpreted in favor of the native american claimants treaties are to be interpreted as the native americans would have understood them and under the reserved rights

(45)doctrine treaties reserve to native americans all rights that have not been specifically granted away in other treaties.

a second achievement of the judicial system is the protection that has been provided against

(50)encroachment by the states into tribal affairs. federal judges are not inclined to view favorably efforts to extend states powers and jurisdictions because of the direct threat that such expansion poses to the exercise of federal powers. in the

(55)absence of a federal statute directly and clearly allocating a function to the states federal judges are inclined to reserve to reserve for the federal government-and powers and rights they can be said to have

(60)possessed historically

9.according to the passage, one reason why the united states supreme court “has not always resolved legal issues of concern to native americans in a manner that has pleased the indian nations” (lines 1-4) is that

(a) native americans have been prevented from presenting their concerns persuasively

(b) the court has failed to recognize that the indian nations' concerns are different from those of other groups or from those of the federal government

(d) native americans faced distinct disadvantages in dealing with settlers in the past

(e) the court has made political compromises in deciding some cases

10. it can be inferred that the objections raised by the critics mentioned in line 18 would be most clearly answered by a united states supreme court decision that

(a) demonstrated respect for native americans and the principles and qualities they consider important

(b) protected the rights of the states in conflicts with the federal government

(d) reflected consideration of the hardships suffered by native americans because of unfair treaties

(e) prevented repetition of inequities experienced by native americans in the past

11. it can be inferred that the author calls the judicial system of the united states “accommodating” (line 10) primarily in order to

(a) suggest that the decisions of the united states supreme court have been less favorable to native americans than most people believe

(b) suggest that the united states supreme court should be more supportive of the goals of native americans

(d) indicate that the united states supreme court has made creditable efforts to recognize the values of native americans

(e) indicate that the united states supreme court attempts to be fair to all parties to a case

12. the author's attitude toward the united states supreme court's resolution of legal issues of concern to native americans can best be described as one of

(a) wholehearted endorsement

(b) restrained appreciation

(d) cautious opposition

(e) suppressed exasperation

13. it can be inferred that the author believes that the extension of the states' powers and jurisdictions with respect to native american affairs would be

(a) possible only with the consent of the indian nations

(b) favorably viewed by the united states supreme court

(d) detrimental to the interests of native americans

(e) discouraged by most federal judges in spite of legal precedents supporting the extension

14. the author's primary purpose is to

(a) contrast opposing views

(b) reevaluate traditional beliefs

(d) assess the claims made by disputants

(e) provide evidence to support a contention

15. it can be inferred that the author believes the united states supreme court's treatment of native americans to have been

(a) irremproachable on legal grounds

(b) reasonably supportive in most situations

(d) misguided but generally harmless

(e) harmful only in a few minor cases

when catastrophe strikes, analysts typically blame some combination of powerful mechanisms. an earthquake is traced to an immense instability along a fault line; a stock market crash is blamed on

(5) the destabilizing effect of computer trading. these explanations may well be correct. but systems as large and complicated as the earth's crust or the stock market can break down not only under the force of a mighty blow but also at the drop of a pin.

(10)in a large interactive system, a minor event can start a chain reaction that leads to a catastrophe.

traditionally, investigators have analyzed large interactive systems in the same way they analyze small orderly systems, mainly because the methods

(15)developed for small systems have proved so successful. they believed they could predict the behavior of a large interactive system by studying its elements separately and by analyzing its component mechanisms individually. for lack of a better

(20)theory, they assumed that in large interactive systems the response to a disturbance is proportional to that disturbance.

during the past few decades, however, it has become increasingly apparent that many large

(25)complicated systems do not yield to traditional analysis. consequently, heorists have proposed a “theory of self-organized criticality” many large interactive systems evolve naturally to a critical state in which a minor event starts a chain reaction

(30)that can affect any number of elements in the system. although such systems produce more minor events than catastrophes, the mechanism that leads to minor events is the same one that leads to major events.

(35)a deceptively simple system serves as a paradigm for self-organized criticality: a pile of sand. as sand is poured one grain at a time onto a fiat disk the grains at first stay close to the position where they land. soon they rest on top of one

(40)another creating a pile that has a gentle slope. now and then, when the lope becomes too steep the grains slide down causing a small avalanche. the system reaches its critical state when the amount of sand added is balanced; on average, by the amount

(45)falling off the edge of the disk.

now when a grain of sand is added, it can start an avalanche of any size, including a “catastrophic” event. most of the time the grain will fall so that no avalanche occurs. by studying a specific area of the

(50)pile, one can even predict whether avalanches will occur there in the near future. to such a local observer, however, large avalanches would remain unpredictable because they are a consequence of the total history of the entire pile. no matter what

(55)the local dynamics are catastrophic avalanches would persist at a relative frequency that cannot be altered: criticality is a global property of the sandpile.

16.the passage provides support for all of the following generalizations about large interactive systems except:

(a) they can evolve to a critical state.

(b) they do not always yield to traditional analysis

(d) they are subject to the effects of chain reactions

(e) they are subject to more minor events than major events.

17. according to the passage, the criticality of a sandpile is determined by the

(a) size of the grains of sand added to the sandpile

(b) number of grains of sand the sandpile contains

(d) shape of the surface on which the sandpile rests

(e) balance between the amount of sand added to and the amount lost from the sandplie

18. it can be inferred from the passage that the theory employed by the investigators mentioned in the second paragraph would lead one to predict that which one of the following would result from the addition of a grain of sand to a sandpile?

(a) the grain of sand would never cause anything more than a minor disturbance

(b) the grain of sand would usually cause a minor disturbance, but would occasionally cause a small avalanche

(c) the grain of sand would usually cause either minor disturbance or a small avalanche, but would occasionally cause a catastrophic event

(d) the grain of sand would usually cause a catastrophic event, but would occasionally cause only a small avalanche or an event more minor disturbance

(e) the grain of sand would invariably cause a catastrophic event

19. which one of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

(a) a traditional procedure is described and its application to common situations is endorsed: its shortcomings in certain rare but critical circumstances are then revealed

(b) a common misconception is elaborated and its consequences are described a detailed example of one of these consequences is then given.

(c) a general principle is stated and supported by several examples; an exception to the rule is then considered and its importance evaluated

(d) a number of seemingly unrelated events are categorized: the underlying processes that connect them are then detailed

(e) a traditional method of analysis is discussed and the reasons for its adoption are explained: an alternative is then described and clarified by means of an example.

20. which one of the following is most analogous to the method of analysis employed by the investigators mentioned in the second paragraph?

(a) a pollster gathers a sample of voter preferences and on the basis of this information makes a prediction about the outcome of an election

(b) a historian examines the surviving documents detailing the history of a movement and from these documents reconstructs a chronology of the events that initiated the movement

(c) a meteorologist measures the rainfall over a certain period of the year and from this data calculates the total annual rainfall for the region.

(d) a biologist observes the behavior of one species of insect and from these observations generalizes about the behavior of insects as a class.

(e) an engineer analyzes the stability of each structural element of a bridge and from these analyses draws a conclusion about the structural soundness of the bridge.

21. in the passage, the author is primarily concerned with

(a) arguing against the abandonment of a traditional approach

(b) describing the evolution of a radical theory

(d) illustrating the superiority of a new theoretical approach

(e) advocating the reconsideration of an unfashionable explanation

historians have long accepted the notion that women of english descent who lived in the english colonies of north america during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were better off than either

(5) the contemporary women in england or the colonists' own nineteenth-century daughters and granddaughters. the “golden age” theory originated in the 1920 with the work of elizabeth dexter who argued that there were relatively few

(10)women among the colonists, and that all hands-male and female-were needed to sustain the growing settlements. rigid sex-role distionctions could no exist under such circumstances; female colonists could accordingly engage in whatever

(15)occupations they wished encountering few legal or social constraints if they sought employment outside the home. the surplus of mate colonists also gave women crucial bargaining power in the marriage marke since women's contributions were vital to

(20)the survival of colonial households.

dexter's portrait of female colonists living under conditions of rough equality with their male counterparts was eventualiy incorporated into studies of nineteenth-century middle-class women

(25)the contrast between the self-sufficient colonial woman and the oppressed nineteenth--century woman confined to her home by stultifying ideologies of domesticity and by the fact that industrialization eliminated employment

(30)opportunities for middle -class women gained an extraordinarily tenacious hold on historians. even scholars who have questioned the “golden age” view of colonial women's status have continued to accept the paradigm of a nineteenth-century

(35)decline from a more desirable past. for example. joan hofi-wilson asserted that there was no “golden age” and yet emphasized that the nineteenth century brought “increased loss of function and authentic status for” middle-class

(40) women

recent publications about colonial women have exposed the concept of a decline in status as simplistic and unsophisticated, a theory that based its assessment of colonial women's status solely on

(45)one factor (their economic function in society) and assumed all too readily that a relatively simple social system automatically brought higher standing to colonial women. the new scholarship presents a far more complicated picture, one in which

(50)definitions of gender roles, the colonial economy, demographic patterns, religion, the law, and household organization all contributed to defining the circumstances of colonial women's lives. indeed, the primary concern of modern scholarship is not to

(55)generalize about women's status but to identify the specific changes and continuities in women's lives during the colonial period. for example, whereas change for colonial women before 1800 the new

(60)scholarship suggests that a three-part chronological division more accurately reflects colonial women's experiences. first was the initial period of english colonization (from the 1620s to about 1660); then a period during which patterns of family and

(65)community were challenged and reshaped (roughly from 1660 to 1750); and finally the era of revolution (approximately 1750 to 1815), which brought other changes to women's lives

22. which one of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(a) an earlier theory about the status of middle-class women in the nineteenth century has been supported by recent scholarship

(b) recent studies of middle-class nineteenth-century women have altered an earlier theory about the status of colonial women

(c) recent scholarship has exposed an earlier theory about the status of colonial women as too narrowly based and oversimplified

(d) an earlier theory about colonial women has greatly influenced recent studies on middle-class women in the nineteenth century

(e) an earlier study of middle-class women was based on insufficient research on the status of women in the nineteenth century

23. the author discusses hoff-wilson primarily in order to

(a) describe how dexter's theory was refuted by historians of nineteenth-century north america

(b) describe how the theory of middle-class women's nineteenth-century decline in siatus was developed

(d) demonstrate the persistent influence of the “golden age” theory

(e) provide an example of current research one the colonial period

24. it can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most likely to describe the views of the scholars mentioned in line 32 as

(a) unassailable

(b) innovative

(d) overly sophisticated

(e) without merit

25. it can be inferred from the passage that in proposing the “three-part chronological division” (lines 60-61), scholars recognized which one of the following?

(a) the circumstances of colonial women's lives were defined by a broad variety of social and economic factors

(b) women's lives in the english colonies of north america were similar to women's lives in seventeenth-and eighteenth-century england

(c) colonial women's status was adversely affected when patterns of family and community were established in the late seventeenth century

(d) colonial women's status should be assessed primarily on the basis of their economic function in society

(e) colonial women's status was low when the colonies were settled but changed significantly during the era of revolution

26. according to the author the publications about colonial women mentioned in the third paragraph had which one of the following effects?

(a) they undermined dexter's argument on the status of women colonists during the colonial period.

(b) they revealed the tenacity of the “golden age” theory in american history

(d) they established that women's status did not change significantly from the colonial period to the nineteenth century

(e) they provided support for earlier theories about women colonists in the english colonies of north america

27. practitioners of the new scholarship discussed in the last paragraph would be most likely to agree with which one of the following statements about dexter's argument?

(a) it makes the assumption that women's status is determined primarily by their political power in society

(b) it makes the assumption that a less complex social system necessarily confers higher status on women

(d) it places too much emphasis on the way definitions of gender roles affected women colonists in the colonial period

(e) it accurately describes the way women's status declined in the nineteenth century.

篇3：LSAT考试全真试题三SECTION4

section iv

time—35 minutes

27 questions

directions: each passage in this section is followed by a group of questions to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. for some of the questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. however, you are to choose the best answer, that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question, and blacken the corn conding space on your answer sheet.

musicoiogists concerned with the “london pianoforte school,” the group of composers, pedagogues, pianists, publishers, and builders who contributed to the development of the piano in london

(5) at the turn of the nineteenth century have long encountered a formidable obstacle in the general unavailability of music of this “school” in modern scholarly editions, indeed, much of this repertory has more or less vanished from our historical

(10) consciousness. granted, the sonatas and gradus ad parnassum of muzio clementi and the nocturnes of john field have remained farniliar enough (though more often than not in editions lacking scholarly rigor), but the work of other leading representatives, like

(15) johann baptist cramer and jan ladislav dussek, has eluded serious attempts at revival.

nicholas temperley s ambitious new anthology decisively overcomes this deficiency. what underscores the intrinsic value of temperley s editions

(20) is that the anthology reproduces nearly all of the original music in facsimile. making available this cross section of english musical life—some 800 works by 49 composers—should encourage new critical perspectives about how piano music evolved in

(25) england, an issue of considerable relevance to our understanding of how piano music developed on the european continent, and of how, finally, the instrument was transformed from the fortepiano to what we know today as the piano.

(30) to be sure, the london pianoforte school itself calls for review. “school” may well be too strong a word for what was arguably a group unified not so much by stylistic principles or aesthetic creed as by the geographical circumstance that they worked at

(35) various times in london and produced pianos and piano music for english pianos and english markets. indeed, temperley concedes that their “variety may be so great as to cast doubt on the notion of a school. ”

the notion of a school was first propounded by

(40) alexander ringer, who argued that laws of artistic survival forced the young, progressive beethoven to turn outside austria for creative models, and that he found inspiration in a group of pianists connected with clementi in london. ringer s proposed london

(45) pianoforte school did suggest a circumscribed and fairly unified group—for want of a better term, a school—of musicians whose influence was felt primarily in the decades just before and after 1800. after all, beethoven did respond to the advances of the

(50) broadwood piano—its reinforced frame, extended compass, triple strining, and pedsals, for example—and it is reasonable to suppose that london pianists who composed music for such an instrument during the critical phase of its development exercised no small

(55) degree of influence on continental musicians. nevertheless, perhaps the most sensible approach to this issue is to define the school by the period (c, 1766-1873) during which it flourished, as temperley has done in the anthology.

1. which one of the following most accurately states the author s main point?

(a) temperley has recently called into question the designation of a group of composers. pedagogues, pianists, publishers, and builders as the london pianoforte school

(b) temperley s anthology of the music of the london pianoforte school contributes significantly to an understanding of an influential period in the history of music.

(d) primary sources for musical manuserrpts provide the most reliable basis for musicological research.

(e) the development of the modern piano in england influenced composers and other musicians throughout europe.

2. it can be inferred that which one of the following is true of the piano music of the london pianoforte school?

(a) the nocturnes of john field typify the london pianoforte school style.

(b) the gradus ad parnassum of muzio clementi is the best-known work of these composers.

(d) prior to temperley s edition, no attempts to issue new editions of this music had been made.

(e) in modern times much of the music of this school has been little known even to musicians.

3. the author mentions the sonatas of muzio clementi and the nocturnes of john field as examples of which one of the following?

(a) works by composers of the london pianoforte school that have been preserved in rigorous scholarly editions

(b) works that are no longer remembered by most people

(d) works by composers of the london pianoforte school that are relatively wellknown

(e) works by composers of the london pianoforte school that have been revived by temperley in his anthology

4. which one of the following, if true, would most clearly undermine a portion of ringer s argument as the argument is described in the passage?

(a) musicians in austria composed innovative music for the broadwood piano as soon as the instrument became available.

(b) clementi and his followers produced most of their compositions between 1790 and 1810.

(d) the pianist-composers of the london pianoforte school shared many of the same stylistic principles.

(e) most composers of the london pianoforte school were born on the continent and were drawn to london by the work of clementi and his followers.

5. it can be inferred that the author uses the word “advances” (line 49) to refer to

(a) enticements offered musicians by instrument manufacturers

(b) improvements in the structure of a particular instrument

(d) stylistic elaborations made possible by changes in a particular instrument

(e) changes in musicians opinions about a particular instrument

6. it can be inferred from the passage as a whole that the author s purpose in the third paragraph is primarily to

(a) cast doubt on the usefulness of temperley s study of the london pianoforte school

(b) introduce a discussion of the coherency of the london pianoforte school

(d) emphasize the complex nature of the musicological elements shared by members of the london pianoforte school.

(e) identify the unique contributions made to music by the london pianoforte school

7. the author of the passage is primarily concerned with

(a) explaining the influence of the development of the pianoforte on the music of beethoven

(b) describing tempetley s view of the contrast between the development of piano music in england and the development of plano music elsewhere in europe

(c) presenting temperley s evaluation of the impact of changes in piano construction on styles and forms of music composed in the era of the london pianoforte school

(d) considering an altermnative theory to that proposed by ringer concerning the london pianoforte school

(e) discussing the contribution of temperley s anthology to what is known of the history of the london pianoforte school

8. it can be inferred that temperley s anthology treats the london pianoforte school as

(a) a group of pianist-composers who shared certain stylistic principles and arustic creeds

(b) a group of people who contributed to the development of piano music between 1766 and 1873

(d) a series of compositions for the pianoforte published in the decades just before and just after 1800

(e) a series of compositions that had a significant influence on the music of the continent in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries

what is “law”? by what processes do judges arrive at opinions. those documents that justify their belief that the “law” dictates a conclusion one way or the other? these are among the oldest questions in

(5) jurisprudence, debate about which has traditionally been dominated by representatives of two schools of thought: proponents of natural law, who see law as intertwined with a moral order independent of society s rules and mores, and legal positivists, who see law

(10) solely as embodying the commands of a society s ruling authority

since the early 1970s, these familiar questions have received some new and surprising answers in the legal academy. this novelty is in part a consequence of the

(15) increasing influence there of academic disciplines and intellectual traditions previously unconnected with the study of law. perhaps the most influential have been the answers given by the law and economics school. according to these legal economists, law consists and

(20) ought to consist of those rules that maximize a society s material wealth and that abet the efficient operation of markets designed to generate wealth. more controversial have been the various answers provided by members of the critical legal studies movement

(25) according to whom law is one among several cultural mechanisms by which holders of power seek to legitimate their domination. drawing on related arguments developed in anthropology, sociology, and history, the critical legal scholars contend that law is an

(30) expression of power, but not, as held by the positivists, the power of the legitimate sovereign government. rather, it is an expression of the power of elites who may have no legitimate authority, but who are intent on preserving the privileges of their race, class, or gender.

(35) in the mid-1970s, james boyd white began to articulate yet another interdiseiplinary response to the traditional questions, and in so doing spawned what is now known as the law and literature movement white has insisted that law, particularly as it is

(40) interpreted in judicial opinions, should be understood as an essentially literary activity. judicial opinions should be read and evaluated not primarily as political acts or as atte mpts to maximize society s wealth through efficient rules, but rather as artistic

(45) performances. and like all such performances, white argues, each judicial opinion attempts in its own way to promote a particular political or ethical value.

in the recent justice as translation, white argues that opinion-writing should be regarded as an act of

(50) “translation,” and judges as “translators.” as such, judges find themselves mediating between the authoritative legal text and the pressing legal problem that demands resolution. a judge must essentially “re-constitute” that text by fashioning a new one, which

(55) is faithful to the old text but also responsive to and informed by the conditions, constraints, and aspirations of the world in which the new legal problem has arisen.

9. which one of the following best states the main idea of the passage?

(a) within the last few decades, a number of novel approaches to jurisprudence have defined the nature of the law in diverse ways.

(b) within the last few decades, changes in society and in the number and type of cases brought to court have necessitated new methods of interpreting the law.

(c) of the many interdisciplinary approaches to jurisprudence that have surfaced in the last tow decades, the law and literature movement is the most intellectually coherent.

(d) the law and literature movement, first articulated by james boyd white in the mid-1970s, represents a synthesis of the many theories of jurisprudence inspired by the social sciences

(e) such traditional legal scholars as legal positivists and natural lawyers are increasingly on the defensive against attacks from younger, more progressive theorists.

10. according to the passage, judicial opinions have been described as each of the following except:

(a) political statements

(b) arcane statements

(d) artistic performances

(e) acts of translation

11. which one of the following statements is most compatible with the principles of the critical legal studies movement as that movement is described in the passage?

(a) laws governing the succession of power at the death of a head of state represent a synthesis of legal precedents, specific situations, and the values of lawmakers

(b) laws allowing income tax deductions for charitable contributions, though ostensibly passed by lawmakers, were devised by and are perpetuated by the rich

(c) laws governing the tariffs placed on imported goods must favor the continuation of mutually beneficial trade arrangements, even at the expense of long-standing legal precedent.

(d) laws governing the treatment of the disadvantaged and powerless members of a given society are an accurate indication of that society s moral state.

(e) laws controlling the electoral processes of a representative democracy have been devised by lawmakers to ensure the continuation of that governmental system.

12. which one of the following does the passage mention as a similarity between the critical legal studies movement and the law and literature movement?

(a) both offer explanations of how elites maintain their hold on power.

(b) both are logical extensions of either natural law or legal positivism.

(d) both rely on disciplines not traditionally connected with the study of law.

(e) both see the practice of opinion-writing as a mediating activity.

13. which one of the following can be inferred from the passage about the academic study of jurisprudence before the 1970s?

(a) it was concerned primarily with codifying and maintaining the privileges of elites.

(b) it rejected theories that interpreted law as an expression of a group s power.

(d) it was concerned primarily with the study of law as an economic and moral agent.

(e) it was not concerned with such disciplines as anthropology and sociology.

14. proponents of the law and literature movement would most likely agree with which one of the following statements concerning the relationship between the law and judges written opinions?

(a) the once-stable relationship between law and opinion-writing has been undermined by new and radical theoretical developments

(b) only the most politically conservative of judges continue to base their opinions on natural law or on legal positivism.

(c) the occurrence of different legal situations requires a judge to adopt diverse theoretical approaches to opinion-writing.

(d) different judges will not necessarily write the same sorts of opinions when confronted with the same legal situation.

(e) judges who subseribe to divergent theories of jurisprudence will necessarily render divergent opinions.

15. which one of the following phrases best describes the meaning of “re-constitute” as that word is used in line 54 of the passage?

(a) categorize and rephrase

(b) investigate and summarize

(d) paraphrase and announce

(e) negotiate and synthesize

16. the primary purpose of the passage is to

(a) identify differing approaches

(b) discount a novel trend

(d) correct misinterpretations

(e) reconcile seeming inconsistencies

since the early 1920s, most petroleum geologists have favored a biogenic theory for the formation of oil. according to this theory, organic matter became buried in sediments, and subsequent conditions of temperature

(5) and pressure over time transformed it into oil.

since 1979 an opposing abiogenic theory about the origin of oil has been promulgated. according to this theory, what is now oil began as hydrocarbon compounds within the earth s mantle (the region

(10) between the core and the crust) during the formation of the earth. oil was created when gasses rich in methanc, the lightest of the hydrocarbons, rose from the mantle through fractures and fauhs in the crust, carrying a significant amount of heavier hydrocarbons with them.

(15) as the gases encountered intermittent drops in pressure, the heavier hydrocarbons condensed, forming oil, and were deposited in reservoirs throughout the crust, rock regions deformed by motions of the crustal plates provided the conduits and fracures necessary for the

(20) gases to rise through the crust.

opponents of the abiogenic theory charge that hydrocarbons could not exist in the mantle, because high lemperatures would destroy or break them down. advocates of the theory, however, point out that other

(25) types of carbon exist in the mantle: unoxidized carbon must exist there, because diamonds are formed within the mantle before being brought to the surface by eruptive processes. proponents of the abiogenic theory also point to recent experimental work that suggests

(30) that the higher pressures within the mantle tend to offset the higher temperatures, allowing hydrocarbons, like unoxidized carbon, to continue to exist in the mantle.

if the abiogenic theory is correct, vast undiscovered

(35) reservoirs of oil and gas—undiscovened because the biogenic model precludes their existence—may in actuality exist. one company owned by the swedish government has found the abiogenic theory so persuasive that it has started exploratory drilling for gas

(40) or oil in a granite formation called the siljan ring—not the best place to look for gas or oil if one belives they are derived from organic compounds, because granite forms from magma (molten rock) and contains no organic sediments. the ring was formed about 360

(45) million years ago when a large meteorite hit the 600-million-year-old granite that forms the base of the continental crust. the impact fractured the granite, and the swedes believe that if oil comes from the mantle, it could have risen with methane gas through this now

(50) permeable rock. fueling their optimism further is the fact that prior to the start of drilling, methane gas had been detected rising through the granite.

17. which one of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(a) although the new abiogenic theory about the origin of oil is derived from the conventional biogenic theory, it suggests new types of locations for oil drilling.

(b) the small number of drilling companies that have responded to the new abiogenic theory about the origin of oil reflects the minimal level of acceptance the theory has met with in the scientific community.

(c) although the new abiogenic theory about the origin of oil fails to explain several enigmas about oil reservoirs, it is superior to the conventional biogenic theory.

(d) although it has yet to receive either support or refutation by data gathered from a drilling project, the new abiogenic theory about the origin of oil offers a plausible alternative to the conventional biogenic theory.

(e) having answered objections about higher pressures in the earth s core, proponents of the new abiogenic theory have gained broad acceptance for their theory in the scientific community.

18. which one of the following best describes the function of the third paragraph?

(a) it presents a view opposed to a theory and points out an internal contradiction in that opposing view.

(b) it describes a criticism of a theory and provides countervailing evidence to the criticism.

(d) it explains an argument against a theory and shows it to be a valid criticism.

(e) it points out the correspondence between an argument against one theory and arguments against similar theories.

19. the passage suggests that the opponents of the abiogenic theory mentioned in the third paragraph would most probably agree with which one of the following statements?

(a) the formation of oil does not involve the condensation of hyarocarbons released from the earth s mantle.

(b) large oil reserves are often found in locations that contain small amounts of organic matter.

(c) the eruptive processes by which diamonds are brought to the earth s surface are similar to those that aid in the formation of oil.

(d) motions of the crustal plates often create the pressure necessary to transform organic matter into oil.

(e) the largest known oil reserves may have resulted from organic matter combining with heavier hydrocarbons carried by methane gas.

20. which one of the following is most analogous to the situation described in the final paragraph?

(a) a new theory about the annual cycles of breeding and migration of the monarch butterfly has led scientists to look for similar patterns in other butterfly species.

(b) a new theory about the stage at which a star collapses into a black hole has led astronomers to search for evidence of black holes in parts of the universe where they had not previously searched.

(c) a new theory about how the emission of sulfur dioxide during coal-burning can be reduced has led several companies to develop desulfurization systems.

(d) a new theory about photosynthesis has convinced a research team to explore in new ways the various functions of the cell membrane in plant cells.

(e) a new theory about the distribution of metals in rock formations has convinced a silver-mining company to keep different types of records of its operations.

21. according to the passage all of the following are true of the siljan ring except:

(a) it was formed from magma.

(b) it does not contain organic sediments.

(d) methane gas has been detected rising through it

(e) it was shaped from the granite that makes up the base of the continental crust.

most studies of recent southeast asian immigrants to the united states have focused on their adjustment to life in their adopted country and on the effects of leaving their homelands. james tollefson s alien

(5) winds examines the resettlement process from a different perspective by investigating the educational programs offered in immigrant processing centers. based on interviews transcripts from classes, essays by immigrants, personal visits to a teacher-training unit,

(10) and official government documents. tollefson relies on an impressive amount and variety of documentation in making his arguments about processing centers educational programs.

tollefson s main contention is that the emphasis

(15) placed on immediate employment and on teaching the values, attitudes, and behaviors that the training personnel think will help the immigrants adjust more easily to life in the united states in often counterproductive and demoralizing. because of

(20) concerns that the immigrants be self-supporting as soon as possible, they are trained almost exclusively for low-level jobs that do not require english proficiency. in this respect. tollefson claims. the processing centers suit the needs of employers more than they suit the

(25) long-term needs of the immigrant community. tolletson also detects a fundamental flaw in the attempts by program educators to instill in the immigrants the traditionally western principles of self-sufficiency and individual success. there efforts often

(30) have the effect of undermining the immigrants sense of community and, in doing so, sometimes isolate them from the moral support and even from business opportunities afforded by the immigrant community. the programs also encourage the immigrants to shed

(35) their cultural traditions and ethnic identity and adopt the lifestyles, beliefs, and characteristies of their adopted country if they wish to enter fully into the national life.

tollefson notes that the ideological nature of these

(40) educational programs has roots in the turn-of-the-century educational programs designed to assimilate european immigrants into united states society. tollefson provides a concise history of the assimilationist movement in immigrant education, in

(45) which european immigrants were encouraged to leave behind the ways of the old world and to adopt instead the principles and practices of the new world.

tollefson ably shows that the issues demanding real attention in the educational programs for southeast

(50) asian immigrants are not merely employment rates and government funding, but also the assumptions underpinning the educational values in the programs. he recommends many improvements for the programs, including giving the immigrants a stronger voice in

(55) determining their needs and how to meet them, redesigning the curricula, and emphasizing long-term language education and job training over immediate employment and the avoiding of public assistance, unfortunately, though, tollefson does not offer enough

(60) concreate solutions as to how these reforms could be carried out, despite his own descriptions of the complicated bureaucratic nature of the programs.

22. which one of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(a) tollefson s focus on the economic and cultural factors involved in adjusting to a new country offers a significant departure from most studies of southeast asian immigration.

(b) in his analysis of educational programs for southeast asian immigrants. tollefson fails to acknowledge many of the positive effects the programs have had on immigrants lives.

(c) tollefson convincingly blames the philosophy underlying immigrant educational programs for some of the adjustment problems afflicting southeast asian immigrants.

(d) tollefson s most significant contribution is his analysis of how southeast asian immigrants overcome the obstacles they encounter in immigrant educational programs.

(e) tollefson tractes a gradual yet significant change in the attitudes held by processing center educators toward southeast asian immigrants.

23. with which one of the following statements concerning the educational programs of the immigration centers would tollefson most probably agree?

(a) although the programs offer adequate job training, they offer inadequate english training.

(b) some of the programs attempts to improve the earning power of the immigrants cut them off from potential sources of income.

(c) inclusion of the history of immigration in the united states in the programs currcula facilitates adjustment for the immigrants.

(d) immigrants would benefit if instructors in the programs were better prepared to teach the curricula developed in the teacher-training courses.

(e) the programs curricula should be redesigned to include greater emphasis on the shared values. beliefs, and practices in the united states.

24. which one of the following best describes the opinion of the author of the passage with respect to tollefson s work?

(a) thorough but misguided

(b) innovative but incomplete

(d) illuminating but unappreciated

(e) well documented but unoriginal

25. the passage suggests that which one of the following is an assumption underlying the educational approach in immigrant processing centers?

(a) there is a set of values and behaviors that if adopted by immigrants, facilitate adjustment to united states society

(b) when recent immigrants are self-supporting rather than supported by public assistance, they tend to gain english proficiency more quickly

(d) long-term success for immigrants is best achieved by encouraging the immigrants to maintain a strong sense of community.

(e) the principles of self-sufficiency and individual success are central to southeast asian culture and ethnicity.

26. which one of the following best describes the function of the first paragraph of the passage?

(a) it provides the scholarly context for tollefson s study and a description of his methodology

(b) it compares tollefson s study to other works and presents the main argument of his study.

(d) it presents the accepted meory on tollefson s topic and the method by which tollefson challenges it

(e) it argues for the analytical and technical superiority of tollefson s study over other works on the topic

27. the author of the passage refers to tollefson s descriptions of the bureaucratic nature of the immigrant educational programs in the fourth paragraph most probably in order to

(a) criticize tollefson s decision to combine a description of the bureaucracies with suggestions for improvement.

(b) emphasize the author s disappointment in tollefson s overly general recommendations for improvements to the programs.

(d) support a contention that tollefson s recommendations for improvements do not focus on the real sources of the programs problems

(e) suggest a parallel between the complexity of the bureaucracies and the complexity of tollefson s arguments

篇4：LSAT考试全真试题四SECTION4

section iv

time—35 minutes

23 questions

directions: each group of questions in this section is based on a set of conditions. in answering some of the questions it may be useful to draw a rough diagram. choose the response that most accurately and completely answers each questions and blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.

questions 1-5

in certain recipe contest each contestant submits submits two recipes. one for an appetizer and one for a main dish together the two recipes must include exactly seven flavorings—fenugreek, ginger, lemongrass, nutmeg, paprika, saffron, and turmeric—with no flavoring included in more than one of the two recipes. each contestant s recipes must satisfy the following conditions

the appetizer recipe includes at most three of the flavorings.

fenugreek is not included in the same recipe as nutmeg.

saffron is not included in the same recipe as turmeric

ginger is included in the same recipe as nutmeg

1. which one of the following could be a complete and accurate list of the flavorings included in one contestant s main-dish recipe?

(a) fenugreek, lemongrass, saffron

(b) fenugreek, ginger, nutmeg, turmeric

(d) ginger, nutmeg, paprika, turmeric

(e) lemongass nutmeg, saffron, turmeric

2. if a contestant s appetizer recipe does not include fenugreek, then the contestant s appetizer recipe must include

(a) ginger

(b) lemongrass

(d) saffron

(e) turmeric

3. which one of the following could be a list of all of the flavorings included in one contestant s appetizer recipe?

(a) fenugreek, saffron

(b) ginger, nutmeg

(d) lemongrass, nutmeg, saffron

(e) fenugreek, lemongrass, paprika, turmeric

4. if a contestant includes lemongrass in the same recipe as paprika, which one of the following is a flavoring that must be included in the contestant s main-dish recipe?

(a) ginger

(b) lemongrass

(d) saffron

(e) turmeric

5. if the condition that requires ginger to be included in the same recipe as nutmeg is suspended but all of the other original conditions remain in effect. then which one of the following could be a list of all of the flavorings included in one contestant s main-dish recipe?

(a) ginger, lemongrass, nutmeg, paprika

(b) ginger, lemongrass, paprika, turmeric

(d) fenugreek, ginger, lemongrass, saffron, turmeric

(d) fenugreek,lemongrass, nutmeg, paprika, saffron

questions 6-10

seven singer—jamine, ken, lalitha, maya, norton, olive, and patrick—will be scheduled to perform in the finals of a singing competition. during the evening of the competition, each singer, performing alone, will give exactly one performance. the schedule for the evening must conform to the following requirements.

jamle performs immediately after ken

parick performs at some time after maya

lalitha performs third only if norton performs fifth.

if patrick does not perform second, he performs fifth

6. which one of the following is an acceptable schedule for the evening s performers, from first through seventh?

(a) ken, jamie, maya, lalitha, patrick norton, olive

(b) lalitha, patrick, norton, olive maya, ken, jamie

(d) olive, maya, ken, lalitha, patrick, norton, jamie

(e) olive, maya, lalitha, norton,patrick, ken jamie

7. if lalitha is scheduled for the third performance which one of the following must be scheduled for the sixth performance?

(a) jame

(b) ken

(d) olive

(e) patrick

8. if norton is scheduled for the fifth performance, which one of the following could be true?

(a) jamie is scheduled for the sixth performance

(b) ken is scheduled for the second performance

(d) maya is scheduled for the third performance

(e) olive is scheduled for the first performance

9. if maya is scheduled for the performance. which one of the following could be true?

(a) jamie is scheduled for the sixth performance

(b) ken is scheduled forthe fourth performance

(d) norton is scheduled for the fifth performance

(e) olive is scheduled for the fourth performance

10. if jamie s performance is scheduled to be immediately before lalitha s performance, jamie s performance cannot be scheduled to be

(a) second

(b) third

(d) fifth

(e) sixth

questions 11-17

at a small press, six texbooks, three introductory—f. g. and h—and three advanced—x, y, and z—will each be evaluated once by the editor, juarez, and once by the publisher. rosenberg, during six consecutive wees—week 1 through week 6 each evaluator evatuates exactly one textbook per week. no textbook will be evaluated by juarez and rosenberg during the same week. the following additional constraints apply.

rosenbery cannot evaluate any introductory textbook until juarez has evaluated that textbook.

juarez cannot evaluate any advanced textbook until

rosenberg has evaluated that textbook

rosenberg cannot evaluate any two introductory textbooks consecutively

juarez must evaluate x during week 4.

11. which one of the following is an acceptable evaluation schedule with the textbooks listed in order of evaluation from week 1 through week 6?

(a) juarez f. g. x. z. h. y

rosenberg x. f. z. g. y. h

(b) juarez: f, y, g, x, h, z

rosenberg, y, f, x, g, z, h

rosenberg x, g, h, y, z, f

(d) juarez g, z, f, z, h, y,

rosenberg z, f, x, g, y, h

(e) juarez h, y, f, x, g, z

rosenberg x, h, z, f, y, g

12. if juarez evaluates h during week 3 and rosenberg evaluates g during week 6, which one fo the following must be true?

(a) juarez evaluates f during week 1

(b) juarez evaluates g during week 2.

(d) rosenberg evaluates x during week 1

(e) rosenberg evaluates y during week 5.

13. if juarez evaluates z during week 2, then rosenberg must evaluate which one of the following textbooks during week 5?

(a) f

(b) h

(d) y

(e) z

14. which one of the following must be true?

(a) rosenberg evaluates h during week 6

(b) rosenberg evaluates an advanced textbook during week 3

(d) juarez evaluates y before evaluating g.

(e) juarez does not evaluate any two introductroy textbooks consecutively

15. if rosenberg evaluates x during week 1 and f during week 2, which one of the following could be true?

(a) x is the third of the advanced textbooks to be evaluated by juarez.

(b) y is the first of the advanced textbooks to be evaluated by juarez.

(d) juarez evaluates g during week 5.

(e) juarez evaluates z during week 6.

16. which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the those weeks during which juarez must evaluate an introductory textbook?

(a) week 1

(b) week 6

(d) week 1, week 2, week 3

(e) week 1, week 3, week 5.

17. which one of the following could be true?

(a) juarez evaluates f during week 6

(b) juarez evaluates z during week 1

(d) rosenberg evaluates h during week 2.

(e) rosenberg evaluates x during week 5

questions 18-23

nine different treatments are available for a certain illness: three antibioties—f, g, and h—three dietary regimens—m, n and o—and three physical therapies—u, y, and w, for each case of the illness, a doctor will prescribe exactly five of the treatments, in accordance with the following conditions.

if two of the antibioties are prescribed, the remaining antibiotie cannot be prescribed

there must be exactly one dietary regimen prescribed

if o is not prescribed f cannot be prescribed

if w is prescribed f cannot be prescribed

g cannot be prescribed if both n and u are prescribed

v cannot be prescribed unless both h and m are prescribed

18. which one of the following could be the five treatments prescribed for a given case?

(a) f, g, h, m, v

(b) f, g, m, o, v

(d) g, h, n, u, w

(e) g, h, o, u, w

19. which one fo the following could be the antibioties and physical therapies prescribed for a given case?

(a) f, g, h, w,

(b) f, g, u, v

(d) g, u, v, w

(e) h, u, v, w

20. if o is prescribed for a given case, which one of the following is a pair of treatments both of which must also be prescribed for that case?

(a) f, m

(b) g, v

(d) u, v

(e) u, w

21. if g is prescribed for a given case which one of the following is a pair of treatments both of which could also be prescribed for that case?

(a) f, m

(b) f, n

(d) o, v

(e) v, w

22. which one of the following is a list of three treatments that could be prescribed together for a given case?

(a) f, m, u

(b) f, o, w

(d) g, v, w

(e) h, n, v

23. which one of the following treatments cannot be prescribed for any case?

(a) g

(b) m

(d) u

(e) w

篇5：LSAT考试全真试题五SECTION4

section iv

time—35 minutes

27 questions

directions: each passage in this section is followed by a group of questions to be answered on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. for some of the questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question however, you are to choose the best answer that is the response that most accurately and completely answers the questions. and blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.

many literary scholars believe that zora neale hurston s their eyes were watching god (1937) has been the primary influence on some of the most accomplished black women writing in the united

(5) states today. indeed, alice walker, the author of the prize-winning novel the color purple. has said of their eyes. “there is no book more important to me than this one.” thus, it seems necessary to ask why their eyes, a work now viewed by a multitude

(10) of readers as remarkably successful in its complex depiction of a black woman s search for self and community. was ever relegated to the margins of the literary canon

the details of the novel s initial reception help

(15) answer this question. unlike the recently rediscovered and rerexamined work of harriet wilson. their eyes was not totally ignored by book reviewers upon its publication. in fact, it received a mixture of positive and negative reviews both from

(20) white book reviewers working for prominent periodicals and from important figures within black literary circles in the saturday review of literanre george stevens wrote that “the narration is exactly right, because most of it is dialogue and the

(25) dialogue gives us a constant sense of character in action the negative criticism was partially a result of hurston s ideological differences with other members of the black americans in literature. black

(30) writers of the 1940s believed that the black artist s primary responsibility was to create protest fiction that explored the negative effects of racism in the united states. for example, richard wright, the author of the much acclaimed native son (1940)

(35) wrote that their eyes had ”no theme“ and ”no message“ most crities and readers expectations of black literature rendered them unable to appreciate hurston s subtle delineation of the life of an ordinary black woman in a black community

(40) and the novel went quietly out of print

recent acclaim for their eyes results from the emergence of feminist literary criticism and the development of standards of evaluation specific to the work of black writers; these kinds of criticism

(45) changed readers expectations of art and enabled them to appreciate hurston s novel the emergence of feminist criticism was crucial because such criticism brought new attention to neglected works such as hurston s and alerted readers to hurston s

(50) exploration of women s issues in her fictionl. the afroncentric standards of evaluation were equally important to the rediscovery of their eyes, for such standards provided readers with the tools to recognize and appreciate the black folklore and

(55) oral storytelling traditions hurston incorporated within her work. in one of the most illuminating discussions of the novel to date. henry louis gates jr. states that ”hurston s strategy seems to concern itself with the possibilities of representation of the

(60) speaking black voice in writing“

1. the passage suggests which one of the following about harriet wilson s novel?

(a) it was written at the same time as their eyes were watching god, but it did not receive as much critical attention.

(b) it greatly influenced black women writing after the 1940s.

(d) it was not formally published, and the manuscript has only recently been discovered by literary crities.

(e) it did not receive critical attention when it was published, but it has recently become the subject of critical study.

2. the passage offers support for which one of the following statements about literary reviewers and their eyes were watching god?

(a) their eyes was widely acclaimed by reviewers upon its publication. even though it eventually went out of print.

(b) the eventual obscurity of their eyes was not the result of complete neglect by reviewers

(d) their eyes was more typical of the protest fiction of the 1940s than reviewers realized

(e) most early reviewers of their eyes did not respond positively to the book.

3. which one of the following best states the main idea of the passage?

(a) hurston s their eyes were watching god had little in common with novels written by blank authors during the 1940s.

(b) feminist critics and authors such as alice walker were instrumental in establishing hurston s their eyes were watching god as an important part of the american literary canon.

(c) crities and readers were unable to appreciate fully hurston s their eyes were watching god until crties applied new standards of evaluation to the novel

(d) hurston s their eyes were watching god was an important influence on the protest fiction written by black writers in the mid-twentieth century.

(e) afrocentric strategies of analysis have brought attention to the use of oral storytelling traditions in novels written by black americans such as hurston s their eyes were watching god.

4. according to the passage which one of the following is true of black folklore traditions as used in literature written in the united states?

(a) they are an aspect of black american literature first recognized and written about by henry louis gates. jr

(b) they were not widely incorporated into novels written by black americans until after the 1940s

(d) they were not incorporated into novels published by black americans in the 1940s

(e) they are an aspect of black literature that some readers did not fully appreciate until relatively recently.

5. the passage suggests that native son differes from their eyes were watching god in which one of the following ways?

(a) it received fewer positive reviews at the time of its publication than did their eyes

(b) it is less typical of literature written by black americans during the 1940s than is then eyes

(d) it deniets more aspects of black american folklore than does their eyes.

(e) it has received more attention from feinist and afrocentric literary critics than their eyes

6. which one of the following provides the clearest example of the kind of fiction that many black writers of the 1940s, as their views are described in the passage, believed should be written?

(a) a novel that focuses on the interrelationships among four generations of black women

(b) a historical novel that re-creates actual events that occurred as black people suffered from oppression and racial injustice in a small town

(c) a novel, based on biographical stories orally relayed to the author as a child, that describes the development of traditions in a black family

(d) a novel that explores the psychological aspects of a relationship between a white man and a black man as they work together to organize protests against unjust working conditions

(e) a novel that examines the different ways in which three black children experience their first day of school in a rural community

7. the author would be most likely to agree with which one of the following statements about the relationship between art and literary criticism?

(a) the long-term reputation of a work of art is less dependent on the response of literary critics than on the response of readers and authors

(b) experimental works of fiction are usually poorly received and misunderstood by lterary crities when they are first published

(c) the response of literary critics to a work of art can be determined by certain ideological perspectives and assumptions about the purpose of art

(d) literary critics do not significantly affect the way most people interpret and appreciate literature.

(e) the ideological bases of a work of art are the first consideration of most literary critics.

8. the primary purpose of the passage is to

(a) correct a misconception

(b) explain a reassessment

(d) criticize a conventional approach

(e) announce a new discovery

legal cases can be termed ”hard“ cases if they raise issues that are highly controversial, issues about which people with legal training disagree. the ongoing debate over the completeness of the

(5) law usually concerns the extent to which such haard cases are legally determinate, or decidable according to existing law.

h l a hart s the concept of law is still the clearest and most persuasive statement of both the

(10) standard theory of hard cases and the standard theory of law on which it rests. for hart the law consists of legal rules formulated in general terms; these terms he calls ”open textured“ which means that they contain a ”core“ of settled meaning and a

(15) ”penumbra“ or ”periphery“ where their meaning is not determinate. for example, suppose an ordinance prohibits the use of vehicles in a park. ”vehicle“ has a core of meaning which includes cars and motoreycles but. hart claims, other

(20) vehicles, such as bicycles, fall within the peripheral meaning of ”vehicle“ so that the law does not establish whether they are prohibited. there will always be cases not covered by the core meaning of legal terms within existing laws. hart considers

(25) these cases to be legally indeterminate. since courts cannot decide such cases on legal grounds they must consider nonlegal (for example, moral and political) grounds, and thereby exercise judicial discretion to make, rather than apply law

(30) in ronald dworkin s view the law is richer than hart would grant: he denies that the law consists solely of explicit rules. the law also includes principles that do not depend for their legal status on any prior official recognition or enactment

(35) dworkin claims that many cases illustrate the existence of legal principles that are different from legal rules and that hart s model of rules cannot accommodate. for dworkin, legal rules apply in an all-or-nothing fashion whereas legal principles do

(40) not they provide the rationale for applying legal rules. thus, because dworkin thinks there is law in addition to legal rules, he thinks that legal indeterminacy and the need for judicial discretion do not follow from the existence of open texture in

(45) legal rules

it would be a mistakethough to dispute hart s theory of hard cases on this basis alone if hart s claim about the ”open texture“ of general terms is true, then we should expect to find legal

(50) indeterminacies even if the law consists of principles in addition to rules legal principles as well as legal rules contain general terms that have open texture. and it would be absurd to suppose that wherever the meaning of a legal rule is unclear

(55) there is a legal principle with a clear meaning most interesting and controversial cases will occur in the penumbra of both rules and principles.

9. which one of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(a) the law will never be complete because new situations will always arise which will require new laws to resolve them.

(b) the most difficult legal cases are those concerning controversial issues about which trained legal minds have differing opinions.

(c) the concept of legal principles does not diminish the usefulness of the concept of the open texture of general terms in deciding whether hard cases are legally determinate.

(d) the concept of legal principles is a deleterious addition to the theory of law since any flaws exhibited by legal rules could also be shared by legal principles.

(e) the inherent inconsistency of terms used in laws provides a continuing opportunity for judges to exercise their discretion to correct defect and gaps in the law.

10. according to the passage the term ”legal principles“ as used by dworkin refers to

(a) a comprehensive code of ethics that governs the behavior of professionals in the legal system

(b) explicit analyses of the terms used in legal rules indicating what meanings the terms do and do not cover

(d) legal rules that have not yet passed through the entire legislative procedure necessary for them to become law

(e) the body of legal decisions regarding cases that required judicial discretion for their resolution

11. which one of the following expresses a view that the author of the passage would most proably hold concerning legal principles and legal rules?

(a) legal rules are applied more often than legal principles when a case involves issues about which legal professionals disagree.

(b) both legal rules and legal principles are officially recognized as valid parts of the law.

(d) legal principles are just as likely as legal rules to have terms that have both core and peripheral meanings

(e) legal principles eliminate the need for judicial discretion in resolving the problems generated by the open texture of legal rules.

12. in the passage, the author uses the example of the word ”vehicle“ to

(a) illustrate a legal rule that necessarily has exceptions

(b) show how legal principles are applied in the construction of legal rules

(d) serve as an example of a legal term with both a core and a periphery of meaning

(e) provide a counterexample to hart s concept of the open texture of legal terms

13. it can be inferred that the author of the passage regards hart s theory of hard cases and the theory of standard law as

(a) exhaustive

(b) worthy of respect

(d) plausible but unwieldy

(e) hopelessly outmoded

14. which one of the following is true of the term ”legally determinate“ (line 6) as it is used in the passage?

(a) it represents the idea that every crime should have a fixed penalty rather than a range of penalties within which a judge can make an arbitrary choice

(b) it refers to a legal case that can be definitively resolved in favor of one side or the other according to the law in effect at the time

(c) it describes a legal rule that requires judges to limit their actions to applying written law when deciding cases over which people with legal training disagree

(d) it refers to any legal case that involves terms with imprecise meanings and thus relies for its resolution only on the determination of judges.

(e) it refers to procedures for determining the legal outcome of complex issues in difficult cases.

15. in the passage, the author is primarily concerned with

(a) outlining the problems that might be faced by a legislature attempting to create a complete body of law that would prevent judges from making rather than applying the law

(b) justifying the idea that ”hard“ cases will always exist in the practice of law, no matter what laws are written or how they are applied

(c) presenting evidence to support dworkin s idea that legal rules apply in an all-or-nothing fashion whereas legal principles apply in more sophisticated ways

(d) critiquing the concept of the open texture of legal terms as a conceptual flaw in hart s otherwise well-regarded book.

(e) demonstrating that dworkin s concept of legal principles does not form the basis for a successful attack on hart s theory of legally indeterminate cases

one way governments can decrease air pollution is to impose a tax on industrial carbon dixide emissions. but why should governments consider a carbon tax when they could control emissions by

(5) establishing energy efficiency and conservation standards, by legislating against coal use or by increasing inverstment in nuclear? the great virtue of such a tax is that it would provide incentives for industry to achieve emission

(10) reductions. because oil emits more carbon dioxide per unit of energy generated than does natural gas, and coal more than oil,a carbon tax would vary with the type of fuel.such a tax would induce industry to substitute less- polluting fuels for those carrying a

(15) higher tax and also to reduce the total use of energy

however it is not clear how high such a tax should be or what its economic and environmental implications would be. at first glance, it is not

(20) difficult to estimate roughly the size of the tax needed to effect a given level of emission reduction. one writer estimates for example that a tax of 41 percent on the price of coal 33 percent on oil and 25 percent on gas would reduce the united

(25) kingdom s emissions by 20 percent (using 1988 as the base year) by the year the target recommended by the 1988 toronto conference. it should be noted however that these numbers ignore the effect of the tax on economic growth, and

(30) hence on emissions, and assume that past responses to a price rise will be replicated in the future these numbers are also based on the assumption that all countries will behave cooperatively in imposing a carbon tax.

(35) there are very strong reasons to believe that cooperation would be difficult to win. if most countries cooperated. then any country that chose not to cooperate would be advantaged it would have no abatement costs, and the effect on the

(40) environment of its defection would be relatively small. because of this ”free rider“ effect cooperation on a scale needed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions might prove elusive

should countries act unilaterally to durb

(45) emissions? if a country were to act unilaterally the benefits would be spread across the globe, whereas the costs would fall solely on the country taking the action. the action would reduce emissions globally and the effect of this would be to reduce the benefit

(50) other countries would receive if they reduced emissions. as a consequence other countries would have less incentive to reduce emissions and would probably emit more carbon dioxide than they would have if the unilateral action had not been taken

(55) the entire effect of the emission reduction may not be lost, but it would surely be dimminished by this free-riding behavior

16. according to the passage, the size of the carbon tax levied on a given fuel would vary with the

(a) amount of that fuel used by a particular industry

(b) amount of pollution caused by the fuel being taxed

(d) effect that the tax would have on a country s economy

(e) number of usuers of a particular fuel at a particular time

17. the author mentions the estimates of ”one writer“ (line 22) primarily in order to

(a) indicate in a general way the size that a carbon tax must be for it to be effective.

(b) provide the most accurate information available about the most practical size for a carbon tax

(d) undermine the argument that a carbon tax would provide incentives for user s to achieve emissions reductions

(e) show how the size of an effective carbon tax can be calculated

18. which one of the following circumstances would most seriously undermine the conclusion ”such a tax would induce induce industry to substitute less-polluting fuels for those carrying a higher tax“ (lines 13-15)

(a) the fuel taxed a the highest rate costs considerably less to buy than fuels taxed at lower rates

(b) the goal set by the toronto conference cannot be reached unless each fuel it taxed at a much higher rate

(d) it is discovered that gas produces even less carbon dioxide per unit of energy generated than was previously thought.

(e) it is discovered that coal produces even more carbon dioxide per unit of energy generated than are previously thought.

19. the passage is primarily intended to answer which one of the following questions?

(a) how high a tax should a country s government impose on carbon dioxide emissions?

(b) what issues should a country s government consider before deciding whether to impose a tax on carbon dioxide emissions?

(d) how can the effects of industrial pollution on the earth s atmosphere be decreased?

(e) what can be done to increase the effectiveness of any tax that a country imposes on carbon dioxide emissions?

20. in response to the question. ”should countries act unilaterally to curb emissions?“ (line 44-45) the author would be most likely to contend that a country should

(a) not act unilaterally because although that country would receive some benefits from such action other countries would most likely be harmed by it

(b) not act unilaterally because unilateral action would have no benefits for other countries

(c) not act unilaterally because the cost to that country would not be justified by the limited effect that such action would have on industrial pollution worldwide

(d) act unilaterally because that country s economy would benefit from the resulting reduction in industrial emissions worldwide

(e) act unilaterally because other countries might well be inspired to follow that country s example

21. which one of the following is most parallel to the ”free rider" effect mentioned in line 41?

(a) an industry agrees to base itself in a city where there has been little industrial development only if the city will rezone the specific property the industry desires.

(b) because fares for public transportation are rising a commuter decides to bicycle to work rather than to use public transportation i a city where auto emissions are a problem

(c) an apartment dweller begins to recycle newspapeers even though no one else in the building does so and recycling is not required by law

(d) in an area where groundwater has become polluted a homeowner continues to buy bottled water rather than contribute to a neighborhood fund to combat pollution

(e) in an area where overgrazing is a severe problem a shepherd allows his sheep to continue grazing common field even though his neighbors have agreed to buy feed for their animals until regrowth occurs

some meteorologists have insisted that the severity of the drought in sub-saharan west africa and its long duration (nearly 40 years to date) must be a sign of a long term alteration in climate

(5) among the theories proposed to explain this change one hypothesis that has gained widespread attention attributes the drought to a cooling of the northern hemisphere. this hypothesis is based on the fact that between 1945 and the early 1970s the

(10) average annual air temperatures over the landmasses of the northern hemisphere decreased by about half a degree fahrenheit (approximately one quarter of a degree celsius—a samll but significant amount). several meterologists have

(15) suggested that this cooling was caused by an increase in atmospheric dust emanating from volcanic eruptions and from urban and industrial pollution the dust reflected incoming sunlight. causing the ground to receive less solar radiation

(20) and to transfer less heart to the atmosphere. the cooling seemed to be more pronounced in the middle and high latitudes than in the tropies an observation that is consistent with the fact that the sun s rays enter the atmosphere at a greater angle

(25) farther north and so have to pass through more dust-laden atmosphere on the way to the earth.

since winds are set in motion by differences in air pressure caused by unequal heating of the atmosphere supporters of the cooling hypothesis

(30) have argued that a growing temperature differential between the unusually cool middle and high latitudes and the warm tropical latitudes is causing a southward expansion of the circumpolar vortex—the high-altitude westerly winds that circle

(35) the northern hemisphere at middle latitudes according to this hypothesis as the circumpolar vortex expands, it forces south other components of large- scale atmospheric circulation and in effect displaces the northward-moving monsoon that

(40) ordinarily bring sub-saharan rain proponents have further argued that this change in atmospheric circulation might be long-term since cooling in the northern hemisphere could be perpetuated by increases in ice and snow coverage there which

(45) would lead to reflection of more sunlight away from the earth to further cooling and indirectly to further drought in sub-saharan west africa

despite these are ptedtctions and even though the current african drought has lasted longer than

(50) any other in this century the notion that the drough is caused by cooling of the northern hemisphere is. fact not well supported contrary to the predictions of the cooling hypothesis, during one period of rapid northern hemisphere cooling

(55) in the early 1950s, the sub-sahara was unusually rain moreover in the early 1980s, when the drought was particularly severe northern hemisphere lands actually warmed slightly. and furhter doubt has been cast on the hypothesis by

(60) recent analyses suggesting that when surface temperatures of water as well as land are taken into account the northern hemisphere may not have cooled at all

22. which one of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(a) there is strong evidence to support the theory that an increase in atmospheric dust has contributed to the severity of the drought in sub- saharan west africa

(b) the suggestion that northern hemisphere cooling is contributing to a decline of rainfall in sub-saharan west africa is open to question

(c) the expansion of the circumpolar vortex has caused a dramatic shift in the atmospheric circulation patterns above sub-saharan west africa

(d) the drought in sub-saharan west africa represents a long-term permanent alteration in global climake patterns

(e) meteorologists cannot determine when the droutht in sub-saharan west africa is likely to end

23. the author s attitude toward the cooling hypothesis is best described as one of

(a) vehement opposition

(b) cautious skepticism

(d) guarded enthusiasm

(e) strong support

24. according to the passage proponents of the cooling hypothesis suggested that the circumpolar vortex is likely to expand when which one of the following occurs?

(a) the average annual atmoshperic temperature of the tropics is significantly higher than normal for an extended period of time.

(b) the average annual snowfall in the northern hemisphere is lower than normal for an extended period of time.

(c) the average annual surface temperature of northern hemisphere waters is higher than the average annual surface temperature of northern hemisphere landmasses

(d) there is a significant increase in the difference between the average annual atmospheric temperature of the tropies and that of the more northern latitudes

(e) there is a significant increase in the difference between the average annual atmospheric temperatures of the middle and the high latitudes in the northern hemisphere.

25. which one of the following can be inferred from the passage about the average annual temperature of the air over northern hemisphere landmasses before 1945?

(a) it was higher than it was between 1945 and the early 1970s.

(b) it was lower than it was during the early 1980s.

(d) it was the same as the annual average surface temperature of northern hemisphere landmasses and bodies of water between 1945 and the early 1970s.

(e) it was higher than the annual average surface temperature of northern hemisphere landmasses and bodies of water between 1945 and the early 1970s.

26. which one of the following best deseribes the organization of the passage?

(a) opposing points of view are presented evidence supporting each point of view is discussed and then one point of view is developed into a formal hypothesis

(b) a theory is discussed and different points of view about the theory are discussed supported and then reconciled

(d) a theory explaining a phenomenon is proposed supporting evidence is considered and then the theory is disputed

(e) a point of view is presented a theory supporting the view is proposed contradictory evidence is presented and then a different theory is proposed.

27. a proponent of the cooling hypothesis would most likely argue that the return of the monsoon rains to sub-saharan west africa would indicate that which one of the following has also occurred?

(a) the amount of ice and snow coverage over the landmasses of the northern hemisphere has increased

(b) the average annual temperature of the atmosphere over the middle and high latitudes of the northern hemisphere has decreased

(d) other components of large-scale atmospheric circulation besides the circumpolar vortex have expanded and moved southward

(e) the atmospheric circulation pattern of the high-altitude westerly winds has resumed its normal pattern

篇6：科一考试题

科一考试题精选

1、单选这样临时停放红色轿车有什么违法行为？

A、距离加油站不到30米 B、停车占用非机动车道 C、距离路边超过30厘米 D、在有禁停标线路段停车

2、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、高速公路起点预告 B、高速公路出口预告 C、高速公路入口预告 D、高速公路终点预告

3、单选在城市道路上，货运机动车在留有安全位置的情况下，车厢内可以附载临时作业人员1人至几人？

A、5 B、6 C、7 D、8

4、单选机动车仪表板上（如图所示）亮表示什么？

A、没有系好安全带 B、安全带出现故障 C、已经系好安全带 D、安全带系得过松

5、单选当驾驶车辆行经两侧有行人且有积水的路面时，应怎样做？

A、加速通过 B、正常行驶 C、减速慢行 D、连续鸣喇叭

6、判断如图所示，驾驶机动车遇到这种情况能够加速通过，是因为人行横道没有行人通过。

A、正确 B、错误

7、判断如图所示，在这种情况下遇到红灯交替闪烁时，要尽快通过道口。

A、正确 B、错误

8、单选如图所示，在高速公路同方向两条机动车道左侧车道行驶，应保持什么车速?

A、110公里/小时～130公里/小时 B、100 公里/小时～120公里/小时 C、90 公里/小时～110公里/小时 D、60 公里/小时～120公里/小时

9、单选指示标线的作用是什么？

A、禁止通行 B、指示通行 C、限制通行 D、警告提醒

10、判断夜间行车，遇对面来车未关闭远光灯时，应减速行驶，以防两车灯光的交汇处有行人通过时发生事故。

A、正确 B、错误

11、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、对向先行 B、停车让行 C、单行路 D、会车先行

12、单选下列哪种证件是驾驶机动车上路行驶应当随车携带？

A、机动车登记证 B、机动车保险单 C、机动车行驶证 D、出厂合格证明

13、单选行车中超越同向行驶的自行车时，应怎样做？

A、让自行车先行 B、注意观察动态，减速慢行，留有足够的安全距离 C、连续鸣喇叭提醒其让路 D、持续鸣喇叭并加速超越

14、判断机动车仪表板上（如图所示）亮表示发动机可能机油量不足。

A、正确 B、错误

15、单选驾驶机动车驶离高速公路时，在这个位置怎样行驶？

A、继续向前行驶 B、驶入减速车道 C、车速保持100公里/小时 D、车速降到40公里/小时以下

16、判断机动车仪表板上（如图所示）亮时，防抱死制动系统处于打开状态。

A、正确 B、错误

17、判断如图所示，机动车在这样的城市道路上行驶，最高的行驶速度不得超过50公里/小时。

A、正确 B、错误

18、单选雾天行车时，应及时开启什么灯？

A、倒车灯 B、近光灯 C、远光灯 D、雾灯

19、单选正面安全气囊与什么配合才能充分发挥保护作用？

A、座椅安全带 B、防抱死制动系统 C、座椅安全头枕 D、安全玻璃

20、判断驾驶机动车遇紧急事务，可以边开车边接打电话。

A、正确 B、错误

21、单选行车中遇抢救伤员的救护车从本车道逆向驶来时，应怎样做？

A、靠边减速或停车让行 B、占用其他车道行驶 C、加速变更车道避让 D、在原车道内继续行驶

22、判断这个标志的含义是提醒车辆驾驶人前方路面颠簸或有桥头跳车现象。

A、正确 B、错误

23、判断持有大型客车、牵引车、城市公交车、中型客车、大型货车驾驶证的驾驶人从业单位等信息发生变化的，应当在信息变更后三十日内，向驾驶证核发地车辆管理所备案。

A、正确 B、错误

24、单选路面上的白色标线是何含义？

A、车行道横向减速标线 B、道路施工提示标线 C、车行道纵向减速标线 D、车道变少提示标线

25、单选路中心黄色虚线属于哪一类标线？

A、指示标线 B、禁止标线 C、警告标志 D、辅助标线

26、判断这个标志的含义是提醒前方左侧行车道或路面变窄。

A、正确 B、错误

27、判断如图所示，在这种情况下准备进入环形路口时，为了保证车后车流的通畅，应加速超越红车进入路口。

A、正确 B、错误

28、判断已持有大型货车驾驶证3年以上，并在申请前最近连续3个记分周期内没有满分记录，可以申请增加牵引车准驾车型。

A、正确 B、错误

29、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、高度限速50公里/小时 B、最低限速50公里/小时 C、水平高度50米 D、海拔高度50米

30、判断驾驶机动车在隧道、陡坡等特殊路段不得超车。

A、正确 B、错误

31、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、注意野生动物 B、注意牲畜 C、动物公园 D、开放的牧区

32、单选上道路行驶的机动车有哪种情形交通警察可依法扣留车辆？

A、未悬挂机动车号牌 B、未携带身份证 C、未携带保险合同 D、未放置城市环保标志

33、判断如图所示，驾驶机动车遇左侧车道有车辆正在超车时，可以迅速变道，伺机反超。

A、正确 B、错误

34、判断驾驶机动车在路口右转弯时，应提前开启右转向灯，不受信号灯限制，不受车速限制，迅速通过，防止路口堵塞。

A、正确 B、错误

35、单选驾驶报废机动车上路行驶的驾驶人，除按规定罚款外，还要受到哪种处理？

A、撤销驾驶许可 B、收缴驾驶证 C、强制恢复车况 D、吊销驾驶证

36、判断车辆发生故障而无法移动时，首先应在车辆后方50-150米处放置危险警告标志，防止后车追尾。

A、正确 B、错误

37、单选如图所示，驾驶机动车行驶至桥梁涵洞时，以下做法正确的是什么？

A、加速，在对向车到达前通过 B、减速靠右通过 C、保持原速继续正常行驶 D、鸣喇叭后加速通过

38、单选这辆在道路上行驶的机动车有下列哪种违法行为？

A、逆向行驶 B、未按规定悬挂号牌 C、故意遮挡号牌 D、占用非机动车道

39、判断小型客车行驶在平坦的`高速公路上，突然有颠簸感觉时，应迅速降低车速，防止爆胎。

A、正确 B、错误

40、单选驾驶机动车在没有道路中心线的狭窄山路怎样会车？

A、速度慢的先行 B、重车让空车先行 C、靠山体的一方先行 D、不靠山体的一方先行

41、单选初次申领机动车驾驶证的，可以申请下列哪种准驾车型？

A、中型客车 B、大型客车 C、普通三轮摩托车 D、牵引车

42、单选驾驶机动车下陡坡时不得有哪些危险行为？

A、提前减挡 B、空挡滑行 C、低挡行驶 D、制动减速

43、单选在路口右转弯遇同车道前车等候放行信号时如何行驶？

A、从前车左侧转弯 B、从右侧占道转弯 C、鸣喇叭让前车让路 D、依次停车等候

44、判断机动车仪表板上（如图所示）亮时，表示驻车制动器处于制动状态。

A、正确 B、错误

45、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、禁止向右转弯 B、禁止向左转弯 C、向左和向右转弯 D、禁止向左右转弯

46、判断机动车仪表板上（如图所示）亮，提示行李舱开启。

A、正确 B、错误

47、单选机动车仪表板上（如图所示）亮表示什么？

A、左转向指示灯闪烁 B、右转向指示灯闪烁 C、车前后位置灯亮起 D、车前后示宽灯亮起

48、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、直行和左转合用车道 B、直行和掉头合用车道 C、直行和右转车道 D、分向行驶车道

49、单选驾驶机动车在车道减少的路口，遇到前方车辆依次停车或缓慢行驶时怎么办？

A、从前车右侧路肩进入路口 B、从有空隙一侧进入路口 C、每车道一辆依次交替驶入路口 D、向左变道穿插进入路口

50、单选使用伪造、变造的机动车号牌一次记几分？

A、2分 B、3分 C、6分 D、12分

51、单选以下哪个指示灯亮时，表示发动机机油压力过低？

A、图1 B、图2 C、图3 D、图4

52、单选驾驶机动车在路口遇到这种情况如何行驶？

A、可以向右转弯 B、靠右侧直行 C、遵守交通信号灯 D、停车等待

53、单选驾驶的车辆正在被其他车辆超越时，若此时后方有跟随行驶的车辆，应怎样做？

A、继续加速行驶 B、稍向右侧行驶，保证横向安全距离 C、靠道路中心行驶 D、加速向右侧让路

54、判断驾驶机动车通过交叉路口要遵守交通信号。

A、正确 B、错误

55、单选驾驶证审验内容不包括以下哪一项？

A、道路交通安全违法行为、交通事故处理情况 B、身体条件情况 C、道路交通安全违法行为记分及记满12分后参加学习和考试情况 D、机动车检验情况

56、单选驾驶人在驾驶证有效期满前多长时间申请换证？

A、30日内 B、60日内 C、90日内 D、6个月内

57、判断如图所示，在这种情况下，A车可以向左变更车道。

A、正确 B、错误

58、单选在这种雨天跟车行驶使用灯光，以下做法正确的是？

A、使用远光灯 B、不能使用近光灯 C、不能使用远光灯 D、使用雾灯

59、单选下列哪种情况可以向机动车驾驶证核发地车辆管理所申请补发?

A、驾驶证被扣押 B、驾驶证被扣留 C、驾驶证遗失 D、驾驶证被暂扣

60、判断驾驶车辆汇入车流时，应提前开启转向灯，保持直线行驶，通过后视镜观察左右情况，确认安全后汇入合流。

A、正确 B、错误

61、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、路面低洼 B、驼峰桥 C、路面不平D、路面高突

62、单选车辆下长坡过程中，当制动鼓温度过高时，应怎样做？

A、要尽快进入水中冷却 B、不要立即进入水中冷却 C、要立即浇水冷却 D、不用理会

63、单选机动车在道路上发生故障，难以移动时下列做法正确的是什么？

A、开启危险报警闪光灯 B、开启车上所有灯光 C、禁止车上人员下车 D、在车前方设置警告标志

64、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、公交线路专用车道 B、大型客车专用车道 C、快速公交系统专用车道 D、多乘员车辆专用车道

65、判断路口黄灯持续闪烁，警示驾驶人要注意瞭望，确认安全通过。

A、正确 B、错误

66、单选如图所示，驾驶机动车驶出这个路口时应当怎样使用灯光?

A、开启右转向灯 B、开启危险报警闪光灯 C、不用开启转向灯 D、开启左转向灯

67、判断机动车、非机动车和行人实行分道行驶，是为了规范交通秩序，提高通行效率。

A、正确 B、错误

68、判断驾驶机动车造成重大交通事故后逃逸，构成犯罪的，由公安机关交通管理部门吊销机动车驾驶证，且终生不得重新取得机动车驾驶证。

A、正确 B、错误

69、单选以下哪个指示灯亮时，表示油箱内燃油已到最低液面？

A、图1 B、图2 C、图3 D、图4

70、单选申请小型汽车准驾车型驾驶证的人年龄条件是多少？

A、18周岁以上60周岁以下 B、18周岁以上70周岁以下 C、21周岁以上50周岁以下 D、24周岁以上70周岁以下

71、判断对未取得驾驶证驾驶机动车的，追究其法律责任。

A、正确 B、错误

72、判断车辆在通过山区道路弯道时，要做到“减速、鸣喇叭、靠右行”。

A、正确 B、错误

73、单选如图所示，驾驶机动车在这种情况下，当C车减速让超车时，A车应该如何行驶？

A、放弃超越C车 B、加速超越C车 C、鸣喇叭示意B车让行后超车 D、直接向左变更车道，迫使B车让行

74、判断夜间行车，驾驶人视距变短，影响观察，同时注意力高度集中，易产生疲劳。

A、正确 B、错误

75、判断遇到这种情况不能超车。

A、正确 B、错误

76、单选驾驶机动车在高速公路遇到能见度低于50米的气象条件时，车速不得超过20公里/小时，还应怎么做？

A、进入应急车道行驶 B、尽快驶离高速公路 C、在路肩低速行驶 D、尽快在路边停车

77、判断驾驶人在实习期内驾驶机动车时，应当在车身后部粘贴或者悬挂统一式样的实习标志。

A、正确 B、错误

78、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、左转车道 B、掉头车道 C、绕行车道 D、分向车道

79、单选以下哪个指示灯亮时，表示防抱死制动系统出现故障？

A、图1 B、图2 C、图3 D、图4

80、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、靠道路右侧停车 B、只准向右转弯 C、右侧是下坡路段 D、靠右侧道路行驶

81、单选如图所示，在超车过程中，遇对向有来车时要放弃超车是因为什么?

A、如继续超车，易与对面机动车发生刮擦、相撞 B、前车车速快 C、对向来车车速快 D、我方车辆提速太慢

82、单选在这段城市道路上行驶的最高速度不能超过多少？

A、30公里/小时 B、40公里/小时 C、50公里/小时 D、70公里/小时

83、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、过水路面 B、渡口 C、泥泞道路 D、低洼路面

84、单选在这个位置时怎样使用灯光？

A、开启左转向灯 B、开启右转向灯 C、开启危险报警闪光灯 D、开启前照灯

85、单选前轮胎爆裂已出现转向时，驾驶人不要过度矫正，应在控制住方向的情况下，应怎样做，使车辆缓慢减速？

A、采取紧急制动 B、使用驻车制动 C、轻踏制动踏板 D、迅速踏下制动踏板

86、判断车辆驶入匝道后，迅速将车速提高到每小时60公里以上。

A、正确 B、错误

87、判断这辆停在路边的机动车没有违法行为。

A、正确 B、错误

88、判断驾驶机动车在道路上向右变更车道可以不使用转向灯。

A、正确 B、错误

89、判断距离宽度不足4米的窄路50米以内的路段不能停车。

A、正确 B、错误

90、判断如图所示，在这种情况下只要后方、对向无来车，可以掉头。

A、正确 B、错误

91、判断驾驶机动车在没有中心线的城市道路上，最高速度不能超过每小时50公里。

A、正确 B、错误

92、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、禁止长时鸣喇叭 B、断续鸣喇叭 C、禁止鸣喇叭 D、减速鸣喇叭

93、判断驾驶机动车发生财产损失交通事故后，当事人对事实及成因无争议移动车辆时需要对现场拍照或者标划停车位置。

A、正确 B、错误

94、单选这个仪表是何含义？

A、百公里油耗表 B、速度和里程表 C、发动机转速表 D、最高时速值表

95、单选夜间行车，可选择下列哪个地段超车?

A、交叉路口 B、窄路窄桥 C、路宽车少 D、弯道陡坡

96、单选这个标志是何含义？

A、停车领卡 B、停车缴费 C、停车检查 D、ETC通道

97、单选当驾驶员看到以下标志时，需减速慢行，是因为什么？

A、前方车行道或路面变窄 B、前方有弯道 C、前方车流量较大 D、前方有窄桥

98、单选路中心黄色虚实线是何含义？

A、实线一侧禁止越线 B、虚线一侧禁止越线 C、实线一侧允许越线 D、两侧均可越线行驶

99、判断遇到路口情况复杂时，应做到“宁停三分，不抢一秒”。

A、正确 B、错误

100、判断通过山区危险路段，尤其是通过经常发生塌方、泥石流的山区地段，应谨慎驾驶，避免停车。

A、正确 B、错误

LSAT考试全真题一SECTION4

篇1：LSAT考试全真题一SECTION4

篇2：LSAT考试全真题二SECTION4

篇3：LSAT考试全真试题三SECTION4

篇4：LSAT考试全真试题四SECTION4

篇5：LSAT考试全真试题五SECTION4

篇6：科一考试题

相关文章列表

相关推荐

精选图文

相关栏目

热门排行

推荐图文