雅思口语语法了解一下
【简介】感谢网友“红花”参与投稿，下面是小编帮大家整理的雅思口语语法了解一下(共6篇），希望对大家带来帮助，欢迎大家分享。
篇1：雅思口语语法了解一下
1.such as与for example的混用。我们知道，在表示举例子的时候，such as与like是完全等同的，如：Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare。但是考生对于Such as、for example 的把握还是不够准确。我们都知道，后者接句子前者接词语表示举例子。于是就有了下面的写法：There is a similar word in many languages， such as in French and Italian。这里的such as改为for example为好，因为“in French and Italian”其实是“there is a similar word in French and Italian”的简化，所以要用for example来引出例证。再来看几个类似的例子：It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects， for example physics。
2.assume 及claim 使用不够准确。我们知道， think，assume，claim是议论文中常用引出观点的动词。在实际作文中，同学们往往认为几个词的意思是一样的，完全可以代换，所以拿过来就用。甚至还有同学把consider也拿过来与之混用。我们首先还是从定义来看这几个词的不同：Think： to have opinion or belief about sth。翻译为“认为”，通常接宾语从句来表达比较确定的观点。Assume： to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it。翻译为“假设、假定”，是否有事实依据是不确定的。Claim： to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it。翻译为“声称”，用这个词往往意味着不赞同紧跟其后的观点，所以很少用作‘I claim that…Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer， but in fact， …。所以‘It is claimed that’通常翻译为“有报道称。。。”。和‘it is reported that ’的区别在于后者翻译为“据报道”，往往代表着作者赞同报告的内容，Consider： to think about sth carefully， especially in order to make a decision.翻译为“考虑”，一般不用作引出观点，看个例子：We are considering buying a new car。所以，千万不要在雅思大作文的第一段(观点表达段)就因为用词把握不准而导致对整篇文章的低分印象。
3.介词使用错误。
1).普通介词的误用。一般表现为固定搭配错误，如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等，虽然这样的错误看似无伤大雅，但在考官眼里就是影响顺畅阅读的，当然会影响最终成绩。解决的办法简单而古老：把常见的固定搭配牢记于心，问题自然就解决了。
2).“to”作为介词的误用。“to”最常见的用法是以动词不定式符号的形式出现的，所以同学们也已经习惯了“to do”的固定搭配。对于一些如walk to me， to the left等介词to表方向等常见用法一般也不会出现错误。但是对于与动词搭配的介词to就会经常犯错：
More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them。
这里的‘take to’ means ‘to begin to do sth as a habit’其中‘to’为介词，所以后面只能接名词或相当于名词的词，如动名词。所以句中depend on 应改为“depending on”。“take to”的另一个常用用法也需要牢记：
He hasn’t taken to his new school. (这里‘take to’ means ‘to start liking sb or sth’)
Prefer A to B中的“to”也是介词，会有prefer doing sth to doing sth/ prefer sth to sth else，另外，“prefer to do sth rather than do sth”中的“to”可是真正的不定式符号。
3.compare与contrast的误用。我们先从两者的定义入手来看两者的区别。 Compare的定义为：to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定义为：to compare two or more things to show the difference between them。由定义不难看出前者侧重于找到两个或多个事物的异同，而后者则侧重于它们的不同。看个例句：
It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours。
前一句翻译为：对比一下我们的情况与他们的情况会很有趣。后一句的翻译为：我们的情况与他们的情况有很大的不同，这很有趣。
再看一个引自OXFORD ADBANCED LEARNER’S DICTIONARY的例子：
There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West。
The company lost $7 million in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier。
When you look at their new system， ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast。
9-12月雅思口语part2&3答案解析：一个困难挑战
Describe a difficult challenge you came across at one time in your life.
You should say:
what it was
when you came across this challenge
what you did about it
and explain why you think it was a difficult challenge
Something I faced which I found very challenging actually, was a corporate finance examination I had to prepare for as part of a business course I was studying. I am not very good with numbers actually. And I don’t even like finance stuff. I had to do the exam as it was part of the course, I couldn’t pass the course without doing this module, so I had no choice. Anyway, I actually asked for help and had some extra lessons with people who understood finance and that was sort of useful. Though to be honest it was really hard to find a good teacher – most people that are good at finance already have great jobs and so don’t want or need to spend their free time teaching finance to people like me! I had to work out a lot of stuff by myself and it was a struggle, to be honest, a real struggle. I don’t have good memories of this at all. I am usually quite good at the things that I do, I mean, I learn fast and don’t find it that difficult to do academic things or grasp complex ideas. But when it comes to financial stuff or anything related to maths or numbers, my mind seems to get stuck, I even start to panic a little bit, and can’t really move forward. Some of this is most certainly a psychological barrier and some of it is simply a weakness in my mental abilities. I find this very frustrating and annoying, and in preparing for this finance exam, I felt it very strongly. I’m so glad this is over and I don’t have to do another one!
Part3
1. Do you think parents should give their children more challenges?
I think that parents here already put too much pressure on their kids to be honest. I think that children today have enough challenges already and don’t need more and more imposed upon them by over-zealous parents who are highly competitive. I think that parents should be a bit more relaxed and not pressurize kids to constantly do new and challenging things.
2. What challenges do you think children might have to face up to in life?
Children usually have a lot of pressure in school in all sorts of academic subjects. They have to be competitive, they have to study hard, they have to learn to read and write a lot of characters. It’s not easy. These are all challenges.
3. What is one of the most challenging things for children?
I think middle school examinations. They’re horrible, they’re difficult, and they’re really stressful. I think everyone agrees with this. Very challenging indeed.
209-12月雅思口语part2&3答案解析：重要的新技能
Describe a new skill you learned that you think is important.
You should say:
What it is
Whether it is difficult or not
How you learned it
And explain why you think it is important
Recently I learned to use a mind-map software on my computer. It’s a simple software that enables you to create spider-diagrams…mind-maps. Basically, you put your central topic in a circle in the centre of the screen and you add notes coming from that topic. It’s an excellent software for taking notes in preparation for exams – you can use them for studying or for outlining all the different aspects of a project you’re working on. It was fairly easy to use this software, and I learned in about half an hour, with a little help from my friend. I pretty much use it all the time these days. It’s important because it’s more neat and tidy than making notes on paper, and you can save the documents safely and so you don’t lose them as easily. Also, if you want to present your ideas for a project, or a study plan, or share your study notes with a partner, then it’s easy for other people to understand, too. It looks professional, slick and modern – and this is always a good thing! Also, if you want to work in a company it’s a really good idea to get familiar with this kind of software because nearly everything today is done on a computer, and developing basic computer software skills is very important.
Part3
1. Do you think teamwork and communication skills are important?
Absolutely, it’s very important that people learn to work with others in teams, and co-operate. And communication skills are a central part of this. Not only do people need to have good diplomatic skills, but they need to be able to know how to communicate their ideas in a logical and coherent way so that others can understand them clearly. This is actually a skill that we should be teaching children from an early age.
2. What kinds of skills are practical for university students to learn?
Well, there’s a lot of skills which are useful and practical for university students. But I’d say the most important skills are those of essay-writing and communication. A lot of work in university involves being able to logically organise your ideas and put them into a structure and write a very clear and insightful essay. These are things which are quite difficult to do without practice and need to be learned.
3. What is the most important skill a person needs to have in life?
That’s a pretty hard question to answer really, but I’d say the most important skill is listening and communication. This may sound strange, but to be honest, so many people have problems in communicating clearly and this can cause a lot of trouble in the family as well as in the workplace. A lot of conflicts in society come from misunderstandings, and if we learn to listen and understand others, and communicate our own feelings, as well as key information and ideas, clearly and concisely, then life is a lot easier for everyone.
4. What skills are important for the success of business?
In business a person should be quite fast-thinking, strong-minded and perhaps even sometimes a little firm and strict when necessary. People that succeed in business are usually quite thick-skinned and don’t give in under pressure, but are also very good at judging other people’s strengths and weaknesses.
雅思口语
篇2：雅思口语语法了解一下
语法一致。比如：主语是单数，谓语动词就用单数;主语是复数，谓语动词就用复数。当然这只在现在时态，即一般现在时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时中体现。这个要求看起来很简单，但在实际运用中，基本上所有的同学都会被我反复地提醒使用第三人称单数。
就近原则。由or;either...or;neither...nor;not only…but also等词连接的名词或者代词作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于与动词最近的名词的单复数。Neither you nor your friend is to blame.
意义一致。这个主要是涉及到集体名词，比如audience;army;family;jury;stuff;crew;couple等，如果这类词意义上指整体的概念谓语就用单数，如果意义指具体成员则谓语动词就用复数。如：The population in this area is increasing very slowly。/One third of the population in this area are workers.
就远原则。由as well as;rather than; with;together with; in addition; combined with这几个词连接的名词或者代词作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于这几个词前面的名词是单数还是复数。如：The teacher rather than the students opens the door./The students rather than the teacher open the door.
还有需要注意的是：a series/line/group/list+of+名词复数，谓语动词用单数;分数、百分数、part/rest/half+名词作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词本身的单复数。;both of+名词复数，谓语用复数;each/neither/either/everything/anything作主语，谓语用单数。
主谓一致是相对简单的语法，只要大家在平时的练习中多加注意，在考试中就能减少无谓的“牺牲”。
篇3：雅思口语流程了解一下
雅思口语流程 了解一下
雅思口语考试流程——开始一个雅思口试部分考生可以随便的去谈，2分钟左右即可。此方面是回答问题部分，老师说什么，你要做的只是回答什么可以了。大家在平日单词词汇积累问题，提醒大家还能够更多的去积累一些词汇量，在考试时能够脱口而答。开始会面，寒暄一番，主考官会鼓励(引导考生)多谈谈一般话题(生活作息上、文化习惯上、个人兴趣等等)，考生应勇敢发言(约4-5分钟)。
雅思口语流程如何走——第二个雅思口试上有3到4分钟时间阐述个人观点。大家是要通过给出的考试题材做一个一分钟又或是一分半钟的重点陈述。再更加精简干练的句子来表达出自己看到之后的观点和感受。
雅思口语流程如何走——第三个雅思口试部分成为了大家第二部分所提及的话题以及考生做更深入的双向讨论，又或是考官其他话题与考生进行双向讨论。此阶段讨论内容灵活各异，视情况而定(约4-5分钟)。
雅思口语part 3 是老师问问题，你一定要与老师交互多一些，还需要去看看你回答的长短来决定问题的多少，若是你每一个问题回答的都很少，老师才会通过多问来诱导你多说，但是如果你每个问题都说的比较长，那么问题会少点，一般至少3个问题。时间是有老师把控的，你只要和老师沟通好。
雅思口语万年话题--sport
题目
QuestionDo you think that young people should do more sport in school today?
Sample Answer I certainly do. I think that young people today are getting quite lazy and this is bad for their health, I’m convinced that schools put too much emphasis on academic subjects, so I firmly believe that good sports classes and sport facilities are very important.
QuestionDo you believe that children can learn a lot from team sports?
Sample Answer
Yes, I do. Children need to learn to work in groups and co-operate as well as build leadership skills. Sport is also good for children to learn to be competitive in a mature manner. It’s also very important that children keep fit and healthy. For example, it’s been proven that children who learn to play team spots grow up to be more understanding and co-operative adults.
Key Words
certainly [ˈsəːt(ə)nli] adv. 的确，无疑问地
convinced [kən'vɪnst] adj. 确信的 v. 使确信
put too much emphasis on 太过于强调
academic [ækə'demɪk] subject 文化课
frmly [fɜːmli] adv. 坚定地
sport facilities [fə'sɪlɪtɪz] n. 健身器具
Co-operate [kəu'ɔpəreit] v. 合作
build leardership skills 培养领导能力
be good for 对……有好处
competitive [kəm'petɪtɪv] adj. 求胜心切的
mature [mə'tʃʊə] adj. 成熟的
it’s been proven that…… 已经被证明了……
雅思口语考试人物类话题描述词汇
age
young年轻的 middle-aged中年的 elderly上了年纪的
twenty six years old 26岁 in one's twenties 二十几岁
height
short矮 fairy short相当矮 medium height中等 pretty tall相当高 tall高
appearance
good-looking长相好的 ordinary-looking长相一般的 pretty漂亮的 charming迷人的 attractive有魅力的 handsome英俊的
hair
long/short/ straight/curly hair 长/短/直/卷发 bald 秃顶的
character
hobby
雅思口语考官常用语句参考
Good morning. Come in and take a seat.
Can you tell me your full name, please? What shall I call you?
Can I see your identification please?
Can you tell me where you are from?
雅思口语考试第一部分
Now in this first part, I’d like to ask you some questions about yourself.
1. Let’s talk about…
2. I’d like to move on now to talk about …
3. Let’s move on to the topic of …
4. Let’s move on to the topic of …
雅思口语第二部分
Now I’m going to give you a topic, and I’d like you to talk about it for one to two minutes. Before you talk, you’ll have one minute to think about what you’re going to say.
You can make some notes if you wish. Do you understand?
篇4：雅思口语流程了解一下
雅思口语流程 了解一下
思口语考试流程——开始一个雅思口试部分考生可以随便的去谈，2分钟左右即可。此方面是回答问题部分，老师说什么，你要做的只是回答什么可以了。大家在平日单词词汇积累问题，提醒大家还能够更多的去积累一些词汇量，在考试时能够脱口而答。开始会面，寒暄一番，主考官会鼓励(引导考生)多谈谈一般话题(生活作息上、文化习惯上、个人兴趣等等)，考生应勇敢发言(约4-5分钟)。
雅思口语流程如何走——第二个雅思口试上有3到4分钟时间阐述个人观点。大家是要通过给出的考试题材做一个一分钟又或是一分半钟的重点陈述。再更加精简干练的句子来表达出自己看到之后的观点和感受。
雅思口语流程如何走——第三个雅思口试部分成为了大家第二部分所提及的话题以及考生做更深入的双向讨论，又或是考官其他话题与考生进行双向讨论。此阶段讨论内容灵活各异，视情况而定(约4-5分钟)。
雅思口语part 3 是老师问问题，你一定要与老师交互多一些，还需要去看看你回答的长短来决定问题的多少，若是你每一个问题回答的都很少，老师才会通过多问来诱导你多说，但是如果你每个问题都说的比较长，那么问题会少点，一般至少3个问题。时间是有老师把控的，你只要和老师沟通好。
雅思口语考试须知介绍
咋一看，雅思口语怎么练习时候考是无法确定的，但是根据经验，正常情况下，雅思口语考试时间一般安排在笔试当天下午或者次日全天某个时间，对于烤鸭们来说，有什么方式能提前知道雅思口语考试时间呢?
第一，雅思口语考试对考生可在雅思笔试考试的前2天登入雅思报名时的网站，在“我的状态”里可以查询到具体的口语考试时间和安排。
第二， 还有一种方式就是在考笔试的时候，观察周围关于口语考试的告示板，那上面一般会有很详细的考试信息。
了解雅思口语这些信息后大家就要努力备考了，希望同学们能够重视雅思口语考试真题的训练，还有雅思口语词汇的背诵，运用出彩的词汇能给大家提分不少。
如何训练并提高雅思口语
一要大声模仿。这一点很重要，模仿时要大大方方，清清楚楚，一板一眼，口形要到位，不能扭扭捏捏，小声小气地在嗓眼里嘟嚷。
二要随时都准备纠正自己说不好的单词、短语等。有了这种意识，在模仿时就不会觉得单调、的枯燥，才能主动、的有意识、的有目的地去模仿，这种模仿才是真正的模仿，才能达到模仿的目的，也就是要用心揣摩、的体会。建议大家最好还是参加一下雅思口语辅导，掌握更多的雅思口语技巧很重要。
三要坚持长期模仿。一般来说，纯正、的优美的语音、语调不是短期模仿所能达到的，需要一段时间，时间的长短取于自学者的专心程度。
四要模仿语音。模仿时要一板一眼，口形要正确，用慢速模仿，以便把音发到位，待把音发准了以后，再加快速度，用正常语速反复多说几遍，直到达到不用想就能用正常语速把句子轻松地说出来(脱口而出)，对于自己读不准或较生疏的单词要反复多听几遍，然后再反复模仿，一个单词一个单词地练，在那些常用词上下功夫，尽量模仿得像一些。
五要模仿词组的读法。有了第一步的基础，这一步就容易多了。重点要放在熟练程度和流利程度上，要多练一下连读、的同化等语音技巧。
六要段落及篇章模仿，重点在于提高流利程度。打开录音机或收音机跟着模仿，“他”说你模仿，同步进行。目的要提高口腔肌肉的反应速度，使肌肉和大脑更加协调起来。
模仿练习时要注意一个问题，一般性格内向的人，讲话时易小声小气，这对学习英语语音语调很不利，要注意克服。另一方面是源于自卑心理，总以为自己英语水平太差，不敢开口，尤其是当与口语水平比自己高的人对话时，更易出现这种情况。克服这种心理障碍，是学好雅思口语的前提。
雅思口语之亲人的圣诞祝福
给父母亲
Mom and Dad: Thank you for everything this holiday season!
爸爸妈妈：值此佳节，感谢您们所给予的一切。
I'll be home to enjoy this Christmas with you.
我将回家与你们共度佳节。
A present from me is on the way. Hope you'll like it.
寄上一份礼物，希望你们会喜欢。
I wish I were home for the holidays.
但愿我能回家共度佳节。
Thinking of you at Christmas time.
圣诞佳节，我想念你们。
Best wishes from Mark, Janet and the kids.
马克、珍妮特和孩子们，谨呈最诚挚的祝福。
Warmest thoughts and best wishes from your daughter.
寄上无限的思念和最美好的祝愿，你们的女儿。
Season's greetings from Xiao Li and Ming Ming.
献上小丽和明明的节日问候。
A holiday wish from your son Tom.
寄上佳节的祝福，你们的儿子汤姆敬上。
May you have the best Christmas ever.
愿你过个最愉快的圣诞节。
A Christmas greeting to cheer you from your daughter.
愿女儿的祝福带给您欢乐。
Merry Christmas to the world's best parents!
祝世界上最好的父母圣诞快乐!
Season's greetings to my dearest parents!
祝我最亲爱的父母节日愉快!
给师长·上司
Much joy to you in the upcoming year.
愿您在新的一年充满快乐。
Thank you for all you have done for us.
感谢您为我们所做的一切。
We'll be here after the New Year.
新年过后，我们会再回来。
We won't forget you this holiday season.
假期里，我们不会忘记您的。
Thank you for your hard work and patience on this holiday season.
值此佳节，谨对您的辛勤栽培表示感谢。
Thank you for not as signing homework this holiday season.
感谢您没有留假期作业。
I look forward to your class after the new year.
我期待着新年过后，再上您的课。
Wishing you and your family a very merry Christmas.
祝福您及全家圣诞快乐。
A merry Christmas from all of your students.
祝您圣诞快乐，您的全体学生敬上。
Christmas is a time for gladness and rejoicing …because there is no class.
圣诞节是喜庆的日子——因为不用上课。
May happiness follow you everywhere …just like we do.
愿快乐随时与您同在——如同我们与您寸步不离。
It's really a shame we can't be together at Christmas.
我们不能在一起过圣诞节真是太遗憾。
Best wishes for you and your family.
祝福您及您的家人。
We offer Christmas blessings to you.
我们向您献上圣诞节的祝福
给上司长辈
For you and your family, boss, during this holiday season!
值此圣诞佳节，老板，献给您及您的家人。
there's no place like home for the holidays.
在这佳节里，没有比家更好的地方了。
Best wishes for a wonderful new year.
献上最诚挚的祝福，祝您新年恰愉快。
May the joy of Christmas be with you throughout the year.
愿圣诞佳节的喜悦，伴随您在度过新的一年。
May joy and health be with you always.
祝您永远健康快乐。
May happiness follow you wherever you go!
愿您幸福快乐，直到永远永远。
A special card from your grandson.
您的孙子，寄上一张特别的卡片。
A Christmas wish from your nephew.
您的侄儿祝您圣诞快乐。
Wishing you and yours a happy happy new year.
万事如意，合家平安。
From all of us in sales: Merry Christmas!
我们销售部全体人员祝您圣诞快乐!
Your entire staff wishes you and yours a most happy Christmas.
全体职员祝您及家人圣诞快乐。
To Grandpa and Grandma Merry Christmas!
献给爷爷奶奶：圣诞快乐!
雅思口语流程了解一下
篇5：雅思口语语法你确定不了解一下？
在雅思口语的备考复习中，如果能够熟练掌握语法，那么你就赢了一半。
然而，很多考鸭非常不注重雅思口语中语法的训练。
在雅思口语考试中，熟练运用语法的考生更容易获得雅思口语考官的好感哦。
一、雅思口语语法：主谓一致
语法一致。
比如：主语是单数，谓语动词就用单数;主语是复数，谓语动词就用复数。当然这只在现在时态，即一般现在时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时中体现。这个要求看起来很简单，但在实际运用中，基本上所有的同学都会被我反复地提醒使用第三人称单数。
就近原则。
由or;either...or;neither...nor;not only…but also等词连接的名词或者代词作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于与动词最近的名词的单复数。Neither you nor your friend is to blame.
意义一致。
这个主要是涉及到集体名词，比如audience;army;family;jury;stuff;crew;couple等，如果这类词意义上指整体的概念谓语就用单数，如果意义指具体成员则谓语动词就用复数。如：The population in this area is increasing very slowly。/One third of the population in this area are workers.
就远原则。
由as well as;rather than; with;together with; in addition; combined with这几个词连接的名词或者代词作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于这几个词前面的名词是单数还是复数。如：The teacher rather than the students opens the door./The students rather than the teacher open the door.
还有需要注意的是：a series/line/group/list+of+名词复数，谓语动词用单数;分数、百分数、part/rest/half+名词作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词本身的单复数。;both of+名词复数，谓语用复数;each/neither/either/everything/anything作主语，谓语用单数。
主谓一致是相对简单的语法，只要大家在平时的练习中多加注意，在考试中就能减少无谓的“牺牲”。
二、雅思口语语法：使用误区
1.such as与for example的混用。
我们知道，在表示举例子的时候，such as与like是完全等同的，如：Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare。但是考生对于Such as、for example 的把握还是不够准确。我们都知道，后者接句子前者接词语表示举例子。于是就有了下面的写法：There is a similar word in many languages， such as in French and Italian。这里的such as改为for example为好，因为“in French and Italian”其实是“there is a similar word in French and Italian”的简化，所以要用for example来引出例证。再来看几个类似的例子：It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects， for example physics。
2.assume 及claim 使用不够准确。
我们知道， think，assume，claim是议论文中常用引出观点的动词。在实际作文中，同学们往往认为几个词的意思是一样的，完全可以代换，所以拿过来就用。甚至还有同学把consider也拿过来与之混用。我们首先还是从定义来看这几个词的不同：Think： to have opinion or belief about sth。翻译为“认为”，通常接宾语从句来表达比较确定的观点。Assume： to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it。翻译为“假设、假定”，是否有事实依据是不确定的。Claim： to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it。翻译为“声称”，用这个词往往意味着不赞同紧跟其后的观点，所以很少用作‘I claim that…Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer， but in fact， …。所以‘It is claimed that’通常翻译为“有报道称。。。”。和‘it is reported that ’的区别在于后者翻译为“据报道”，往往代表着作者赞同报告的内容，Consider： to think about sth carefully， especially in order to make a decision.翻译为“考虑”，一般不用作引出观点，看个例子：We are considering buying a new car。所以，千万不要在雅思大作文的第一段(观点表达段)就因为用词把握不准而导致对整篇文章的低分印象。
3.介词使用错误。
1).普通介词的误用。
一般表现为固定搭配错误，如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等，虽然这样的错误看似无伤大雅，但在考官眼里就是影响顺畅阅读的，当然会影响最终成绩。解决的办法简单而古老：把常见的固定搭配牢记于心，问题自然就解决了。
2).“to”作为介词的误用。“to”最常见的用法是以动词不定式符号的形式出现的，所以同学们也已经习惯了“to do”的固定搭配。对于一些如walk to me， to the left等介词to表方向等常见用法一般也不会出现错误。但是对于与动词搭配的介词to就会经常犯错：
More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them。
这里的‘take to’ means ‘to begin to do sth as a habit’其中‘to’为介词，所以后面只能接名词或相当于名词的词，如动名词。所以句中depend on 应改为“depending on”。“take to”的另一个常用用法也需要牢记：
He hasn’t taken to his new school. (这里‘take to’ means ‘to start liking sb or sth’)
Prefer A to B中的“to”也是介词，会有prefer doing sth to doing sth/ prefer sth to sth else，另外，“prefer to do sth rather than do sth”中的“to”可是真正的不定式符号。
3)..compare与contrast的误用。我们先从两者的定义入手来看两者的区别。 Compare的定义为：to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定义为：to compare two or more things to show the difference between them。由定义不难看出前者侧重于找到两个或多个事物的异同，而后者则侧重于它们的不同。看个例句：
It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours。
前一句翻译为：对比一下我们的情况与他们的情况会很有趣。后一句的翻译为：我们的情况与他们的情况有很大的不同，这很有趣。
再看一个引自OXFORD ADBANCED LEARNER’S DICTIONARY的例子：
There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West。
The company lost $7 million in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier。
When you look at their new system， ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast。
篇6：报考雅思考试指南了解一下
报考雅思 考试指南了解一下
雅思考试(IELTS - International English Language Testing System 国际英语语言测试系统)是听说读写四项英语交流能力的测试。
雅思考试由英国文化协会、剑桥大学考试委员会外语考试部和IDP教育集团三方在全球共同组织运作。雅思考试是一种较全面地针对听说读写四项能力的、为打算到英语国家学习、工作或定居的人们设置的英语水平考试。
每年，全球共有超过200万的考生在135个国家和地区参加雅思考试。雅思考试已经成为全球留学移民类英语测评的领导者。
全球超过8,000所院校机构所认可。无论你想留学、移民、就业，还是检测英语水平，无论你想去英国、美国、加拿大、美国、新西兰，还是荷兰、法国、德国、新加坡、香港等，你只需要一项英语考试—雅思考试。
雅思考试兼具实用性和学术性，能够精准地测评考生真实的英语沟通能力。 雅思分学术类(A类)和普通类(G类)两种题型，学术类主要适合留学，普通类主要适合移民。
针对赴英国读书的同学，英国大使馆推出用于英国签证及移民的雅思考试。雅思产生听说读写四个单项分数，单项的满分是9分(精通英语)，其次是8分 (优秀英语)，7分(良好英语)，6分(掌握英语)，5分(勉强掌握)，4分(有限英语)，3分(少量英语)，2分(少量单词)，1分(不懂英语)，0分 (没有考试)。
雅思考试包括四个部分，依次为听力、阅读、写作和口语，考试时间共2小时45分钟。每一部分都独立评分，四部分得分的平均分作为考生的雅思综合得分(小数部分取舍到最近的一分或半分，即如果平均分为6.125分，雅思得分算作6分)。成绩单上将列出考生每一部分的得分，同时给出考生的综合得分。雅思考试满分为9分。考试成绩在考试后十个工作日后通知考生。雅思考试成绩有效期为两年。
通常经验，一名有中级英语基础的考生通过有关IELTS参考书籍学习或考前复习培训班，二三个月后可参加本考试。
对中国考生来说，IELTS考试的词汇要求并不高，主要偏向生活化，但答题技巧和英国传统题型，因与TOEFL和国内英语考试(4-6级)完全不同，所以掌握题型和快速解答就显得非常重要。
考试分4个部分，一般需要两天时间举行。第一天的上午，全体考生都要参加相继进行的听力、阅读、写作三项考试;口语考试通常需要另行一天安排。许多人都觉得一般外地考生会被优先安排在第一天下午，实际上这种观念是错误的，口语考试的安排是随机的，和本地外地考生无关。
雅思阅读全真练习系列：The Triumph of Unreason
The Triumph of Unreason?
A. Neoclassical economics is built on the assumption that humans are rational beings who have a clear idea of their best interests and strive to extract maximum benefit (or “utility”, in economist-speak) from any situation. Neoclassical economics assumes that the process of decision-making is rational. But that contradicts growing evidence that decision-making draws on the emotions—even when reason is clearly involved.
B. The role of emotions in decisions makes perfect sense. For situations met frequently in the past, such as obtaining food and mates, and confronting or fleeing from threats, the neural mechanisms required to weigh up the pros and cons will have been honed by evolution to produce an optimal outcome. Since emotion is the mechanism by which animals are prodded towards such outcomes, evolutionary and economic theory predict the same practical consequences for utility in these cases. But does this still apply when the ancestral machinery has to respond to the stimuli of urban modernity?
C. One of the people who thinks that it does not is George Loewenstein, an economist at Carnegie Mellon University, in Pittsburgh. In particular, he suspects that modern shopping has subverted the decision-making machinery in a way that encourages people to run up debt. To prove the point he has teamed up with two psychologists, Brian Knutson of Stanford University and Drazen Prelec of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, to look at what happens in the brain when it is deciding what to buy.
D. In a study, the three researchers asked 26 volunteers to decide whether to buy a series of products such as a box of chocolates or a DVD of the television show that were flashed on a computer screen one after another. In each round of the task, the researchers first presented the product and then its price, with each step lasting four seconds. In the final stage, which also lasted four seconds, they asked the volunteers to make up their minds. While the volunteers were taking part in the experiment, the researchers scanned their brains using a technique called functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This measures blood flow and oxygen consumption in the brain, as an indication of its activity.
E. The researchers found that different parts of the brain were involved at different stages of the test. The nucleus accumbens was the most active part when a product was being displayed. Moreover, the level of its activity correlated with the reported desirability of the product in question.
F. When the price appeared, however, fMRI reported more activity in other parts of the brain. Excessively high prices increased activity in the insular cortex, a brain region linked to expectations of pain, monetary loss and the viewing of upsetting pictures. The researchers also found greater activity in this region of the brain when the subject decided not to purchase an item.
G. Price information activated the medial prefrontal cortex, too. This part of the brain is involved in rational calculation. In the experiment its activity seemed to correlate with a volunteer's reaction to both product and price, rather than to price alone. Thus, the sense of a good bargain evoked higher activity levels in the medial prefrontal cortex, and this often preceded a decision to buy.
H. People's shopping behaviour therefore seems to have piggy-backed on old neural circuits evolved for anticipation of reward and the avoidance of hazards. What Dr Loewenstein found interesting was the separation of the assessment of the product (which seems to be associated with the nucleus accumbens) from the assessment of its price (associated with the insular cortex), even though the two are then synthesised in the prefrontal cortex. His hypothesis is that rather than weighing the present good against future alternatives, as orthodox economics suggests happens, people actually balance the immediate pleasure of the prospective possession of a product with the immediate pain of paying for it.
I. That makes perfect sense as an evolved mechanism for trading. If one useful object is being traded for another (hard cash in modern time), the future utility of what is being given up is embedded in the object being traded. Emotion is as capable of assigning such a value as reason. Buying on credit, though, may be different. The abstract nature of credit cards, coupled with the deferment of payment that they promise, may modulate the “con” side of the calculation in favour of the “pro”.
J. Whether it actually does so will be the subject of further experiments that the three researchers are now designing. These will test whether people with distinctly different spending behaviour, such as miserliness and extravagance, experience different amounts of pain in response to prices. They will also assess whether, in the same individuals, buying with credit cards eases the pain compared with paying by cash. If they find that it does, then credit cards may have to join the list of things such as fatty and sugary foods, and recreational drugs, that subvert human instincts in ways that seem pleasurable at the time but can have a long and malign aftertaste.
Questions 1-6 Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?
Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
TRUE if the statement reflets the claims of the writer
FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this
1. The belief of neoclassical economics does not accord with the increasing evidence that humans make use of the emotions to make decisions.
2. Animals are urged by emotion to strive for an optimal outcomes or extract maximum utility from any situation.
3. George Loewenstein thinks that modern ways of shopping tend to allow people to accumulate their debts.
4. The more active the nucleus accumens was, the stronger the desire of people for the product in question became.
5. The prefrontal cortex of the human brain is linked to monetary loss and the viewing of upsetting pictures.
6. When the activity in nucleus accumbens was increased by the sense of a good bargain, people tended to purchase coffee.
Questions 7-9 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 7-9 on your answe sheet.
7. Which of the following statements about orthodox economics is true?
A. The process which people make their decisions is rational.
B. People have a clear idea of their best interests in any situation.
C. Humans make judgement on the basis of reason rather then emotion.
D. People weigh the present good against future alternatives in shopping.
8. The word “miserliness” in line 3 of Paragraph J means__________.
A. people’s behavior of buying luxurious goods
B. people’s behavior of buying very special items
C. people’s behavior of being very mean in shopping
D. people’s behavior of being very generous in shopping
9. The three researchers are now designing the future experiments, which test
A. whether people with very different spending behaviour experience different amounts of pain in response to products.
B. whether buying an item with credit cards eases the pain of the same individuals compared with paying for it by cash.
C. whether the abstract nature of credit cards may modulate the “con” side of the calculation in favour of the “pro”.
D. whether the credit cards may subvert human instincts in ways that seem pleasurable but with a terrible effect.
Questions 10-13 Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet.
To find what happens in the brain of humans when it is deciding things to buy, George Loewenstein and his co-researchers did an experiment by using the technique of fMRI. They found that different parts of the brain were invloved in the process. The activity in …10… was greatly increased with the displaying of certain product. The great activity was found in the insular cortex when …11…and the subject decided not to buy a product. The activity of the medial prefrontal cortex seemed to associate with both …12…informaiton. What interested Dr Loewenstein was the …13… of the assessment of the product and its price in different parts of the brain.
答案：TTFTF
